Indlela uMnyango wezokuNakekelwa kwezeMpilo waseMelika ukhipha ngayo Imithi ye-Medicare
Abantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 nalabo abanokukhubazeka okuthile bathembele ku-Medicare ngezidingo zabo zezempilo. Abaningi babo bakhokhela ilungelo ngenxa yentela. Funda ukuze uqonde ukuthi yiziphi izintela ezisetshenziselwa ukuxhasa i-Medicare, obakhokhela, nokuthi basebenza kanjani. Okubaluleke nakakhulu, uMthetho wezeMpilo waseMelika ungayishintsha kanjani ukuthi ukhokhela kangakanani esikhwameni seMedare?
Ukuthi Imali Yezimali Isebenza kanjani
I-Medicare ihlehlisiwe ibe yizingxenye ezine: Ingxenye Umshwalense wezempilo , umshuwalense weNgxenye B wezempilo , Ingxenye C Medicare Advantage , kanye neNgxenye D yokudayiswa kwezidakamizwa .
Izinkokhelo ezikhokhwa kuhulumeni wesifundazwe zifakwa kwi-Medicare Trust Fund, esetshenziselwa ukuxhasa ingxenye ye-A A kuphela. Lokhu akubandakanyi ukunakekelwa kwesibhedlela sakho kuphela kodwa nezinye izinsizakalo ezifana ne- hospice , ukunakekelwa kwezinsiza zokunakekelwa kwabahlengikazi, nokunakekelwa kwezempilo ekhaya.
Ama-premium ngenyanga angahle asetshenziselwe ukuxhasa i-Medicare Part A, kodwa ngokuvamile ekhuluma, bambalwa abantu ababakhokhelayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amaprimiyamu akhululekile kunoma ubani osebenze amahora angama-40 noma ngaphezulu emisebenzini efanelekayo ye-Medicare , okusho ukuthi sebevele bakhokhele ukwabelana kwabo kwentela enhle. Abantu abasebenza ngaphansi kwezingxenye ezingama-40 bazokhokha premium zenyanga zonke ezengeziwe kwi-Medicare Trust Fund.
Ngo-2017, abantu abasebenza phakathi kwamakamelo angama-30 no-39 emisebenzini ekhokhelwa intela bazokhokhela u-$ 227 ngenyanga ngenyanga yokukhokhelwa kweNgxenye A, kanti labo abasebenza ngaphansi kwezingxenye ezingamashumi amathathu bazokhokha u-$ 413.
Izigaba ze-Medicare B ngokusebenzisa iD zixhaswe ngokuyinhloko ngokusebenzisa amaprimiyamu akho ngenyanga. Ngokungafani nengxenye A, wonke umuntu ukhokha premium yenyanga yalezi zinsizakalo. Abanye benu, noma kunjalo, bazokhokha kancane ngokusekelwe ezingeni lakho lokuthola imali.
Isamba Sokulungiswa Kwamanye Nenyanga (IRMAA)
Inani le-Income-Related Adjustment Inani (IRMAA) akuyona intela ngayinye, kodwa kuyinkokhelo eyengeziwe oyokhokha izingxenye B no / noma D uma imali yakho ingaphezulu kwezinga elithile.
Izimali zihamba ngqo kuMedare, hhayi kwinkampani yomshuwalense wangasese oxhasa uhlelo lwakho lweMedricare, futhi luzosekelwe kumholo wakho ophelele oshintshiwe noma i-MAGI.
Imali engenayo yakho isekelwe kumholo wakho (kufaka phakathi amathiphu), inzuzo evela emabhizinisini / ukutshala izimali, inzuzo eyitholile, izinzuzo zokungasebenzi, kanye nokunye okunye. "Ukulungiswa" ngokusekelwe kunoma yikuphi ukunqunywa okuvunyelwe kwe-IRS ongayenza, isib. Izindleko ezivela eminikelweni ye-IRA ekuthatheni inzalo yomfundi. Inani "liguquliwe" ngokungeza noma yiliphi imali engenayo yentela engenayo yentela onayo. Uhulumeni wesifundazwe usebenzisa i-MAGI ukuze anqume ukuthi uzokhokhisa kangakanani izintela, futhi uma ufanelekile ku-Medicaid , izikweletu zentela, noma ezinye izinsizakalo ezixhaswe nguhulumeni.
Ngenhloso ye-Medicare, i-MAGI isetshenziselwa ukunquma ukuthi uzokhokha i-IRMAA. Abantu abafaka imali engu-$ 85,000 noma ngaphansi ekubuyisweni kwentela, noma imibhangqwana eshadile efaka ngokuhlanganyela i $ 170,000 noma ngaphansi, ngeke ikhokhe i-IRMAA. Uma uhola ngaphezu kwala mazinga, uzokhokhiswa ngaphezulu.
Ngo-2017, i-Medicare Part B IRMAA ingama- $ 53.30, i-$ 133.90, i-$ 214.30, ne-$ 294.60 ngenyanga uma ungena kubakaki abathola imali engenayo. Ku-Medicare Part D, i-IRMAA i-$ 13.30, i-$ 34.20, i-$ 55.20, ne-$ 76.20 ngenyanga.
Ama-brackets angenayo afanelekayo we-IRMAA aqala ngo-$ 85,001- $ 107,000 amafayili angashadile no-$ 170,001 kuya ku-$ 214,000 yamafayili ahlangene.
Ziya phezulu ku-$ 214,000 no-$ 428,000 ukuze zifakwe ngokulandelana ngokulandelana.
Ngerekhodi, Ingxenye B IRMAA yaqaliswa ngumthetho we-Congressional ngo-2007, kanti i-Part D IRMAA ngo-2011 njengengxenye yoMthetho Wokunakekelwa Okunganakekelwa , i-Obamacare .
I-Medicare Tax
I-Medicare Tax ivela ngo-1966 futhi isetshenziselwa imali eyitholile, isuse noma yikuphi ukuncishiswa kwe-premium yezempilo exhaswe ngumqashi noma ezinye izinkokhelo zangaphambi kwentela. Akusebenzi ekuzuzeni izimali kanye nezinye izinzuzo zokutshala izimali. Imali evela kule ntela iya ngqo ngqo kwi-Medicare Trust Fund.
Ukukhokhela okungakanani intela kuxhomeke esimweni sakho somsebenzi.
Abantu abaqashiwe bazokhokha intela yentela edingekayo yeMedare, futhi le mali izokwehliswa ngqo kusuka ekukhokhweni kwakho. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umqashi wakho ukhokha umehluko.
Labo abasebenza ngokweqile badingeka ukuthi bakhokhe imali ephelele ye-Medicare Tax, kokubili iminikelo yomsebenzi kanye nomqashi. Kulindeleke ukuthi labo abaziqashile bakhokhe intela yabo kabili kuhulumeni noma uma bebhekene nezinhlawulo ezisheshayo.
Ngo-1966, i-Medicare Tax yaqala ngesilinganiso esincane kakhulu samaphesenti angu-0.7. Namuhla, intela yokukhokha inyuke ibe ngamaphesenti angu-2.9.
Uma uqashiwe, uzokhokha amaphesenti angu-1.45 kuphela futhi umqashi wakho akhokhe umnikelo olinganiselwe we-1,45. Uma uziqashile, unesibopho sezinga eliphelele lama-2.9%.
I-Additional Medicare Tax
Uma uhola okuningi, uzokhokha ngaphezulu.
Umthetho wezokwelapha ongenakuthenga ungeze iMareyali Eyengeziwe eyasetshenziswa ngoJanuwari 2013. Yathinta labo abathola ngaphezu kwamazinga e-MAGI alandelayo.
- Ongashadile noma oyinhloko yendlu - $ 200,000
- Ukushada ngokuhlanganyela ndawonye - $ 250,000
- Abashadile bafaka ngokwehlukana - $ 125,000
- Umfelokazi ofanelekayo (er) nomntwana othembekile - $ 200,000
Noma yiliphi imali engenayo ngalezi zinkokhelo izokhokhiswa ngamaphesenti angu-0.9 ezengeziwe intela yeMedare. Ngokungafani ne-Medicare yendabuko yentela, le ntela ikhokhwa ngokuphelele ngumsebenzi. Umqashi akenzi lutho.
Isibonelo, umuntu oyedwa ongasebenzi ohola u-$ 250,000 ngonyaka uzokhokha intela engu-1.45 emithwaleni ye-Medicare ye-$ 200,000 yokuqala kodwa intela engu-2.35 yamaphesenti (amaphesenti angu-1,45 + angu-0.9%) ku-$ 50,000 esele. Umqashi uzoqhubeka nokukhokhela amaphesenti angu-1,45 ngenani eligcwele lemali engenayo.
Uma uziqashile, uzokhokha intela yentela engu-2.9 ye-Medicare yentela kunoma iyiphi imali engenayo engaphansi kwesamba semingcele kanye ne-Supplementary Medicare Tax yamaphesenti angu-3.8 (amaphesenti angu-2,9 + no-0.9%) kunoma iyiphi imali engenayo ngaphezu kombundu.
Intela Yokuthola Imali Ephelele
Enye intela eyongezwe yi-Care Affordable Act iyisitatimende seNet Investment Income (NIIT), esaziwa ngokuthi i-Incarnable Career Income Surtax. Isebenza kubantu abahola ngaphezu kwamazinga alandelayo we-MAGI futhi abanayo imali yokuthola imali:
- Ongashadile noma oyinhloko yendlu - $ 200,000
- Ukushada ngokuhlanganyela ndawonye - $ 250,000
- Abashadile bafaka ngokwehlukana - $ 125,000
- Umfelokazi ofanelekayo (er) nomntwana othembekile - $ 250,000
Ngokuyinhloko, ingu-3.8 iphesenti ye-Medicare esetshenziselwa imali yakho yokutshala imali. Lokhu kungabandakanya izinzuzo ezithile, izinzuzo zemali, izabelo, imali yokuqasha, kanye nemali ekhokhwayo. I-NIIT ayisebenzisi ngokuqondile emholweni, imali engenayo yokuqashwa, imali yokukhokhela imali, izimpesheni, ukunikezwa kwe-akhawunti yomhlalaphansi, izinzuzo zokuvikeleka kwezenhlalakahle, inzalo ekhokhelwa intela noma izinzuzo zokungasebenzi.
I-Additional Medicare Tax ihluke ku-NIIT ngoba ayisebenzi kwinzuzo yokutshala imali. Noma kunjalo, i-IRS ichaza ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ubhekane nezintela zombili.
Uzokhokhiswa intela ye-NIIT ngokusekelwe emalini encane yentengo yakho yokutshalwa kwezimali net noma inani olidlula ngalo umkhawulo we-MAGI.
Indlela uMthetho wezokuNakekelwa kwezeMpilo waseMelika wawuyobe ushintshe ngayo Imali Yemali
Izinguqulo zangaphambilini ze-American Health Care Act (AHCA), kamuva ezibizwa ngokuthi yi-Better Care Reconciliation Act (BCRA), okuhloswe ukwehlisa intela yeMedaretha ngokuqeda i-Additional Medicare Tax kanye neNet Investment Income Tax. Lokhu kwaphakamisa ingxabano enkulu mayelana nokuphumula kwentela kwabacebile.
IKomidi Elihlangene LeziNtela libiza ukuthi ukuchithwa kweMidiyo ye-Medicare eyengeziwe kunganciphisa izimali zikahulumeni ngamaRandi 117 billion ngo-2026. Ngamadola ambalwa angena kwi-Medicare Trust Fund, uMedare uzochitha imali yawo ngo-2025 , eminyakeni emithathu ngaphambili kunalindelekile. Lokhu kuhluke ngokuqondile kuMthetho Wokunakekelwa Okungenakusiza okwenyusa ukuxazululwa kwe-Medicare ngeminyaka engu-11.
Imibiko yezezimali iphinde ikhombise ukuthi iningi labantu baseMelika ngeke lizuze kulokhu kukhishwa kwentela. Eqinisweni, izigidigidi zizothola amaphesenti angu-79 azo zonke izinkampani zentela. Ngo-2025, izigidi zemali zizozuza ngokulinganisa okulinganiselwa ku $ 50,000 ngonyaka, izigidi eziningi kuze kufike ku-$ 250,000 ngonyaka, kanye nabanikazi abaphezulu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-7 ngonyaka.
Abantu abahola imali engaphansi kuka-$ 200,000 noma imibhangqwana eshadile engaphansi kuka-$ 250,000 ngeke babone ushintsho emkhokhweni wabo.
Eqinisweni, izakhamizi eziphansi nezangaphakathi zingahlala zikhokhiswa intela efanayo, kepha izinkulungwane zezigidi zizokhokha intela ephansi kunezakhamuzi zaseMelika ezihola kancane. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi abacebile bathola ingxenye enkulu yamaholo abo ngemali engenayo engenayo. Njengoba leyo ngxenye yemali engenayo ingasakwazi ukukhokhiswa intela yi-NIT, banakho ukuvuna imivuzo emikhulu.
Njengokuqala, i-American Health Care Act / uMthetho Wokunakekelwa Kokunakekelwa KwezeMpilo okungcono wawuzokhokha intela abantu baseMelika ngenkathi kunciphisa imali ye-Medicare, uhlelo lokunakekelwa kwezempilo oludinga izakhamuzi zethu ezindala kanye ezigulayo. Ngomhla ka-13 kuNtulikazi wezi-2017, ekuphenduleni isikhalazo somphakathi, i-GOP ikhishwe inguqulo entsha yomthetho we-Better Care Reconciliation Act owayeka ukuqeda lezi zintela. Ekugcineni, umthetho awuzange udluliselwe.
Izwi elivela
Ukuxhaswa kwemali uhlelo lwezempilo olusenyakatho luya ngentengo-engcono kunazo zonke ezithandekayo kuzo zonke izingxenye zalo. Imikhakha ye-Medicare iye yasetshenziswa kusukela ngo-1966 ngezinye izintela ezengeziwe ngaphezu kweminyaka. Umgomo wukuthi ukwandise izimali zeMedare futhi uvumele abaseMelika ukuba banikele ngokuvumelana nezindlela zabo.
> Imithombo:
> HI 01101.020 I-IRMAA I-Sliding Scale Tables. Iwebhusayithi yokuPhatha kwezokuThuthukiswa komphakathi https://secure.ssa.gov/poms.nsf/lnx/0601101020. Kubuyekezwe ngo-Novemba 23, 2016.
>> Huang C, Marr C, uHorton E. House Uhlelo lwezempilo lwe-GOP ludlulisa ama-Two Medicare Taxes, Ukunikeza ukuThengiswa Kwezimali Ezinkulu Kakhulu Kwabampofu. Isikhungo kuBelget and Priorities Policy. http://www.cbpp.org/research/federal-tax/house-gop-health-plan-eliminates-two-medicare-taxes-giving-very-large-tax-cuts. Kubuyekezwe ngomhla ka-20 Mashi, 2017.
>> Imiklomelo ye-Medicare: Imithetho Yezinzuzo Eziphakeme Eziphezulu. Iwebhusayithi yokuPhatha kwezokuThuthukiswa komphakathi https://www.ssa.gov/pubs/EN-05-10536.pdf. Kushicilelwe ngo-January 2017.
>> Imibuzo nezimpendulo zeMithi ekhokhelwayo eyengeziwe. Iwebhusayithi ye-IRS. https://www.irs.gov/businesses/small-businesses-self-employed/questions-and-answers-for-the-additional-medicare-tax. Kubuyekezwe i-Disemba 6, 2016.
>> Imibuzo nezimpendulo kwiNtela Yentela Yenzuzo Yokutshala Imali. Iwebhusayithi ye-IRS. https://www.irs.gov/uac/newsroom/net-investment-income-tax-faqs. Kubuyekezwe ngo-Okthoba 13, 2016.