Ukulimala kokuzalwa akuzona izinkinga ezingavamile ezinganeni. Ngenxa yokuthi ingane ihanjiswa emgodini omncane wesifazane, ukulimala kungenziwa kusukela ekuzalweni kwenqubo. Izinsana ezinesisindo esikhulu kanye nobudala obukhulu kakhulu bokubeletha zivame kakhulu ukulimala kwamathambo. Ezinye izimo ezihlotshaniswa nokulimala kokuzalwa zihlanganisa izinkinga zezokwelapha ezinjenge- osteogenesis imperfecta noma i- arthrogryposis .
Eminye yokulimala okwejwayelekile komzimba okubonwayo ngesikhathi sokubeletha kuchazwa lapha. Lezi zimele zihlukaniswe nezimo zokubeletha ingane ezizalwa nazo, ukulimala kokubeletha kwenzeka ngempela ngesikhathi sokuzalwa. Ngokuvamile lokhu kuhlanganisa ukulimala kwamathambo, okuhlanganyelwe kanye nesisindo okwenzeka ngoba umntwana ubeke kabi ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Eziningi zalezi zingozi zingagwenywa yi-Caesarean delivery, Nokho, kunezinye izingozi ezingase zenzeke ngenxa yale nqubo yokuhlinzwa. Ezinye zezinto ezivame ukulimala kokubeletha zihlanganisa:
I-Clavicle Fractures
I-Clavicle fractures yilapho kutholakala ukulimala okubeletha kakhulu. I-clavicle, ebizwa nangokuthi i-collarbone, ixhuma esifubeni ehlombe. Isibonakaliso esivamile siwubuhlungu phezu kwesayithi lokuphulwa, njengoba nje ukulimala kungabangela ukukhubazeka okubonakalayo. Ukwelashwa okulula, okuvame nje ukufaka ingalo esikhwameni, kuzovumela lezi zimo ukulimala.
Ukwelashwa kuvame ukudingwa amasonto ambalwa nje, njengoba amathambo ephulukisa ngokushesha ezinsaneni ezincane.
Ukulimala kwe-Brachial Plexus (i-Erb's Palsy)
I-plexus ye-brachial yiqembu lezinzwa ezisuka entanyeni phansi phansi kwengalo. Itholakala nje ngaphansi kwe-clavicle (collarbone) futhi ingalimala ngesikhathi sokubeletha.
I-plexus ye-brachial isolulwe lapho ikhanda lidonsa ngakwesinye isiqondiso futhi ingalo ehlukile. Ngokujwayelekile, lokhu ukulimala kubangela ubuthakathaka obubonwe engalweni eyodwa. Ukwelashwa ukuvumela izinzwa ukuba ziphulukise ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngokuvamile lokhu kuholela ekutholeni okuphelele. Uma ukulimala kwamantombazane kusacacile ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-3 kuya kwezingu-6, ukuhlinzwa kunganconywa.
Ama-Fractures e-Growth Plate
Ukulimala kwe-plate plate ukulimala okwenzeka ezinganeni nasezingane. Indawo yokukhula okusheshayo kwamathambo iyisifo se-cartilage esincane kakhulu, futhi isengozini yokulimala. Ngokuvamile ukuqhuma kwesikhala sokukhula okuwumphumela wokulimala kokuzalwa kutholakala ngokuvuvukala komunye umkhawulo wethambo elide (ingalo noma umlenze). Nakuba kungekho okungajwayelekile okungabonakala ku-x-ray, izimpawu zokuphulukisa zivame ukuvela kuma-x-ray ngesonto noma ngemuva kokulimala. Ukwelashwa ngokuvamile kuvame ukuvikelwa okulula kwendawo futhi kuvumela amasonto ambalwa ukuphulukiswa okuphelele.
I-Femur Fractures
I-Femur fractures (i-thigh bone ephukile) yenzeke njengoba umlenze ugobile ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Lezi zilimala ezingavamile ezingavamile kakhulu kunama-clavicle fractures. Isibonakaliso esivamile sibuhlungu lapho ingane ishukunyiswa noma i-diaper ishintshiwe. Ukwelashwa kwe-femur fracture enganeni esanda kuzalwa ukusebenzisa i- harlic harness .
Ngokuvamile, i-Pavlik harness igqoke cishe amasonto amane.
Ngezansi: Iningi Lama-Orthopedic Yalimala
Izindaba ezinhle, ukuthi ngisho noma ukulimala kwamathambo kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokubeletha, lezi zizokwenza njalo zixazulule ngokubona okulula. Umzimba osanda kuzalwa ukhula ngokushesha, futhi unamandla okuphulukisa. Iningi lezingane ezisanda kuzalwa lizophola ngokugcwele ngokulimala kwazo kungekho ukwelashwa okudingekayo.
Imithombo:
I-Staheli LT, "I-Practice of Orthopedics ye-Pediatric" uLippincott Williams & Wilkins 2001. Page 218.
"I-Erb's Palsy (Brachial Plexus Birth Injury)" I-American Academy yezigulane ze-Orthopedic. Okthoba 2007.