Ama-red red cells, aziwa nangokuthi yi-PRBCs noma amane "amaseli alayishiwe", awuhlobo lomkhiqizo wegazi osetshenziselwa ukumpontshelwa igazi . Uma isiguli sidinga igazi, kunezinhlobo eziningi zegazi ezithathelwanayo ezitholakalayo. Udokotela uzokwenza ukhethe ukuthi yikuphi uhlobo lokushintshwa kwegazi olunikezwayo.
Amaseli abomvu aphakanyisiwe ngokuvamile anikezwa ezimweni lapho isiguli siphelelwe yigazi elikhulu noma une-anemia ebangela izimpawu eziphawulekayo.
Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi uma bethola igazi, bathola igazi eliphelele ngoba yilokho abakwenzayo egazini legazi. Igazi elilodwa elilinikayo, elibizwa ngokuthi "igazi lonke," linama-plasma kanye nezinsimbi ezibomvu zezingqamuzana zegazi. I-plasma yingxenye yetshezi yegazi futhi iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka embala futhi yenza 55% wevolumu yegazi. Amangqamuzana egazi abomvu akha i-45% yegazi futhi yimibala ebomvu abantu abaningi abacabanga ngayo lapho becabanga ngegazi.
Leli gciwane lonke aliketshenziselwa ukudluliswa ngaphandle uma isiguli sidinga inani elikhulu legazi ukulwa nokulahlekelwa kwegazi okukhulu. Esikhundleni salokho, amangqamuzana egazi abomvu agcwele, aphelele igazi ngaphandle kwengxenye ye-plasma, ivame ukunikezwa.
Kungani Amaseli E-Red Red?
Amangqamuzana egazi abomvu ayadingeka empilweni enhle futhi angalahleka ngenxa yokuhlukumezeka (ukushaya kwesibhamu, ingozi yemoto), ukuphuma kwangaphakathi, noma izinkinga zempilo ezifana ne-anemia ebalulekile.
Amangqamuzana egazi elibomvu athatha i-oxygen emaphashini aya emathanjeni omzimba. Ukunquma ukuthi ukunikezelwa kwegazi kufanele kunikelwe yini, ukuhlolwa kwegazi okubizwa ngokuthi inani eliphelele legazi (CBC) lenziwe.
Umuntu odinga amangqamuzana abomvu wegazi ngokuvamile uzizwa ebuthakathaka futhi angase azizwe engaphefumuli ngomsebenzi omncane. Ngaphambi kokumpontshelwa okudingekayo, isiguli singase sibonakale siphukile futhi sizizwa sidinwe.
Bangase bazizwe benesizungu, bangase bazizwe sengathi inhliziyo yabo "igijima" noma banenkinga yokugxila.
Ukuphenywa Kwamaselula Egazi Elibomvu
Igazi eliphelele aliketshenziselwa ukudluliswa, kunalokho, isici isiguli sidinga sinikezwa. Isiguli singase sithole i-plasma, noma amaseli aphuzi egazi, noma uma kunesidingo kokubili singanikezwa.
Emva kokunikezwa ngegazi kuqoqwe, izingxenye zihlukaniswa ku-centrifuge, bese kuthiwa inani elincane le-anticoagulant ligcinwe ukugcina amangqamuzana egazi abomvu aqoqiwe ekugcineni. Igazi ligcinwe esiqandisini futhi lihle cishe izinsuku ezingu-42 kusukela ngosuku lomnikelo.
Ama-PRBC kufanele afanelwe nomamukeli, okusho ukuthi uhlobo lwegazi lomnikezeli nomamukeli kumele luhambisane. Uma igazi lingalingani kahle, umphumela ungaba ukusabela okusongela ukuphila, ngakho-ke umdlalo uvame ukuhlolwe kabili ngabasebenzi labasebenzi kanye nabahlengikazi okungenani.
Cishe esinye seziguli eziyisikhombisa esibhedlela sidinga ukumpontshelwa igazi. Amathuba okudinga ukumpontshelwa igazi aphakeme uma ehlinzwa, futhi ungatshelwa ngaphambi kwenqubo oyodinga igazi. Ezinye iziguli zikhetha ukugwema ukumpontshelwa uma kungenzeka noma zibe nezinkolelo zenkolo ezivimbela ukumpontshelwa igazi.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukuhlinzwa ngaphandle kwegazi , iqembu lamasu elisiza iziguli ukugwema noma ukunciphisa isidingo segazi ngokuvamile lenziwa lezi ziguli.
Ukuphepha kwe-Blood Supply
Ukuhlolwa okujulile kwenziwa ukuvimbela igazi elingcolile ekufinyeleleni kwegazi. Ukuhlolwa kokuqala kwenziwa ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi umnikezeli awunayo izimo zezokwelapha noma ukuziphatha okuyingozi okuwenza ukunikela ngegazi kungabi buwula. Umnikeli uhlolwe futhi ngezifo zamanje, ezifana nokubandayo noma umkhuhlane noma ukutheleleka (ingozi yokusakaza isifo kumamukeli). Uma igazi seliqoqwe, lihlolwe izifo ezithathelwanayo, kuhlanganise nesifo sofuba nesandulela ngculaza.
Ukunikezwa kwegazi e-United States kungenye yephephile kunazo zonke emhlabeni, noma kunjalo, uma ukhona ezweni elingaphandle kwe-US, izinga lokuphepha lingashintsha kakhulu. Kwelinye izwe, ungase ube nobunzima ukuthola igazi (ukunikezwa okulinganiselwe), ukunikezwa okungase kungabhekwa njengokuphephile, noma ukuhlolwa kungase kungabi ngokwanele.
Izindleko zokwehliswa kwegazi
Ukumpontshelwa kweyunithi eyodwa (isikhwama esisodwa) samaseli abomvu aphuzile angaba kusuka ku-$ 522 kuya ku-$ 1,183. Inombolo yamayunithi anikezwe ekumpontsheni angakwazi ukuhamba noma yikuphi kusuka kuleloyunithi eyodwa kumuntu one-anemic, kuze kube ngamashumi amane noma amahlanu kumuntu ogula kakhulu ogxekayo futhi uzofa ngaphandle kwegazi ngokushesha.
Nakuba kuyiqiniso ukuthi abaxhasi abahlawuliswa ngokunikela ngegazi labo, ngaphandle kwesipho sompawu noma isiphuzo, igazi lisalokhu libiza kakhulu. Lezi zimali zisiza ukukhokhela abasebenzi abaqhuba igazi bese behamba ngegazi, izindleko zokuthutha, abasebenzi basebhange kanye nabasebenzi abahlengikazi abapha igazi.
Imithombo
Ukudluliselwa kwegazi kwamanye amazwe. I-Blood Care Foundation. http://www.bloodcare.org.uk/blood_transfusion_abroad.html
Isifundo Esisha Esishicilelwe Sithola Izindleko Zokudluliswa Kwegazi Kuphawulekayo Ngaphansi Kokulinganiselwe, Kuqala Izindleko Zokwethembeka ngo-$ 522 kuya ku-$ 1,183 Ngunombolo. PR Newswire. http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/new-published-study-finds-the-cost-of-blood-transfusions-is-significantly-under-edtimated-establishes-true-cost-at-522- kuya-1183-ngeyunithi-89909747.html
Amaqiniso Ngegazi. Ama-Blood Centres aseMelika. http://www.americasblood.org/go.cfm?do=Page.View&pid=12