Ukuphazamiseka Kwegazi Okungaqaphela Ngesikrini Esisanda Kuzalwa

Namuhla e-United States zonke izinsana ziyahlolwa zibizwa ngokuthi isikrini esisha . Lokhu kuvame ukuqoqwa ngaphambi kokuba usana lukhishwe esibhedlela. Igazi liqoqwe ephepheni lokuhlunga elibizwa ngekhadi le-Guthrie futhi lithunyelwe ebhokisini lombuso.

Kwamanye amazwe, ukuhlolwa kuphindaphindiwe cishe amasonto amabili kamuva. Isifo sokuqala esihlolwe yi-phenylketonuria (PKU); abanye abantu basabhekisela kulokhu njengesivivinyo se-PKU, kodwa namuhla izifo eziningi zihlolwe ngalesi sampula segazi elincane. Inhloso yesikrini esanda kuzalwa ukukhomba izimo ezizuzwe njengefa, ukuze ukwelashwa kuqale kusenesikhathi futhi kuvimbele izinkinga.

Kunezinkinga eziningi zegazi ezingabonakala esikrinini esanda kuzalwa. Sizobukeza lapha. Ukuhlolwa akufani nhlobo kuwo wonke ama-50, kepha ngokujwayelekile, iningi lala lizobonakala.

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Isifo-Isifo Segciwane

Isifo sokuqala segazi esongezwe esikrinini esanda kuzalwa sasisifo se-sickle-cell . Ekuqaleni, ukuhlola kwakunqunyelwe izinhlanga ezithile noma izinhlanga, kepha ngokunyuka kwezinga labantu, manje zonke izinsana ziyahlolwa. Isikrini esisanda kuzalwa singakwazi ukubona kokubili isifo segilane-iseli kanye nesici se-sickle-cell. Izingane ezikhonjiswe ngesifo se-sickle-cell ziqaliswa ku-penicillin ukuvimbela izifo ezisongela ukuphila. Lesi silinganiso esilula sashintsha isifo se-sickle-cell njengento ebonakalayo kubantwana abanesifo sompilo.

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I-Thalassemia ye-Beta

Umgomo wokuhlola i-beta thalassemia ukukhomba izingane ezinezikhulu ezinkulu ze-beta thalassemia ezizodinga ukumpontshelwa ngegazi njalo ngenyanga ukuze zisinde. Kunzima ukucacisa ukuthi ngabe ingane izodinga ukumpontshelwa impilo yonke esekelwe kwesikrini esanda kuzalwa kuphela, kodwa izingane ezikhonjiswe ngokuthi zine-beta thalassemia zizodluliselwa ku-hematologist ukuze zihlolwe ngokucophelela kakhulu kwe-anemia enkulu.

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I-Hemoglobin H

I-Hemoglobin H wuhlobo lwe-alpha thalassemia oluholela ekudleni kwe- anemia okulinganiselayo. Yize lezi ziguli zidinga ukungaziphathi ngegazi njalo ngenyanga, zingase zibe nesifo segazi esinzima phakathi nokugula okunomkhuhlane odinga ukumpontshelwa igazi. Ukuqaphela lezi ziguli kusenesikhathi kuvumela abazali ukuba bafundiswe ngezibonakaliso nezimpawu ze-anemia enkulu.

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I-Hemoglobin C

Ngokufanayo ne-hemoglobin S (noma ugundane hemoglobin), i-hemoglobin C ibonakala esitokisini segazi elibomvu elibukeka sengathi lifana ne-bullseye (target cell) kunedipho. Uma umzali oyedwa enekhwalithi ye-sickle-cell kanti enye inomphumela we-hemoglobin C, bane-1 kwane-4 amathuba okuba nengane ene-Hemoglobin SC, uhlobo lwesifo se-sickle-cell. Kukhona nezifo ze-hemoglobin C ezifana nesifo se-hemoglobin CC ne-hemoglobin C / beta thalassemia. Lezi azizona izifo zokugula. Lokhu kubangela ukuhlukahluka kwesifo se-anemia kanye ne-hemolysis (ukuchithwa kwe-cell cell red), kodwa hhayi ubuhlungu obufana ne-sickle-cell.

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I-Hemoglobin E

Eyaseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, i-hemoglobin E inciphise ukukhiqizwa futhi kunzima ukugcina isimo sayo. Okubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlanganisa i-hemoglobin E ne-beta thalassemia engabangela ukuthi i-thalassemia iyinhloko, nesidingo sokumpompela impilo yonke. Uma usana luzuza i-hemoglobin E kusuka kumzali ngamunye, angakwazi ukuthola izifo ze-hemoglobin EE. I-Hemoglobin EE isifo esincane segazi esincane esinamashebhu amancane kakhulu obomvu (microcytosis).

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I-Hemoglobin ehlukile

Ngaphezu kwe-hemoglobins S, C, no-E kukhona ukuhlukahluka kwe-hemoglobin kuka-1000. Lawa ma-hemoglobins anamagama angavamile njengoConstant Spring noMemphis (abizwa ngokuthi indawo lapho baqala khona ukukhonjwa). Iningi lala alikho ukubaluleka komtholampilo. Kuyiningi lezinsana, kunconywa ukuthi uphinde usebenze ngegazi ezinyangeni eziyi-9 kuya kwezingu-12 ukucacisa ukuthi lokhu kunoma yikuphi ukubaluleka.

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I-Alpha Thalassemia Trait

Ngezinye izikhathi umphumela we-alpha thalassemia (noma obuncane) ungabonakala esikrinini esanda kuzalwa. Ngokuvamile, umphumela uzokhipha i-hemoglobin Barts noma ama-fast fast. Uhlobo lwe-Alpha thalassemia lungabangela i-anemia emnene namaseli amancane amasha aphuzi kodwa ngokuvamile akatholakali. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi umntwana unesihenqo esisha esizalwayo asisho ukuthi akanalo uphawu lwe-alpha thalassemia; kungaba nzima ukubona. Kamuva empilweni ye-alpha thalassemia ingase ididaniswe nokuntuleka kwe-anemia yensimbi.

Yazi Imiphumela Yengane Yakho

Qinisekisa ukuthi ubuyekeze imiphumela yesikrini sakho esisha esisha esinezingane nezingane zakudala. Ingane yakho kungenzeka ingabi neyodwa yalezi zifo kodwa ingase ibe yithwala yinye. Lokhu kubalulekile ukwabelana nengane yakho ngaphambi kokuthi uqale umndeni.