Izinso zakho zizitho ezimbili ezinjengebhontshisi ezitholakala ngaphansi kwe-cage cage yakho. Umsebenzi wabo oyinhloko ukuhlunga igazi ukuze kukhishwe isidumbu semfucuza kanye noketshezi oluthe xaxa.
I-immunoglobulin I-nephropathy (IgA nephropathy) yinkinga yezinso ephazamisa i-glomerulus, inethiwekhi eyinkimbinkimbi yemithwalo yegazi enesibopho sokuhlunga igazi.
Sibutsetelo
Izinso zakho ziqukethe i-nephron million, kanti nephron ngayinye iqukethe i-glomerulus.
Lezi zingu-glomeruli noma amanethiwekhi omzimba wemithambo yegazi zihlunga kahle igazi lakho. Bathumela imikhiqizo emfucuza kanye noshukela (njengomchamo) esiqandisini bese ukhulula igazi namanye ama-molecule amakhulu, njengamaprotheni, abuyele egazini.
Ngokujwayelekile, isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela somuntu sikhipha i-antibody, i-immunoglobulin A, ekuphenduleni uhlobo oluthile lwe-trigger elinegciwane lesandulela ngculazi. Kodwa kubantu abane-nephropathy ye-IgA, i-immunoglobulin A iyakha futhi igcine ngaphakathi kwe-glomeruli yezinso zabo.
Le-immunoglobulin I-buildup ibangela ukuvuvukala kwezinso, futhi ekugcineni ilahle, okwenza kube nzima ku-glomeruli ukwenza umsebenzi wokuhlunga. Ngenxa yalokho, ukwehluleka kwezinso kungenzeka.
Izibalo
ENyakatho Melika, cishe amadoda angaphezu kwabesilisa kunama-females ane-nephapatropathy ye-IgA, futhi lokhu kubhekisela kokubili izingane kanye nabantu abadala. Ngaphandle kokuvamile kubantu abesilisa, i-IgA nephropathy ivame kakhulu kubantu baseCaucasus nama-Asiya futhi abavamile kubantu base-Afrika-baseMelika.
Ekugcineni, e-United States, ngaphezu kwengxenye yabantu abadala, abaneminyaka engama-30 noma ngaphezulu ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa kwe-IgA nephropathy, babe nesigaba sesi-3 kuya kwesigaba sesi-5 sesifo esingenasifo sezinso. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-IgA nephropathy ngaphambili kungase kuzuze, njengoba ukwelashwa kungase kunciphise umsebenzi wezinso zomuntu ukwehla.
Ukuxilongwa
Izimpawu ezimbili ezivame kakhulu ze-IgA nephropathy yigazi emcimbini , okwenza umchamo ubheke umbala wetiyi, namaprotheni emcinini , okungabangela ukuba umchamo ubonakale uqhamuka.
Noma kunjalo, iningi labantu abane-neopropathy ye-IgA abanalo izimpawu. Uma umuntu ebona igazi elikhulu emcimbini, futhi bane-igA nephropathy, ngokuvamile kuvame ukutheleleka ngegciwane njengomkhuhlane noma isisu somkhuhlane.
Ngalokho, udokotela angase asole wena noma othandekayo une-igA nephropathy esekelwe emlandweni oqaphileyo, kanye nobufakazi emcimbini kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi. Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, isazi sezinzwa (udokotela ogxile ezifweni zezinso) uzosusa isicu esincane sezinso zezinso. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi i-biopsy futhi yenziwa ngokubeka inaliti emhlane wakho, lapho izinso zingatholakala khona kalula.
Ngemuva kwe-biopsy, udokotela wezinkinga uzohlola izicubu zezinso ngaphansi kwe-microscope futhi azinake ukuze abone ukuthi ingabe i-IgA deposits ikhona noma cha. Uma kukhona ubufakazi be-IgA buildup, lokhu kuzoqinisa ukuxilongwa kwe-IgA nephropathy.
Kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi odokotela abenzani ukwenza i-biopsy yezinso kuwo wonke umuntu onegazi elincane noma amaprotheni emcinini wakhe.
Esikhundleni salokho, uma unegazi noma amaprotheni emcintweni wakho, udokotela wakho angase aqaphele umchamo wakho nokusebenza kwezinso njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya kweziyishumi nambili noma kunjalo.
Kungenzeka ukuthi enze i-biopsy uma umsebenzi wakho wezinso uqala ukwehla (njengoba kuboniswe izinga eliphezulu lokudala ekuhlolweni kwegazi) noma uqala ukuba nokwanda kwamaprotheni ukulahlekelwa emcinini wakho.
Ukuba nomfutho wegazi ophakeme kungase kube isizathu sokuba udokotela wakho enze i-biopsy yezinso (uma kukhona igazi kanye / noma amaprotheni emcintini).
Ukwelapha
Kulabo bantu abathintekayo abanesifo sofuzo se-IgA, kuze kube yilapho bezohamba kancane (eminyakeni engamashumi eminyaka) bathuthuke ukuhluleka kwezinso (ekuthiwa yi-end-stal disease real, noma ESRD).
Kuye ngezici eziningana ezihlobene nephropathy yakho ye-IgA, udokotela wakho angakuphatha ngemithi yokunciphisa ukuqhubeka kwesifo sakho sezinso.
Le mithi ihlanganisa i-angiotensin-yokuguqula i-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors noma i-angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) ukulawula ukucindezeleka kwegazi. Amafutha okudoba ama-dietary supplements nawo avame ukuphakanyiswa.
Udokotela wakho angase aphathe ukuvuvukala okwenzeka nge-igA nephropathy ngokukunika i-steroids njenge-prednisone.
Uma uthuthukela ekugcineni kwesifo sezinso, ungaphathwa nge-dialysis noma ukufakelwa kwezinso .
Nakuba ukufakelwa kwezinso kuyindlela yokukhetha, akubheki njengokwelapha, njengoba i-nephropathy ye-IgA ingakwazi ukuphindaphindiwe ezinsoweni ezisanda kutshalwa.
Izwi elivela
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi wena noma othandekayo uthola ukuthi unesifo sofuba se-IgA, esinye isifo sezinso, noma sitholakale sibe negazi kanye / noma amaprotheni emcinini wakho, qiniseka ukuthi ulandele udokotela wakho njengoba kuneluleka.
Lokhu kuhlala kunjalo ikakhulukazi ne-igA nephropathy, njengoba kunzima kakhulu odokotela ukubikezela ukuthi ngubani ozobe olungile nokuthi ngubani ozokwakha isifo sezinso ekugcineni.
> Imithombo:
> Cheung CK, uBaratt J. (2017). Isethulo semitholampilo nokuxilongwa kwe-IgA nephropathy. UGlassock RJ, uFervenza FC, ed. UpToDate, Waltham, MA: UpToDate Inc.
> Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Sesifo Sikashukela kanye Nezifo Zokugula Nezinso (2014). Izinso Zakho Nendlela Abasebenza Ngayo.
> IgA Nephropathy Foundation of America. (nd). I-FAQs - Iyini i-IgA Nephropathy?
> Wyatt RJ, uJulian BA. I-nephropathy ye-IgA. N Engl J Med. 2013 Jun 20; 368 (25): 2402-14.