Nsuku zonke, iziguli zibhekene nesinqumo sokuthi bangazifaka yini noma bangabe beselashwa. Kwezinye izimo, ukwelashwa okunconywayo kuyoba umbuzo wenduduzo noma ijubane lokuphulukisa. Kwabanye, kuwumbuzo wekhwalithi yokuphila ngokubaluleka kokuphila. Ungase uzibuze ukuthi yini amalungelo akho enqaba ukwelashwa okuphakanyiswe udokotela wakho.
Kunezinhloso ezine zokwelapha- ukuphefumula, ukwelashwa, ukuphathwa, nokunakekelwa. Uma ucelwa ukuba unqume ukuthi kufanele uphathwe noma ukhethe phakathi kwezinketho eziningana zokwelapha , ukhetha lokho okucabangela ukuthi kuwumphumela omuhle phakathi kwalezi zikhetho. Ngeshwa, ngezinye izikhathi izinqumo onayo ngeke zihambise imiphumela oyithandayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unelungelo lokunqaba ukunakekelwa kuxhomeke ezimweni zesiguli kanye nezizathu ezenza ukhethe ukwenqaba ukunakekelwa.
Isibophezelo esaziwayo kanye nelungelo lokunciphisa ukwelashwa
Ilungelo lokunqaba ukwelashwa lihambisana nelinye ilungelo lesiguli-ilungelo lokuthola imvume enolwazi. Kufanele uvume kuphela ukwelashwa uma unolwazi olwanele mayelana nokuxilongwa kwakho kanye nayo yonke indlela yokwelapha etholakalayo ngokwemibandela ongayiqonda. Ngaphambi kokuba udokotela aqale noma yiluphi uhlobo lwezokwelapha, udokotela kufanele enze isiguli siqaphele ukuthi uhlela ukuthini. Kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwezokwelapha olungaphezu kwezinqubo zokwelapha ezivamile, udokotela kumele adalule ulwazi oluningi ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze wenze isinqumo esinolwazi mayelana nokunakekelwa kwakho.
Lapho isiguli sesinele ngokwanele mayelana nezinketho zokwelashwa ezinikezwa udokotela, isiguli sinelungelo lokukwamukela noma ukwenqaba ukwelashwa ngezizathu ezimbili:
- Isiguli sinenkululeko yokunquma ukuthi yini udokotela noma omunye ochwepheshe wezempilo ozokwenza futhi angeke akwenze.
- Kuyinto engafanele ukuphoqa umzimba noma ukuphoqa isiguli ukuba sithole ukwelashwa ngokumelene nentando yakhe uma enengqondo ehlakaniphile futhi engqondweni engakwazi ukwenza isinqumo esinolwazi.
- Uma ukufaneleka kwesiguli kungabaza, udokotela anganika ulwazi kumgcini oqokwe ngokomthetho noma ilungu lomndeni elikhethwe isiguli ukwenza izinqumo zesiguli.
Okungaphandle kwesokudla sokunqanda ukwelashwa
Kodwa-ke, kunezinye iziguli ezingenalo ikhono elingokomthetho lokuthi cha ukukwelashwa . Iningi lalezi ziguli alikwazi ukwenqaba ukwelashwa, ngisho noma isifo esingesongela impilo noma ukulimala.
- Isimo sengqondo esiphezulu : Iziguli kungenzeka zingenalo ilungelo lokunqaba ukwelashwa uma zinesimo sengqondo esishintshile ngenxa yobuthi nezidakamizwa, ukulimala ebuchosheni, noma ukugula kwengqondo.
- Izingane : Umzali noma umlondolozi akakwazi ukulahla ukwelashwa okusekela impilo noma ukuphika ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha kusuka kwengane. Lokhu kubandakanya labo abanezinkolelo zenkolo ezidambisa izindlela ezithile zokwelashwa. Abazali abakwazi ukucela ilungelo labo enenkululeko yenkolo ukwenqaba ukwelashwa kwengane.
- Usongo emphakathini : Ukwenqaba ukwelashwa kwesiguli ngeke kube yingozi emphakathini. Izifo ezikhulumayo, isibonelo, zizodinga ukwelashwa noma ukuzihlukanisa ukuze kuvimbele ukusakazeka emphakathini jikelele. Isiguli esigula ngengqondo yisinye isibonelo sesiguli esingenakwenqaba ukwelashwa uma umuntu ebeka usongo ngokomzimba kuye noma kwabanye.
Ezimweni zesimo esiphuthumayo, imvume ekwaziswa ingahle ihambe uma ngabe ukwelashwa okusheshayo kuyadingeka impilo yomgudu noma ukuphepha.
Izinqumo ezingelapheki-zokwelashwa ezisongela impilo
Iningi leziguli e-United States zinelungelo lokunqaba ukunakekelwa uma ukwelashwa kunconywa ngesifo esingesongela impilo. Cishe ukhethe lokhu ngaphandle kokuqaphela. Mhlawumbe awuzange ugcwalise imithi kadokotela, wakhetha ukungatholi ukuguqulwa komkhuhlane , noma wanqume ukuyeka ukusebenzisa amathanga ngemuva kokufaka isikhumba.
Ungase uphinde uzame ukulahla ukwelashwa ngezizathu ezingokomzwelo eziningi. Mhlawumbe uyazi ukuthi kuyoba buhlungu noma wesaba imiphumela emibi. Akukho lutho olungekho emthethweni mayelana nokukhetha ukulashwa nganoma iyiphi yalezizathu. Ziyizinqumo zomuntu siqu, ngisho noma zingekho izinqumo ezihlakaniphile njalo.
Ukunqatshwa kokuphela kokunakekela impilo
Ukukhetha ukwenqaba ukwelashwa ekupheleni kokuphila kukhuluma ngokuphila-okuqhubekayo noma ukwelashwa okusindisa impilo. Ilungelo lokunqaba ukunakekelwa kokuphela kokuphila laqinisekiswa kwabaseMelika ngo-1991 ngokuhambisana noMthetho we-Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA). I-PSDA inqume ukuthi izindlu zokuhlengikaza, ama-ejensi ezempilo yasemakhaya, nama-HMO zidingwa ngumthetho wesifundazwe ukuhlinzeka iziguli ngolwazi ngokuphathelene neziqondiso ezithuthukisiwe , kuhlanganise nokungahambisani nama-oda (DNR), izinhloso zokuphila nezinye izingxoxo kanye nemibhalo. Kwaqinisekisa nokuthi amaMelika angakhetha ukwenqaba ukwelashwa kokuphila ekupheleni kokuphila.
Uma ukhetha ukungaphathwa, ukwazi ukuthi ukwenqaba kuzofinyeza ukuphila kwakho, ngokuvamile ukuthi ukhetha lokho okukholelwayo ukuthi kuzoba izinga eliphakeme lokuphila, kunokuphila okude okungase kube mnandi kakhulu. Abanye abantu, bazi ukuthi bazofa maduze, baze bakhethe ukuphelisa izimpilo zabo kunokuba babhekane nezinqumo ezizofezwa abanye.
Qaphela ukuthi uma ukhetha ukungatholi ukwelashwa kokuphila, akusho ukuthi udinga ukunakekelwa kwe-palliative, okungaqondiswa ngisho neziguli ezingafuni ukugcinwa ziphila. Ukunakekelwa kwe-palliative kugxile ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu ekupheleni kokuphila kodwa akusizi ukunweba impilo.
Ngaphambi kokuba unqume ngokumelene nokuthola ukwelashwa ekupheleni kokuphila kwakho, qiniseka ukuthi ulandele izinyathelo zokukusiza ukwenza leso sinqumo esinolwazi.
Ukwenqaba Ukwelashwa Ngezizathu Zezezimali
Ungase ucabange futhi ukwenqaba ukwelashwa uma uthola ukuthi unenkinga yezokwelapha edinga ukwelashwa okubiza kakhulu. Ungakhetha ukungasebenzisi imali eningi. Iziguli zenza lesi sinqumo uma zikholelwa ukuthi ukwelashwa akunakwenzeka. Bakhetha ukuyeka ukwelashwa esikhundleni sokukhipha ama-akhawunti abo asebhange.
Labo abahlala ezweni elinesimiso sokunakekelwa kwempilo ngenzuzo bangase baphoqelelwe ukuba bakhethe phakathi kwempilo yabo yezezimali kanye nempilo yabo engokwenyama. Abantu baseMelika bangenqaba ukwelashwa uma beyazi ukuthi kuyomthelela omubi emali yabo.
Ukusebenzisa Inkolo Ukunciphisa Ukwelashwa
OFakazi BakaJehova nabaSosayensi abangamaKristu, kanye namasonto ambalwa angabambisene nezinhlangothi ezihlukene ze-United States, bangase bazimisele ukuthola izinhlobo ezithile zokwelashwa, kodwa bavimbe noma banqabe ezinye izinhlobo ngokusekelwe ezinkolelweni zabo zenkolo. Lezi zinhlelo ezimbili eziyinhloko zinikeza iziqondiso ezicacile zokwenza lokho kuzimisela.
Abantu abadala bangathembela ekuhlanganiseni kwesonto labo kanye nezinhlelo zayo zokunqaba ukwelashwa bona uma bekhetha. Kodwa-ke, banomqondo omncane ongokomthetho uma kuziwa ekwenzeni lezo zikhethelo ezinganeni zabo. Amacala amakhotho amaningana ngokuphathelene nezingane ezinezifo ezahlukene nezidingo zezokwelapha ziye zabhekana nomthetho wokwenqaba ukwelashwa ngokususelwa kwizizathu zenkolo ngemiphumela ehlukahlukene.
Ukwazi nokusebenzisa ilungelo lakho lokunciphisa ukwelashwa kwezempilo
Thatha lezi zinyathelo uma uzama ukwenza isinqumo sokwenqaba:
- Shayela uchwepheshe owenza ukwabelana ngokuthatha izinqumo ukuze usize wenze lesi sinqumo esinzima. Inqubo yokwenza izinqumo okwabelwana ngayo ikusiza ukuthi ulinganise izindinganiso nezinkolelo zakho ngokumelene nezinketho zakho ukwenza ukhetho olungcono kuwe.
- Qinisekisa ukuthi uyiguli ovumelekile ukwenqaba ukwelashwa nokuthi awukho esigabeni lapho ukwenqaba kuvinjelwe khona.
- Thatha izinyathelo zokuqinisekisa ukuthi wenza isinqumo esinolwazi.
Izikhombisi-ndlela eziseduze
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuba isiguli sikhombise ilungelo lokunqaba ukwelashwa ukuba nomyalo osengaphambili, owaziwa nangokuthi uyintando ephilayo. Iningi leziguli eziye zathola ukwelashwa esibhedlela zine-directive esengaphambili noma eyokuphila. Le dokhumenti igcinwa efayeleni futhi ilandisa ithimba lokwelapha izifiso zesiguli uma kwenzeka bengakwazi ukukhuluma ngokwabo ngokuphathelene nokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.
Amandla Ezokwelapha Ummeli
Enye indlela izifiso zesiguli okufanele zihlonishwe ngayo ukuthi isiguli sibe negunya lokwelapha lommeli. Lokhu kuchaza umuntu ukuthi enze izinqumo egameni lesiguli uma kwenzeka bengenakuqonda noma bengakwazi ukuzenzela isinqumo.