Imithetho yezwe evimbela amalungelo omakhelwane abo okufa
Kukhona ukufutheka okudlulele emaceleni womabili wempikiswano, kodwa ilungelo elingokomthetho lokukhetha ukufa liye lazuza ukuthambekela e-United States ngemithetho edluliselwe kokubili emazingeni kahulumeni kanye nesifundazwe.
Umlando Wezomthetho Wezinyathelo Zokunqoba
Umthetho wokuqala wadluliselwa ezingeni likahulumeni elibhekele ilungelo lomguli lokukhetha ukuqhubeka nokuphila, noma ukufa kwabizwa ngokuthi uMthetho Wokuzibophezela Patimende , odluliswa ngo-1991. Lo mthetho wanikeza izakhamizi zaseMelika ilungelo lokuthuthukisa iziqondiso ezisekelwe ngokusemthethweni ezichazayo ukuthi okuyinto zokwelapha ezisekela impilo abazoyamukela ezimweni ezinzima nezibunzima. Lokhu kungafinyelelwa ngemibhalo efana nokuphila, ukubuyisela ama-oda (DNR), udokotela noma ama-oda wezokwelapha ukuqeda ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo (POLST, MOLST), nabanye.
Ukufa Okumnyama Okuhlobene Nokufa Kwezenzo
Kodwa ukukhetha okuzokwenzeka kuwe uma uzithola usesimweni esibucayi (noma uma ungaqapheli ngokwanele ukuqonda lezo zimo) akufani nokwenza isinqumo esiqaphelayo nesilumayo sokuthatha impilo yakho ngokuzithandela kunokuba uhlupheke ngokugula noma inqubo yokufa.
Nakuba ilungelo lokunqaba ukwelashwa linikezwe e-United States iminyaka eminingi, ukucela ukuthi omunye umuntu akhuphule inqubo yokufa kuyindaba ehlukile, kokubili ngokomthetho nangokomthetho.
Kwezinye izimo, iziguli ezenqaba ukwelashwa zithathe izinyathelo ezingokoqobo zokufa ngokuthatha isinqumo sokungasadli noma ziyi-hydrate. Bangase bakwazi ukusheshisa ukufa kwabo ngokuzilamba ngokwabo noma ngokufa ngokoma. Lolu hlobo lokuzikhethela lungathatha isikhathi samasonto.
Kuzo zombili izimo, iziguli zikhetha ukufa ngokuzikhandla ukwenza okuthile. Lokho kuyindlela ehlukile ngokuthatha izinyathelo ngokuzithandela, ngokufaka izidakamizwa ezibulalayo noma ngokuzikhukhumeza nokufaka ama-agent athile, okungaholela ekufeni ngendaba emaminithi. Izinyathelo ezinjalo ezisebenzayo zokuzivuselela ngokuvamile zidinga usizo lomunye umuntu.
Ilungelo loMthetho Wefa Kuzo zonke i-United States
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokukhetha, ukucabangela, kanye nezinsiza zokuqeda impilo noma ngabe isiguli sihlala esifundazweni lapho imithetho iwasekela khona. Kodwa-ke, uma lezo zindlela zidinga usizo lomunye umuntu, iziguli kufanele zihlale esimweni ngemithetho esekelayo.
Kusukela ngasekupheleni kuka-2017, amahlanu athi kanti iSifunda saseColumbia senze imithetho yokufa-ne-nesithunzi.
Oregon
I-First of states ithi ukuhlanganisa ukuzibulala odokotela, okumele bafe, i-Oregon yadlulisa ukufa kwayo ngo-1997. Ivumela izakhamuzi zase-Oregon ezigule ukuzibulala imithi ebulalayo ebekiwe ngumdokotela bazisize bafe.
Labo abafisa ukuncika kulo mthetho ukuze babasize bafe kumele babe izakhamuzi zomthetho zase-Oregon, okungenani iminyaka engu-18 ubudala, abakwazi ukwenza izinqumo ezizwakalayo mayelana nokushona kwabo, futhi kumele bathole (futhi baqinisekiswe) ukuthi banokugula okungapheli kuzophela ezinyangeni eziyisithupha.
Umthetho ucacile ngokuqondene nokuthi lezo zinqubo kufanele zihlangabezane kanjani, futhi zonke iziguli ezenza lokhu kukhetho zilandelwa yizwe.
Washington
Ngo-2009, isimo saseWashington senza umsebenzi wokufa nokuhlonipha umthetho, okuvumela iziguli ukuba zicele odokotela bazo bazize bafe.
Njengoba kufana ne-Oregon, iziguli kumele zigule ukufa ngeziguli ezinyangeni ezingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha kanye nabahlali baseHulumeni waseWashington. Uma behlangabezana nalezo zindlela, bangacela usizo kudokotela ukuba abasize bathole izidakamizwa ezibulalayo ezidingekayo ukuze baqede impilo yabo.
Kunamafomu amaningi adinga ukugcwaliswa kokubili isiguli kanye nodokotela, kanye nama-timeframes okumelwe alandelwe ukugcina isicelo nokunikezela ngokomthetho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kumele kube khona ubufakazi ekufeni, futhi kukhona imithetho ecacile mayelana nokuthi obani ubufakazi bangase bangabi khona. Isibonelo, ufakazi angeke abe yisihlobo, isisebenzi sendawo yokunakekelwa kwezempilo, noma udokotela obeka noma ohambisa izidakamizwa.
Vermont
Ngenkathi ngo-2013 ka-39 we-Act 39 (Isiguli Sokukhetha Nokulawula Ekupheleni Komthetho Wokuphila), i-Vermont yaba yisifunda sesine sokudlula ukufa nemithetho yesithunzi, nombuso wokuqala engxenyeni esempumalanga ye-United States.
Izidingo zeziguli ezifuna ukuthola udokotela wokuzisiza ziyafa zifana nezinye eziye zadlulisela imithetho enjalo, kodwa inqubo ibonakala icacisiwe ngokucacile kwiwebhusayithi yabo kunezinye izifunda.
California
Ngonyaka ka-2015, isimo saseCalifornia sagula uMthetho wabo wokuPhepha kokuPhila futhi saqala ukusebenza ngoJuni 2016. Umthetho omusha waseCalifornia ulandela ngokulandela u-Oregon Ukufa noMthetho Wokuhlonipha ngezinye izinguquko.
Colorado
I-Colorado idlulise uMphakamiso 105, uMthetho Wokuphela Kwezokuphila, ngo-2016. Uqale ukusebenza ekupheleni kuka-2016. Usebenza kubantu abaguga ngokuphawula ngezinyanga eziyisithupha noma ngaphansi ukuze baphile. Odokotela bangase banikeze imishanguzo yezosizo lwezokwelashwa ezisekelwa yiyo ngaleso sikhathi.
Isifunda saseColombia
IsiFunda saseC Columbia DC Death and Dignity Act saqala ukusebenza ngoFebhuwari 18, 2017, futhi ukuqaliswa kwaqala ngoJuni 6, 2017. Nokho, kungabonakala ukuthi umthetho wesabelomali wesifundazwe awuxhasi izimfuneko zokubika.
Umthetho olindile nokucaciswa eMontana nakwamanye amazwe
INkantolo Ephakeme yaseMontona inqume ngo-2009 ukuthi akukho mthetho wombuso owenqabela udokotela ukuba ahloniphe isicelo sesiguli esigulayo, esifanele ngokwengqondo ngokumisela imithi yokusheshisa ukufa kwesiguli. Imizamo yokwahlulela ngokomthetho ukwenza lokhu kungemthetho noma ayilawule ihlulekile ngo-2013 no-2017.
Izifunda eziningi ezengeziwe zicabangela imithetho efanele yokufa. I-ProCon.org igcina uhlu lwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nesimo sabo ilungelo lokufa.