Umsebenzi Wegazi Uchazwe
Uma uhlinzwa - ngisho nenqubo encane - udokotela angase alawule ukuhlolwa kwegazi. Ngesikhathi ukuhumusha ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungcono kushiywe kudokotela, kungase kusize ukuqonda ukuthi yini okuhlolwayo, nokuthi yini ebhekwa njengomphumela "ojwayelekile".
Kukhona amakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo zegazi ezingahle zenziwe ebhokisini, kodwa okuvame kakhulu kwenziwa njalo ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa nangemva kokuhlinzwa; lezi zivivinyo zivame kakhulu futhi akufanele kube imbangela ye-alamu.
Umhlinzeki ufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isiguli sisempilo engcono kakhulu yenqubo futhi ukuhlonza noma yiziphi izimo ezingabangela izinkinga ezivikelwe.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuvame ukwenza emva kwenqubo yokubheka ukuphuma kwegazi, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi izitho zisebenza kahle emva kokuhlinzwa.
Izikhathi eziningi lezi zivivinyo zenziwa njalo, ngokuvamile ebusuku emva kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu akusho ukuthi kunokulindelekile ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle, ngokuvamile lezi zivivinyo ziqinisekisa ukuthi konke kuhamba kahle ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Iziguli e-ICU zingalindela ukuba nokuhlolwa kwegazi njalo. Uma isiguli sisesithombeni, ungalindela ukuthi igazi legazi elibhekene negazi lizodonswa nsuku zonke noma ngisho nangokwengeziwe.
Izivivinyo Zegazi Ezivamile:
I-Chem 7: Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-chemical chemistry, noma iphaneli yamakhemikhali, lo mvivinyo ubheka amazinga e-enzyme ebalulekile egazini futhi ihlola umsebenzi wezinso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga le-glucose egazini litholakala kuloluhlolo futhi lingabonisa ukuthi umuntu udinga ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo kwesifo sikashukela.
Izivivinyo eziyisikhombisa ezifakwe ku-Chem 7 zihlanganisa:
- I-Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)
- I-Serum Glucose
- Creatinine
- I-Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
- I-Serum Chloride
- I-sodium ye-sodium
- I-Serum Potassium
I-CBC:
Inani eliphelele legazi, noma i-CBC, libuka amangqamuzana ahlukene awenza igazi lonke. I-CBC ingakwazi ukwazisa udokotela uma umzimba wenza inombolo efanele yesilwane ngasinye, futhi ingabonisa nezimpawu zokutheleleka kwamanje noma okwakamuva, ukuphuma kwegazi, noma izinkinga zokuvala.
Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, udokotela angase alawule lokhu kuhlola ukuze abone ukuthi ukumpontshelwa ngegazi kudingekile, noma uma isiguli siphelelwa amanzi futhi sidinga uketshezi olwengeziwe.
I-CBC ihlanganisa:
- I-White Blood Count (i-WBC)
- I-Red Blood Count (RBC)
- I-Platelet Count (i-Plt)
- I-hemoglobin
- Hematocrit
"I-H & H" ifana ne-CBC kodwa ibheka kuphela amazinga we-hemoglobin nama-hematocrit.
I-PT, i-PTT ne-INR
Lezi zivivinyo, ezaziwa ngokubambisana njengephaneli ye-coagulation, bheka ukuthi ngokushesha igazi livale kanjani. Izikhathi zokuqhaqha eziphakanyisiwe zingabangela izinkinga ekuhlinzekeni, lapho kuphuma khona ukuphuma kwegazi. Uma umphumela ubonisa izikhathi ezinzima kakhulu zokuqhaqhaza kunalokho okujwayelekile, kungase kudingekile ukubambezeleka ukuhlinzwa ukuze kuvimbele ukuphuma okuphawulekayo ngesikhathi senqubo.
Ama-enzyme we-fover
Izifundo zomsebenzi wesibindi, owaziwa nangokuthi yi-LFTs, zenzelwe ukunquma ukuthi isibindi sisasebenza ngendlela evamile. Ngenxa yokuthi isibindi sidlala indima ekususeni i-anesthesia egazini legazi elijwayelekile, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi isebenza ngendlela evamile ngaphambi kwenqubo. Izinombolo eziphakeme zingabonisa ukuthi umsebenzi wesibindi ompofu noma ukulimala kwesibindi.
Isivivinyo esengeziwe, esibizwa ngokuthi i-GGT, singanezela kuphaneli yesibindi. Lokhu kuhlola kungabonisa ukuthi kunomonakalo esibindi noma emidayeni eyungezile kodwa akucaci ukuthi hlobo luni lomonakalo okhona.
Isifundo sokusebenza kwesibindi esijwayelekile sihlanganisa:
- I-Aspartate Phosphatase (AST), eyaziwa nangokuthi i-SGOT
- I-Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), eyaziwa nangokuthi i-SGPT
- I-Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP)
- Inani le- Bilirubin
- I-Direct Bilirubin
- I-Bilarubin engaqondile
- I-albhamu
Igesi leGesi eliPhezulu
Igazi legazi elibhebhethekayo , ebizwa ngokuthi i-ABG, libuka indlela uhlelo lokuphefumula lisebenza ngayo nokuthi ingakanani i-oksijini egazini. Lokhu kuhlolwa kudinga igazi emthonjeni, ophethwe ngokugcwele ngamapayipi futhi ngokuvamile udonsela emgodini we-radial esihlakaleni. Imiphumela engavamile ingase ikhombise ukuthi igazi liphansi e-oksijeni, ukuthi isiguli siphefumula kakhulu noma sincane kakhulu (ku-ventile ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhlinza), noma ukuthi sidinga oksijeni eyengeziwe.
I-ABG ivame ukwenza okungenani kanye ngosuku lapho isiguli sisesiphethini isikhathi eside. Imiphumela isetshenziselwa ukunquma uma ngabe kukhona izinguquko ezilungiselelweni zomoya. Uma isiguli singekho ku-ICU, i-IV ekhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi umugqa wokuguqula ingase ibekwe ukwenza umdwebo wegazi ulula, ikakhulukazi uma kwenziwa njalo.
I-ABG ejwayelekile ihlanganisa:
- i-pH: Ibhalansi ye-asidi / isisekelo segazi lokugaya
- I-PC02: Ingakanani i-carbon dioxide egazini
- I-PO2: Ingakanani i-oksijini egxilile egazini
- I-HCO3: Amazinga e-Bicarbonate angase akhombise izinkinga zezinso zezinso
- O2: Kungakanani oksijini etholakalayo ukuze izicubu zomzimba zizisebenzise
I-ABG Ukuhumusha kuyinselele kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile kwenziwa odokotela noma abahlinzeki.
I-ABO Typing: I- ABO Typing yigama lezokwelapha lokunquma uhlobo lwegazi lomguli. Lokhu kwenziwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ngakho igazi linganikezwa ekamelweni lokusebenza uma kunesidingo. Ukuhlinzwa okuningi akudingi ukumpontshelwa ngegazi, kodwa izinqubo ezithile, ezifana ne-on-pump yenhliziyo yokuhlinzwa, ngokuvamile zidinga ukuphathwa kwegazi. Ungacelwa ukuthi usayine ifomu lokuvuma lokuphathwa kwegazi ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho, noma ngabe ukumpontshelwa igazi akuyona ingxenye yenkambiso yenqubo, uma kunesidingo.
I-Blood Culture nokuzwela
Umkhuba wegazi kuyinkqubo lapho isampula encane yegazi lakho idonselwa khona futhi ithathwe ebhodini lapho ifakwa emphakathini okhulayo oyinyumba othi "udla" amabhaktheriya. Isampula igcinwa efudumele futhi emva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, ihlolwe ukubona uma amabhaktheriya ekhula.
Uma amabhaktheriya ekhula, kungenzeka ukuthi amabhaktheriya afanayo akhula egazini lakho. Uma ama-bacteria ekhula, abese evezwa kuma-antibiotic ahlukene, ukubona ukuthi imiphi imithi elwa namagciwane ephumelela kakhulu ekuphatheni ukutheleleka kwakho. Lena indlela yesayense yokukhetha imithi emibi kakhulu yokutheleleka kwakho ngaphandle kokunikeza ama-antibiotic amaningi futhi uthemba ukuthi isebenza kahle.
Izwi elivela
Nakuba kuyasiza ukuqonda ngokujwayelekile imiphumela yebhu kanye nalokho abakushoyo, umhlinzeki wezempilo uya ekugcineni ekuphenduleni imiphumela futhi anqume ukuthi ungayiphendula kanjani. Ukuhumusha imiphumela yebhu yikhono elihlonishwa iminyaka, ngakho-ke ungaboni isidingo sokuqonda yonke imiqondo yemiphumela yebhu yakho. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ulalelisise lapho umhlinzeki echaza uhlelo lwabo nokuthi bangathanda kanjani ukuqhubeka nokunakekela kwakho.
> Umthombo:
> Ukuzwela ukuzwela. I-Medline Plus.