Ochwepheshe bezokwelapha bathi kuphephile ukunikeza imishanguzo ye-MMR eqanda-izingane ezihlushwa
Ochwepheshe bezokwelapha bakholelwa ukuthi kuphephile kakhulu izingane ezinezinyosi zeqanda ukuze zithole umjovo we-MMR, ukhathazekile ukuthi ukugula kwabo kunzima kakhulu . Njengoba lo mbuzo kuqala ophakanyisiwe eminyakeni engaphezu kwamashumi amabili edlule, izifundo eziningana ziye zafakazela ukuphepha komgomo we-MMR ezinganeni eziphikisana namaqanda.
Ngokuqinisekile kufanele uxoxisane nanoma yikuphi ukukhathazeka onakho mayelana nesimiso sokugonywa kunconywa ngodokotela wezingane, kodwa ayikho imbangela yangempela yokukhathazeka-nezinye izizathu zangempela zokuqinisekisa ukuthi ingane yakho idutshulwa.
Uyini umgomo we-MMR?
Umgomo wokuvikela i-MMR uvikela izingane kanye nabantu abadala ngokumelene nezifo ezintathu: isishukela, imifino kanye nerubella. I-Centers for Disease Control & Prevention ifuna izingane ukuba zithole ama-MMR amabili amahlumela: owokuqala uma eneminyaka engu-15 ubudala, kanti lesibili sesibili siphenduka uma sineminyaka emine kuya kweyisithupha ubudala.
Ukukhathazeka ngeqanda ukuhlukunyezwa kwabangelwa ngoba izithako ezimbili ezisebenzayo emitholampilo ye-MMR-izisimungumzimba nezimbumbulu-zikhulile emasikweni avela emibungu. Imibungu yezinkukhu ngokusobala iqala njengamaqanda.
Noma kunjalo, yize umuthi wokugoma we-MMR uphuthunyiswa ngendlela engabangela amaprotheni eqanda ngokwayo, inani lamaprotheni eqanda empilweni okwenziwe ngempela liphansi kakhulu, futhi akwanele ukuphazamisa ukusabela, ngisho umuntu onomthelela omkhulu emaqanda.
Ucwaningo Bonisa i-MMR Iphephile kulabo abane-Egg allergies
Kube nezifundo eziningana eziye zabonisa ukuthi umgomo uzophephile, ngisho nangabantwana abanomlando wokusabela okweqile okweqanda.
Ngokwesibonelo, odokotela baseSpain banikeze i-MMR shot ezinganeni ezingu-26 ngeqanda lokungabi naso. Akekho kulawo bantwana owayene-reactionergic reaction. Futhi eDenmark, odokotela bagoma futhi balandela izingane ezinamaqanda angama-32, okungekho kubo okwakunezifo ezithathelwanayo emithini yokugoma (ezinye zemithi eDenmark zanikezwa ngokulandela lokho abalobi ababiza ngokuthi "ukubambezeleka okukhulu" kusukela ohlelweni lokugoma lokunconywa).
Kuzo zombili izimo, odokotela ababandakanyekile babika ukuthi umgomo uphephile ezinganeni ezinomdlavuza weqanda.
Ngokusekelwe ocwaningweni lwezokwelapha okwenziwayo, kokubili iKomidi Elulekayo Yokuzivocavoca (AICP) kanye ne-American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) batusa umgomo we-MMR kubantwana abanezifo zamaqanda.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiqondiso sikazwelonke soMthetho wezifo ezibangelwa ukungezwani komzimba kanye nezifo ezithathelwanayo nezifo ezithathelwanayo zibiza izingane ezinezinyosi zeqanda ukuze zithole umgomo we-MMR. Le mihlahlandlela yabhalwa iphaneli labachwepheshe abavela ezinhlanganweni ezingu-34 zezenhlalakahle, ama-federal agencies, kanye namaqembu okukhuthaza isiguli, kuhlanganise nama-allergen abavelele abakhethekile ekudleni kokudla.
Izwi kusuka
Umgomo we-MMR uphephile, ngisho noma ingane yakho ihlaselwa amaqanda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngezinye izikhathi, ukugonywa kwe-MMR kunikwa izikhwebu nomuthi wokugoma we-varicella (inkukhu pox)-lapho kuthiwa yi-MMRV. Umuthi wokugoma u-varicella awuqukethe amaprotheni amaqanda, ngakho-ke ukudubula okuhlangene nakho kuphephile kubantwana abanezifo zamaqanda.
Qaphela ukuthi kunezinye izingane (kanye nabantu abadala) abangeke bathole ukugonywa kwe-MMR. Ngokwezikhungo zokuLawula nokuvimbela izifo, lolu hlu lubandakanya: noma ubani oye wasabela ngokusongela impilo ye-neomycin yama-antibiotic; noma ubani oye wasabela ngokusongela ukuphila kwesibhamu se-MMR sangaphambilini; kanye nabesifazane abakhulelwe.
Uma ingane yakho igula ngesikhathi esihleliwe ukuze uthole ukudubula kwe-MMR, udokotela wakho angase anikeze ukweluleka kuze kube yilapho ingane yakho ingcono.
Uma kukhona okukhathazayo nhlobo mayelana nokugonywa kwe-MMR (noma noma yimuphi omunye umuthi onconywa izingane, izinsana, nezingane), khuluma nodokotela wezingane wengane yakho.
Imithombo:
U-Andersen DV et al. Ukugonywa kwe-MMR kwezingane ezinomdlavuza weqanda kuphephile. I-Danish Medical Journal. 2013 Feb; 60 (2): A4573.
Cerecedo Carballo I et al. Ukuphepha komuthi wokugoma we-measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) ezigulini ezihlushwa amaqanda. Allergologia et Immunopathologia (Madrid). 2007 Meyi-Jun; 35 (3): 105-9.
UJames JM et al. Ukuphathwa okuphephile komuthi wokugoma wegciwane lesisemungeni kubantwana ukuhlushwa kwamaqanda. I-New England Journal of Medicine. 1995 Meyi 11; 332 (19): 1262-6.
Iphaneli le-Expert elixhasiwe le-NIAID. Izikhombandlela Zokuqapha Nokuphathwa Kwezokudla Zomzimba E-United States: Umbiko we-Panel Expert-Sponsored Panel. I-Journal ye -ergy and Immunology Clinic. Umqulu 126, Issue 6, Disemba 2010.