Kungani ukubamba izinkinga zombono kuqala kubalulekile
Izivivinyo zamehlo kanye nokuhlolwa kombukiso yingxenye ebalulekile yokugcina impilo yezingane. Abahlengikazi bahlale behlola amehlo omntwana noma omncane ngesikhathi behlola ukuqinisekisa ukuthi baphile kahle. Ngeminyaka engu-3 noma engu-4, umbono wengane kufanele uhlolwe futhi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ubona kahle. Futhi lapho uneminyaka engama-5 ubudala, izingane kufanele zithole ukuhlolwa kwesikhashana kwesikhashana esikoleni kanye / noma ihhovisi lezingane zabo.
Okushiwo Abazali Ngaphambi Kokuletha Izingane Zabo Ekuhlolweni Kwamehlo
Njengoba izingane zingena esikoleni sabafundela nesonto lokuqala, umbono omuhle uzoba yingxenye ebalulekile yokufunda . Nazi ezinye izici eziyinhloko abazali okufanele bazi mayelana nokuhlolwa kwezilanga zezingane, kanye nendima ebalulekile abayidlala ngayo impilo kanye nentuthuko yengane yomntwana.
- Ukuhlola ukubuka izingane akukodwa futhi kwenziwa. Ngenxa yokuthi imibono yabantwana ingashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuhlolwa kwezingane kubone okungenani kanye ngonyaka. Ezinye izinkinga zombono, ezifana nokuzibona ngeso lengqondo, zingase zingabikho kuze kube yilapho izingane zikhulile, ezineminyaka engama-8 noma engu-9, futhi ukukhula okungaholela ekushintsheni okusheshayo embonweni.
- Abazali abaningi bangase bangaqapheli ngisho nokuthi ingane yabo ibona izinkinga zombono kuze kube yilapho inkinga itholakele ngokuhlola ngombono . Ukuhlola izibuko kubalulekile ngoba izingane ezincane ngokuvamile aziqapheli okuyizinto noma ezingavamile, futhi cishe ngeke zikhulume uma zingaboni njengoba kufanele.
Izimpawu ukuthi ingane yakho ingase ibhekane nezinkinga zombono ingaba yizicabha futhi zingabandakanya ukudweba; ukuguqula noma ukuguqula ikhanda ukubona into; ukuhlukunyezwa kweso (strabismus); ukukhononda ngekhanda uma wenza imisebenzi ebonakalayo; ukungakwazi ukubona izinto ezikude kanye noontanga / abazali; ukukhathazeka ukugxila noma ukukhathala esikoleni; futhi ube nebala eliphikisayo, elingavamile emehlweni akhe ezithombeni ezithathwe nge-flash (indawo emhlophe, isibonelo, esikhundleni sezinhlobonhlobo ezibomvu), ezingabonisa ukubonakala kwamehlo noma kwezinye izimo, isifo se-iso esibi nakakhulu.
Ukuhlala eduze ne-TV noma ukubamba izinto ezinjengezincwadi eziseduze kakhulu ebusweni kungabuye kubonise inkinga yombono, kodwa ngoba lezi ziyizinkinga ezivamile zengane kuzo zonke izingane, abazali kufanele babheke lezi zimpawu ngokuhambisana nezinye izimpawu ukuthi ingane yabo enenkinga yokubona kahle, kusho u-Mae Millicent W. Peterseim, MD, isifo se-ophthalmologist e-Storm Eye Institute / Medical University yaseNingizimu Carolina.
- Kubalulekile ukubamba izinkinga zombono kusenesikhathi. Ezinye izimo , ezifana ne-amblyopia, noma "iso elivilaphayo," ziyaphathwa kakhulu uma zibanjwa zisencane, futhi kunzima ukulungisa uma kutholakala ukuthi ingane ikhulile, ineminyaka engu-7 noma ngaphezulu. Ngokwesibonelo, ingane ingase ibe nombono ompofu kwelinye iso kodwa ibone kahle ngokwabo kokubili ukuze inkinga ingatholakali; ukuhlolwa kombono kuphela okuvivinya umbono wengane iso elilodwa ngesikhathi kungabona inkinga enjalo. (I-Amblyopia ivame ukuphathwa ngezibuko futhi ngezinye izikhathi ziphazamise.) "Kuyabuhlungu ukuzwa ingane ithi, 'Ngacabanga ukuthi wonke umuntu angabona kangcono ngeso elilodwa," kusho uDkt Peterseim.
- Uma inkinga itholakele, ingane kufanele ihlolwe ngokujulile iso. Uma ukuhlolwa kokuhlola kubonisa inkinga yombono, ingane izothunyelwa ku-ophthalmologist noma i-optometrist ukuze kuhlolwe iso eliphelele. UDkt. Peterseim uthi: "Lapho kuhlolwa i-eye, ehhovisi le- eye, udokotela uzohlola umbono futhi kufanele enze ukuhlolwa kokuqonda okujulile," kusho uDkt Peterseim. Udokotela uzohlola ukuze abone ukuthi amehlo aphikisana kanjani nokuthi ahamba kahle kangakanani futhi agxila ezintweni (ukubuka iso ngalinye ngokuzihlanganisa ngokuqala kokuqala kuqala bese omunye). Uzohlola futhi i-retina ne-optic nerve bese uhlola amehlo nganoma yiziphi izimpawu zokutheleleka noma izifo.
- Kukhona ukuhlola okusha okuthakazelisayo kokuhlola kwezingane. "Ukuhlolwa kokusungulwa kwezinsimbi ezintsha kusebenza kahle futhi kungathatha izinkinga ezinganeni ngaphambili," kusho uDkt Peterseim. "Ingane ibheka idivayisi ngokukhanya okukhazimulayo futhi umshini uthola ukungajwayelekile emzuzwana, njengekhamera, kubambisana kakhulu okudingekayo." Le ndlela yabiza kakhulu, kodwa iyashesha, kulula, futhi isebenza kahle. Inqubomgomo entsha ye-AAP iphakamisa ukuhlolwa kwezinsimbi ezisekelwe ezenzweni ezinganeni ezincane ezinyangeni ezingu-12 ubudala, kusho uDkt Peterseim.
- Izivivinyo zamehlo zibalulekile ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezifunda esikoleni. Izingane zifunda okuningi ngokubukeka ekilasini, futhi umbono ompofu ungabangela umphumela omubi wokuthi ingane yenza kanjani esikoleni. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu izingane ezifunda esikoleni ukuba ziqhubeke nokuthola ukubukwa kombono njalo, kungaba esikoleni noma ehhovisi likadokotela.
- Abazali badlala indima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni umbono wabantwana. Landela ekuhloleni imiphumela yokuhlola kanye / noma uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu ingane yakho ingase ibe nenkinga yombono. Funa i-ophthalmologist yezingane noma i-optometrist, noma udokotela okhululekile nezingane futhi unolwazi ekunakekeleni amehlo abantwana. Ngokwesibonelo, izingane zivame ukucubungula lapho zicelwa ukuthi zimboze iso, ngakho udokotela kufanele azi ukuthi asebenzise i-patch noma amboze iso kahle ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa. Odokotela kufanele baphinde bahlanza abafundi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwamehlo. "Kubalulekile ukuthi ingane ihlasele ukuze ihlwithe abafundi ukuba banqume ukuthi idinga yini izibuko ," kusho uDkt Peterseim. "Abanye odokotela badlula lesi sinyathelo. Uma udokotela wengane yakho engenzi lokhu, umzali kufanele acele, noma ahambe kwenye indawo."