Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe- Medicare ne- Medicaid ? I-Medicare yilabo asebekhulile nabakhubazekile, kuyilapho iMedicaid iqondene nabampofu (abanye abantu bayakufanelekela kokubili ), kodwa umehluko phakathi kukaMedare and Medicaid mkhulu kunalokho. I-Medicare ne-Medicaid ziyahlukahluka
- ngubani ongabhalisa
- ngubani ogijima
- ukuthi basebenza kanjani
- indlela abaxhasiwe ngayo
- yiziphi izinzuzo abazihlinzekayo ababhalisa
Ngubani othola i-Medicare vs. Medicaid?
Abantu abadala nabakhubazekile bathola i-Medicare; Abantu abampofu bathola i-Medicaid. Uma bobabili asebekhulile nabampofu noma abakhubazekile futhi abampofu, ungase uthole kokubili.
Medicare
Abaningi abahlomulayo abaneminyaka engu-65 noma ngaphezulu, kodwa kusukela ngo-2016, kwakunabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-9 (cishe amaphesenti angu-16 eMidare egcwele abantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-65). Laba bantu babefanelekile ku-Medicare ngoba bekhubazekile (ezimweni eziningi, kufanele uzuze izinzuzo zokukhubazeka kwezenhlalakahle iminyaka emibili ngaphambi kokuba uvumelekile ku-Medicare, kodwa kukhona okuhlukile kwabanye abantu abanesifo sengqondo sokuqeda isiteji kanye ne-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ).
Ufanelekile ku-Medicare uma okungenani uneminyaka engu-65 ubudala futhi wena noma oshade naye bakhokhela intela ye-Medicare yokukhokhwa okungenani iminyaka eyishumi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ucebile noma umpofu awunandaba; uma ukhokhela intela yakho yokukhokha futhi usudala ngokwanele, uzothola i-Medicare.
Uma kunjalo, uzothola i- Medicare Part A mahhala. Futhi kubantu abaningi, izinkokhelo ze-Medicare Part B zizungeze u-$ 130- $ 134 / ngenyanga ngo-2018 (uzokhokha amaphrimiyamu aphezulu ku- Medicare Part B no- Part D uma imali yakho engenayo ingaphezulu kuka-$ 85,000 / ngonyaka ngomuntu oyedwa, noma $ 170,000 / ngonyaka for umbhangqwana oshadile).
Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 kodwa ungakhokhi intela yokukhokhela i-Medicare ngenkathi usencane, ungase ufaneleke ku-Medicare.
Kodwa-ke, uzokhokha ama-premiums amaningi, njengoba uzodingeka ukhokhe i-premium ejwayelekile yeNgxenye B, ngaphezu kwe-premium yeNgxenye A.
I-Medicaid
Ngaphansi koMthetho Wokunakekelwa Onganakekelwayo, uvumelekile ukuba uthole i-Medicaid uma imali yakho yasekhaya ingaphansi kuka-138% wezinga lobuphofu elisemthethweni. Kodwa-ke, ezinye zezifunda ziye zalahla leli lungiselelo , futhi zigcine ukufaneleka kwazo kweMedicaid njengoba kwakungaphambi kwe-ACA, okusho ukuthi ngokungekho kokuthola imali encane, kufanele futhi ube ngumntwana, owesifazane okhulelwe, osekhulile, oyimpumputhe , abakhubazekile, noma umzali ongenayo imali encane yezingane ezincane.
Kunezi-19 ezichaza ukuthi i-Medicaid engakaze yande ukwenzela ukufihla abantu kuze kube ngu-138% wezinga lobuphofu, futhi ku-18 kubo, kunesiphakamiso sokungena (okungukuthi, akukho okukhethwa kukho okungokoqobo) kubantu abadala abangenamntwana abanenzuzo engaphansi kwezinga lobuphofu.
Leli shidi libonisa amazinga wokufaneleka e-Medicaid (ngamaphesenti wezinga lobuphofu elisemthethweni) kubantu abahlukahlukene embusweni ngamunye.
Ubani Osebenzisa I-Medicare vs. Medicaid?
Uhulumeni wesifundazwe uqhuba uhlelo lwe-Medicare Program . Uhulumeni ngamunye uqhuba uhlelo lwakhe lweMedicaid. Yingakho i-Medicare ifana neyezwe lonke, kepha izinhlelo zeMedicaid ziyahlukahluka kusuka kumbuso kuya kwesimo.
Nakuba umbuso ngamunye uhlela futhi uqhuba uhlelo lwalo lweMedicaid, zonke izinhlelo zeMedicaid kumele zihlangabezane nezindinganiso ezibekwe uhulumeni wesifundazwe ukuze zithole izimali zikahulumeni.
Amasevisi we-Medicare ne-Medicaid Services, engxenyeni kahulumeni wesifundazwe, ugijimela uhlelo lwe-Medicare. Iphinde iphinde ilandele uhlelo lwe-Medicaid lombuso ngamunye ukuqinisekisa ukuthi luhlangabezana namazinga amancane ombuso. Ukuze benze izinguquko eziphawulekayo ezinhlelweni zabo ze-Medicaid, uthi kumele ufune imvume kuhulumeni wesifundazwe ngenqubo yokuyeka.
Imiklamo Yezinhlelo Ihluke kanjani ku-Medicare vs Medicaid?
I-Medicare yinkqubo yomshuwalense ngenkathi iMedicaid uhlelo lwezenhlalakahle .
Abathola usizo lweMedare bathola i-Medicare ngoba bayikhokhela ngezintela zokukhokha ngenkathi besebenza, futhi ngezindleko zenyanga zenyanga uma bebhaliswe.
Abamukeli be-medicaid akudingeki baphinde bakhokhe intela futhi iningi labo abakhokhi imali yokukhokhela i-Medicaid (kwezinye izifunda zidinga ukuthi i-Medicaid ibhalisele ekupheleni okuphezulu kwezinga elifanelekile lokukhokha imali ukuze bakhokhele amaphrimiyamu akhethiwe). Esikhundleni salokho, imali yokukhokha intela inikeza i-Medicaid kubantu abadingayo abafanelekile ngendlela efana nezinye izinhlelo zenhlalakahle yomphakathi ezifana nosizo lwesikhashana lwezinkinga ezihluphekayo, izinsana nezingane, kanye ne-Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program.
Indlela Yokwelashwa Nokukhethwa Kokucabanga Kanjani?
Uhlelo lwe-Medicare lwaklanyelwe ukunikeza abagulayo abanezinketho eziningi zokuqapha. I-Medicare yenziwe izingxenye eziningana ezihlukene, zonke zazo ezinika umshuwalense uhlobo oluthile lwezinsizakalo zezempilo. Isibonelo, i- Medicare Part A yi-inshuwalense yezibhedlele, i- Medicare Part B ingumshuwalense wezinsizakalo zezempilo kanye nodokotela, futhi i- Medicare Part D yi-inscription yemithi yomshuwalense.
Abamukeli be-Medicare bangakhetha izinhlobo ezahlukene zemishwalense ye-Medicare ngesikhathi esisodwa , noma uhlobo olulodwa kuphela. Bangakhetha i- Medicare Advantage noma i-Medicare yasekuqaleni . Kuvamile ukuba ne-Medicare Parts A, B, no-D ngesikhathi esifanayo. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bakhetha kuphela ukuba babe ne-Medicare Part A yokubhalela ukuze kungakhokhwa amaphrimiyamu wenyanga we-Medicare Parts B no-D (kungenangqondo ukukwenza lokhu ngaphandle uma unomunye ukukhokhelwa okukhokhelwa endaweni-kungenjalo, Uzobhekana nesigwebo sokubhalisa sekwephuzile lapho ekugcineni ubhalisela izingxenye B no-D, futhi inhlawulo izohlala endaweni yakho yonke impilo yakho).
Esikhathini esidlule, izinhlelo ze-Medicaid azizange zinikeze okuningi okukhethwa ngokwemigomo yokuhlelwa kwepulani. Kodwa namuhla, iningi lisetshenziselwa ukusebenzisa izinhlangano zokunakekela ezilawulwe yiMedicaid (MCOs). Uma kunezinketho ezingaphezulu kweyodwa kwe-MCO endaweni enikeziwe yombuso, ababhalisile bangavunyelwa ukuba bakhethe okuthandayo.
Kuphi Imithi neMedicaid Ukuthola Imali Yabo?
I-Medicare ixhaswa ngezingxenye ze-Medicare intela yokukhokhwa kwezimali, okuyingxenye yi-premium ye-Medicare yomamukeli, futhi ngokuyingxenye yizintela zikahulumeni jikelele. Izintela zemali ye-Medicare kanye nama-premium zingena eziKhwameni ze-Medicare Trust. Imithetho ekhokhelwa izinsizakalo zezempilo ezitholwa yiMedricare ikhokhelwe eziKhwameni ze-Medicare Trust.
I-medicaid ixhaswa kancane kancane nguhulumeni wesifundazwe futhi ixhaswa kancane kancane ngombuso ngamunye. Kungakanani uhulumeni wesifundazwe ofaka isandla ekuxhaseni uhlelo lwe-Medicaid lombuso ngamunye kuxhomeke ekutholeni isilinganiso salabo bahlali. Uhulumeni wesifundazwe ukhokha cishe amaphesenti angaba ngu-63 wezindleko zeMedicaid, kodwa amaphesenti avela kuma-50% kuya kwamaphesenti angaba ngu-75, kuye ngokuthi uhulumeni (izindlu ezicebile zikhokha izindleko zabo ze-Medicaid, kanti amazwe ampofu athola usizo oluthe xaxa uhulumeni wesifundazwe).
Kodwa ngaphansi kokunwetshwa kwe-ACA yeMedicaid, uhulumeni wesifundazwe ukhokha isabelo esikhulu kakhulu. Kubantu abasanda kulungela iMedicaid ngenxa ye-ACA (okungukuthi, abadala abanemali engenayo kuze kube ngu-138% wezinga lobuphofu), uhulumeni wesifundazwe ukhokhele amaphesenti angu-100 ezindleko kusukela ngo-2014 kuya ku-2016. Amazwe aqala ukukhokha amaphesenti angu-5 izindleko ngo-2017, futhi lokho kwanda ngamaphesenti angu-6 ngo-2018, futhi kuzokhuphuka kube ngamaphesenti angu-7 ngo-2019. Ngemva kwalokho, kusukela ngo-2020 kuya phambili, uhulumeni uzokhokha amaphesenti angu-10 endleko futhi uhulumeni kahulumeni uzokhokha amaphesenti angu-90.
Izinzuzo Zokwelapha Nokuzicabangela Zihluke kanjani?
I-Medicare ne-Medicaid ayifuni izinkonzo ezifanayo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Isibonelo, i-Medicare ayikhokhisi ukunakekelwa kokugcina isikhathi eside njengokuhlala endaweni yokuhlala, kodwa iMedicaid ikhokha ukunakekelwa kwesikhathi eside. Izinzuzo ze-Medicaid ziyahlukahluka kusuka esimweni kuya esifundeni, kodwa uhlelo lwe-Medicaid ngalinye lombuso kufanele lunikeze izinzuzo ezithile ezincane. Izinzuzo ze-Medicare zifanayo kulo lonke izwe.
Ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nezinzuzo zikaMedare, kanye nokuthi yini ongayilindela izindleko ezingaphandle kwele ncwajana .
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinzuzo zokubheka jikelele ze-Medicaid lapha, noma uye kuwebhusayithi ye-Medicaid yakho yombuso ukuze ufunde ngezinzuzo zeMedicaid esifundazweni sakho.
Vakashela isigaba sethu se- Medicare & Medicaid ngolwazi olubanzi, olujulile mayelana neMedare and Medicaid.
> Imithombo:
> Cubanski, uJuliette; I-Neuman, i-Tricia; UDamico, u-Anthony. I-Kaiser Family Foundation. Indima ye-Medicare Yabantu Abaphakathi kweminyaka yobudala 65 abakhubazekile. Agasti 2016.
> Kaiser Family Foundation. I-Federal and State Share of Medicaid Ukuchitha. 2016.
> Medicaid.gov. Izinga lokufaneleka le-Medicaid ne-CHIP.
> Medicare.gov. Ingxenye A Izindleko.
> UkuPhathwa KwezokuThuthukiswa Komphakathi, Amaphrimiyamu E-Medicare: Imithetho Yezinzuzo Eziphezulu , ngo-2018.