Izimbangela Zokuhluleka Kwezinso

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Ukuhluleka Kwezinso: Kuyini Ukuhluleka Kwezinso?

Kuyini Ukuhluleka Kwezinso?

Ukuhluleka kwezinso yisimo lapho izinso zingasayikuhlunga igazi lezindleko ezingafuneki emfudlaneni wegazi kanye nokuthi kufanele. Lokhu kungenzeka ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene, futhi kubhekene nendaba encane eqondiswe kalula ekhishini elide elidinga i-dialysis ukwenza umsebenzi wezinso.

Ukuhluleka Kwezinso Ezinzima

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuhluleka kwezinso, eziyingozi futhi ezingapheliyo.

Ukuhluleka kwezinso eziyinkimbinkimbi yinkinga yamanje futhi evele ivele ngokushesha lapho izinso zingasebenzi kanye nokuthi zivame ukwenza . Ezimweni eziningi, izinkinga ezinzima nezinso eziphathwayo ngokushesha zixazulula ngokuphelele noma zenze izinkinga ezincane ngokubuyela emsebenzini oseduze. Kwezinye iziguli, kunenkinga efana nokukhulelwa kwamanzi futhi inkinga ingaphathwa ngento elula njengokuphuza amanzi amaningi noma ukuthola ama-flu flu.

Leli gama elibi kakhulu lisho ukugula okungaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ubude, kuyilapho okungapheli ngokuvamile kusho izinyanga eziyisithupha noma ngaphezulu ngobude.

Ukwehluleka Kwezinso Ezingapheliyo

Ukuhluleka kwezinso ezingapheli, okugxile kulokhu kulesi sihloko, kwaziwa nangokuthi isifo sokuqeda isiteleka sokuphela noma iSRD. Kuyinto isimo lapho izinso zilahlekelwa khona amandla okuhlunga udoti namanzi amaningi ngokwegazi ukuze kuguqulwe zibe umchamo. Uma izinso zonakaliswe kakhulu kangangokuthi azikwazi ukuhlunga igazi ngokwanele ukusekela impilo, isiguli siyodinga i-dialysis noma ukufakelwa kwezinso ukuze kuphile.

Uma izinso zihluleka, i-dialysis - ukwelapha lapho igazi lihlungwa futhi lihlanzwa ukwenza umsebenzi izinso azikwazi - zenziwa. Nakuba i-dialysis ingenza umsebenzi obalulekile wezinso, ukwelashwa kuyabiza futhi kudla isikhathi, okudinga okungenani izinyanga ezintathu ze-3 ngesonto.

Ukwelashwa kwezinso zezinso yilapho kuphela "ukwelashwa" kwesifo sokuqeda isiteleka sokuphela, njengoba ukufakelwa kwezinso okusebenzayo kuzosusa isidingo sokudayalysis. Ukufakelwa kubangela izinselele kodwa kuhlinzeka ngcono kakhulu impilo yonke lapho ukuhlinzwa kuphumelela.

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Isifo sikashukela kanye nokuhluleka kwezinso

Isifo sikashukela kanye nokuhluleka kwezinso

Isifo sikashukela esingalawuleki yisisusa se- # 1 sokuhluleka kwezinso e-United States, esinesibopho esingaphezu kuka-30% seziguli ezinesifo. Iningi lalabo abamukeli bezinso banalo uhlobo lwe-1 noma luhlobo lwe-2 lwesifo sikashukela .

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amazinga aphezulu egazi egazini abulala ikhono lezinso lokuhlunga ubuthi kanye nokuchitha igazi. I-molecule ye-glucose inkulu kunama-molecule ukuthi izinso kufanele zihlungiwe. Indlela yokuhlunga yonakaliswa njengoba i-glucose iphoqelelwa emgqeni, ngakho-ke izinso zilahlekelwa ikhono lokuhlunga ama-molecule amancane. Umonakalo uyaqhubeka kuze kube yilapho inkulu kangangokuthi udoti luqala ukwakha egazini legazi.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuzovame ukubonisa kokubili amazinga aphezulu e-creatinine nama-BUN. Lapho udoti luqala ukwakha, i-dialysis noma ukufakelwa kwezinso yisinyathelo esilandelayo sokwelashwa.

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Ukucindezeleka Kwegazi Eliphezulu kanye Nokuhluleka Kwezinso

Ukucindezeleka Kwegazi Eliphezulu kanye Nokuhluleka Kwezinso

Ukucindezeleka komfutho wegazi, noma ukucindezeleka kwegazi , kubangelwa ukuhlukunyezwa kwezicubu zezinso. Njengoba ingcindezi yegazi ikhuphuka, izinso zizama ukukhokhela ukucindezela okwandayo. Izicubu ze-scar ziqoqa ngaphezu kwezinyanga nezinyanga kuze kube yilapho izinso 'ezikwazi ukuhlunga igazi zingasebenzi.

Ukushiywa engaphenduliwe, ukucindezelwa kwegazi okuqhubekayo kuqhubeka kubangele izinsalela kuze kube yilapho behluleka futhi i-dialysis noma ukufakelwa kwezinso kuyadingeka.

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Izifo Zesifo Esingapheli Nokuhluleka Kwezinso

Izifo Zesifo Esingapheli Nokuhluleka Kwezinso

Ukutheleleka kwezinso ezingapheliyo kubangelwa ukonakala kwezinso, okufana nokulimala okubangelwa umfutho wegazi ophezulu nesifo sikashukela. Ngokutheleleka ngalunye, umonakalo wanda, kuze kube yilapho izinso zilahlekelwa ikhono lokuhlunga izinhlayiyana ezincane ezivela egazini.

Uma zivame ukwedlula futhi zithinta kakhulu izifo, amathuba okuba ukwehluleka kwezinso kuzophumela. Ukutheleleka kwamagciwane e-Urinary okunganakiwe kungabangela ukutheleleka kwezinso okuqhubekayo kuze kube yilapho uphathwa nge- antibiotics .

Uma izifo ezanele zinzima ngokwanele, noma zinganakiwe futhi zingaphathwa kabi, umphumela ungaba isidingo sokudayiswa kwe-dialysis noma ukufakelwa kwezinso.

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Izifo ze-Polycystic zezinso nokuhluleka kwezinso

Izifo Zezinso Zama-Polycystic

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze- polycystic isifo sezinso (PKD) . Owokuqala, i-Autosomal Dominant PKD (ADPKD), yisifo esivame ukuzuza njengefa-ingane inethuba elingama-50% lokuthola lesi sifo uma ngabe umzali uyithwala. Omunye wabantwana abazalwa ngama-500 une-ADPKD, okubangela ukuba ama-cysts akhule ezinso futhi kuholela ekuhlulekeni kwezinso kuma-50% amacala.

I-PKD e-Autosomal Recessive (ARPKD) ayitholakali kakhulu kepha ifomu elibi kakhulu lesi sifo. Bobabili abazali kumele babe yisithwala saleso sifo, futhi izingane zabo zinethuba elingama-25% lokuba ne-ARPKD. Cishe intsha engama-20 000 isifo.

Kulolu hlobo lwesifo, ama-cysts akhula ngaphakathi kwezinso, okwenza kube nomonakalo omkhulu lapho iziguli eziningi zifa ngenyanga yokuqala yokuphila.

Kulabo abasinda, ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu izodinga i-dialysis eneminyaka engu-10. Ukwenza izinto zibi nakakhulu, izingane ezine-ARPKD nazo zihlobene nezifo zesibindi ezingabangela nezinkinga zokuphila.

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I-Tumor Tumors kanye Nokuhluleka Kwezinso

I-Tumor Tumors kanye Nokuhluleka Kwezinso

Ukukhula kwesifo esiswini ezinsheni, noma umdlavuza noma onobunzima, kungabangela ukulimala okukhulu ezakhiweni zezinso. Iso elidala elivamile lilinganisa amasentimitha angu-10 ngamasentimitha angu-5, kodwa izimpumputhe ngaphakathi kwezinso zingafinyelela ngamamentimitha angu-10 ububanzi noma ngaphezulu ngaphambi kokuba isiguli sizwe imiphumela emincane.

Ngesikhathi isiguli sitholakala, ngisho noma singenayo umdlavuza, izinso kungenzeka zingasasebenzi. Kwezinye izimo, umonakalo omkhulu kangangokuthi izinso kumele zisuswe ukuze zivimbele ukulimala kwamanye amalungu, kufaka phakathi nenhliziyo. Uma izinso ezisele zingasebenzi kahle, i-dialysis noma ukufakelwa kwezinso kungadingeka.

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Izinkinga zezinso eziphelile kanye nokuhluleka kwezinso

Izinkinga zezinso ezibandayo kanye nokuguquka kwezinso

Ukungafani kwezinso ezibelethayo kuyinkinga ngezinso ezikhona ngesikhathi sokuzalwa. Ukungahambi kahle kuvela ezinhlobonhlobo ezingavamile, ukugeleza kwamanzi okuvinjiwe, isikhundla esingavamile sezinso eziphazamisa ukusebenza, noma ngisho nokuzalwa ngezinso ezilodwa kuphela. Uma inkinga inzima ngokwanele, ukwehluleka kwezinso kungabangela.

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Amatshe wezinso nokuhluleka kwezinso

Amatshe amazinso nama-Blockages wezinso

Amatshe ensolo, izinkinga ezihamba phambili (izilimo eziyizigaxa ezivumela umchamo ukuba ziphume ngaphakathi kwezinso futhi zingene kwesinye), nezinye izimo zingavimbela umchamo ukuba ungadli izinso. Ngokuvamile, inkinga iqala ezinso, kodwa kwezinye izimo ezingavamile, isisindo asikwazi ukungena lutho futhi umchamo uzobuyela emuva ku-ureters, bese ungena ezintsheni.

Uma ukuvinjelwa kunzima, izinso zilimala njengoba umchamo uqhubeka ukhiqizwa, kodwa awukwazi ukugeleza izinso. Lesi simo singaba buhlungu kakhulu futhi singabangela ukuhlinzwa ukukhulula ukwakhiwa komchamo.

Uma inkinga ishiywe ingaphathwa, izinso zingase zingasebenzi futhi zingadingeka ukuthi zikhishwe ngokuhlinzwa. Ezimweni eziningi, izinso ezingaphazamiseki zizokwazi ukukhokhela; Nokho, uma ezinye izinso zilimazekile, i-dialysis noma ukufakelwa kwezinso kungadingeka.

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Izingozi Zezinkinga Zokuhluleka Kwezinso

Ukuhluleka Kwezinso: Ubani Osesengozini?

Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ngokuphindaphindiwe ukuthi abase-Afrika-baseMelika bangase badinga ukwelashwa kwezinkinga zezinso, kulandelwa amaMelika aseMelika, ama-Asian / Pacific Islanders. Abantu baseCaucasus kungenzeka ukuthi banesifo sokuqeda isiteleka sokugcina, kanti izinga lezifo liphansi izikhathi ezine kunabamnyama.

Umehluko emalini wezifo kubhekwa ezintweni eziningana, kuhlanganise namazinga aphezulu e-sikashukela kwezinye izinhlanga, ukufinyelela ekunakekelweni kwezempilo, ukuzimisela ukulawula izifo ezinjengezinga eliphezulu legazi, kanye nokukwazi ukukhokhela imithi ebalulekile.

Amadoda atholakala ukuthi ahluleke kakhulu kwezinso kunabesifazane - cishe iziguli ezingama-55% zingamadoda. Isilinganiso sesifo siphakeme kakhulu phakathi kweminyaka engama-45 kuya ku-64, ubudala lapho isifo sikashukela nezinye izifo sesineminyaka eminyaka ukulimaza izinso.

_Imithombo:

_{Izifo Eziholela Ekutshaleni. Ukuguqula Ukuphila. 2008. http://www.transplantliving.org/beforethetransplant/diseases/default.aspx}

_{Izibalo, i-United States Renal Data System. 2007. http://www.usrds.org/2007/ref/A_incidence_07.pdf}