Ngokusho kwe-US National Library of Medicine, i-meningitis ichazwa njengokuvuvukala kwezicubu ezincane, ezibizwa ngokuthi i-meninges, ezungeze ubuchopho nomgogodla. I-Meningitis ifika kwesinye sezifomu ezimbili eziyinhloko: Amabhaktheriya , okubulalayo kokubili, kanye negciwane, okuyinto evamile kakhulu.
Mayelana ne-Meninges
Kanye nokuhlinzeka ngesembozo se-central central system (okuyinto, futhi, ihlanganisa ubuchopho nomgogodla,) i-mening ineminye imisebenzi emibili.
Okokuqala, banikeza uhlaka lwezemithwalo yegazi nemisipha.
Okwesibili, iqukethe uketshezi lwama - cerebrospinal , okuyisisetshenziswa samanzi esithinta ubuchopho nomgogodla, kanye nokuhambisa izakhi kanye nokususa izidakamizwa.
Ingabe i-Meningitis ikhululwa?
Nakuba i-meningitis ngokuvamile ivela ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyodwa, ingathinta noma ubani, ngokusho kwe-National Foundation for Infectious Diseases.
I-Foundation ithi ukusabalala kwe-meningitis kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa amaconsi emoyeni kanye noxhumana ngqo nomuntu onegciwane. Lokho kusho ukuthi ungenwa igciwane ngaphambi kokuba uthuthukise lesi sifo.
I-Centers for Disease Control (CDC) ithi ukuxhumana okude nomuntu one-viral meningitis kungabangela ukutheleleka ngegciwane elibangela ukugula kwabo, kepha lokhu ngokuvamile akuholeli ekutheni i-meningitis kumuntu onegciwane.
Ngokuqondene ne-bacteria meningitis iyahamba, i-Meningitis Foundation ithi abantu abangaba ngu-10% bathwala amabhaktheriya, i-meningococcus, ngaphakathi emakhaleni noma emphinjeni ngaphandle kokubonisa izimpawu noma izimpawu, futhi bangayithumela kwabanye abantu ngaphandle kokuyiqonda.
I-CDC iyanezela ukuthi "abantu abaningi 'abathwala' amabhaktheriya abasoze bagula" kuwo.
I-Meningitis ingadluliselwa kusuka komuntu kuya komuntu, kodwa hhayi ngokuxhumana okungavamile. Ukuxhumana okungavamile kufaka izinto ezifana nokuxhaphaza izandla.
Kodwa i-meningitis ingadluliselwa ngokuxhumana okuseduze.
Bobabili i-National Meningitis Foundation kanye neCenter for Disease Control (CDC) bayavuma ukuthi ukushintshanisa iminyango yokuphefumula phakathi nemisebenzi yokuxhumana eseduze njengokwanga noma ukukhwehlela komuntu ongasakaza lesi sifo.
Bathi futhi ngenkathi amabhaktheriya abangela ukuba i-meningitis iyingozi kakhulu, ayikwazi ukuhlala ngaphandle komzimba isikhathi eside.
Igciwane elibangela ukushisa lisakazeka ngokushesha kunabaktheriya abangela (ibhaktheriya) i-meningitis.
Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingase zithathelwana zibandakanya ukuxhumana okusheshayo noma okude nabantu ochitha isikhathi esiningi - ekhaya lakho noma ekunakekeleni komntanakho, isibonelo. Izingane ezincane ezingakabikho zangasese eziqeqeshwe futhi abanakekeli babo bangase badlulise ngokungazi uhlobo lwama-bacterial kanye / noma lwegciwane lesifo.
Vimbela ukutheleleka kwe-Meningitis
Ngenxa yokuthi i-meningitis isakazeka ngokuxhumana ngokuqondile ngomlomo, ukuphefumula noma ukuvambela kwamathumbu (fecal) okuvela kumuntu ophethe isifo esibangela isifo, ukugcina izinga eliphakeme lokuhlanzeka kwengqondo kungase kube yindlela ende yokuvimbela. Ngokuyinhloko lokhu kuvele kunengqondo. Ngokwesibonelo:
- Geza izandla zakho kaningi.
- Ukukhipha ama-disinfect kanye nama-tops counter ngokusebenzisa i-chlorine bleach exutshwe ngamanzi.
- Gwema ukwabelana ngezinto zokuhlanzeka njengamabhantshi amazinyo.
Futhi uma uhlala nomuntu oye waphatha lesi sifo, amaCenter for Disease Control (CDC) uthi ungadinga ukuthatha ama-antibiotic ngesisekelo sokuvimbela.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxhumana nodokotela wakho uma ucabanga ukuthi uvezwe; nakuba bobabili izinhlobo ze-meningitis zidinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha, amabhaktheriya (ngokungafani nohlobo lwe-viral) ikakhulukazi, angaba yingozi - futhi ayithathi isikhathi eside.
I-National Meningitis Foundation ithi izifo ze-meningococcal zingabulala omunye umuntu onempilo emahoreni angu-24-48.
Imithombo:
I-bacterial Meningitis. Amasevisi Ewebhusayithi Yokulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo.
I-National Foundation yezifo ezithathelwanayo. Izinkolelo Zama-Meningitis namaqiniso. I-National Foundation for Infectious Diseases iwebhusayithi. Kubuyekezwe uJulayi 2015.
I-Meningitis. I-MedlinePlus. Ilabhulali Kazwelonke Yezokwelapha yase-US. I-NIH.
National Meningitis Association. Usakazeka kanjani? Iwebhusayithi ye-National Meningitis Association. Ifinyelele ngoJanuwari 2016.