I-Tinnitus yigama lokuzwa umsindo ongahlali emvelweni. Abanye abacwaningi baye baphinde bachaza ama-tinnitus ngokuthi "umbono wokucwaninga we-phantom." Abantu abanama-tinnitus bavame ukuchaza njengokukhala, ukugubha, ikhilikithi, ukuzwakala, nokuhlehlisa, nakuba ezinye izincazelo eziningi zisetshenzisiwe. Ukuzwa amasampuli aphilisayo afinyelela kwi-website ye-American Tinnitus Association, lapho beqoqa amafayela okubonakaliswa okungafani kwezintathu ukulalela ngezinjongo zemfundo.
I-tinnitus iyajwayelekile; abantu abangaba yizigidi ezingama-30 baseMelika banesimo. Kulezi zigidi ezingu-30, i-20% ibika ukuthi ikhutshaziwe yiyo. I-audiologist ingase ihlole abantu ababili ababika ukuphakama okufanayo nokuvama kwama-tinnitus kodwa umuntu oyedwa ubhekene nakho kanti omunye uyayibona.
I-tinnitus ikholelwa ukuthi ibangelwa ukulimala kwangaphakathi kwe-cell ears. I-Cilia endlebeni yakho yangaphakathi ihamba ngokuhambisana nokucindezela kwamaza omsindo. Lokhu kushukumisela lawa maseli ukukhulula isignali kagesi ngamagundane avela endlebeni yakho (nerve auditory) kuya ebuchosheni bakho. Ubuchopho bakho buhumusha lezi zimpawu njengomsindo. Uma izinwele ngaphakathi kwendlebe yakho yangaphakathi zigobile noma ziphukile, zingakwazi "ukuvuza" imiqondo engavamile kagesi ebuchosheni bakho, kubangele ukubola.
Into ebalulekile okumele uyikhumbule mayelana ne-tinnitus yukuthi impendulo yochungechunge kulezi zibonakaliso zikagesi ezingahleliwe inqume ukuthi umuntu ungacasuliwe yini noma cha. Ucwaningo lwe-Magnetoencephalography (i-MEG, olufushane) lisetshenziselwe ukutadisha ama-tinnitus nobuchopho.
I-MEG isebenzisa iqiniso lokuthi ngaso sonke isikhathi ama-neurons athumela izibonakaliso zomunye nomunye, amandla awo kagesi adala insimu encane magnetic. I-MEG ivumela ososayensi ukuthi bathole amaphethini okushintsha okunjalo emisebenzini ebuchosheni izikhathi ezingu-100 ngomzuzwana. Lezi zifundo zibonise i-tinnitus ithinta lonke ubuchopho futhi zisiza ekuqondeni ukuthi kungani ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa ziphumelela kakhulu kunezinye.
Izimbangela ezivamile
- Khipha ukukhala . Ukuvelela emisindo enkulu kungalimaza amangqamuzana angwele izinwele, okuyingxenye yendlebe yangaphakathi. Lezi zinwele zezinwele azikhuli emuva uma zilimazekile. Ngisho nokuvezwa okufutshane emisindweni ephakeme kakhulu, njengokubhamu, kungalimaza ezindlebeni futhi kubangele ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa okungapheli. Izinkathi ezinde zokuvezwa kwemisindo ephakamisa ngokulinganayo, njengomsindo wefektri noma umculo odlalwa nge-earphone, kungabangela umonakalo omkhulu kakhulu endlebeni yangaphakathi, ngokulahlekelwa ukuzwa okuqhubekayo kanye ne-tinnitus. Ukulalela imisindo ephakanyisiwe yamahora ngesikhathi esencane kubhekana nengozi enkulu yokuthuthukisa ukulahlekelwa kwezindlebe kanye ne-tinnitus kamuva ekuphileni.
- Imithi . Eminye imithi iyaziwa ngokuthi i-ototoxic ngenkathi abanye bebeka uhlu lwezintambo njengomphumela ohlangothini ngaphandle kokudala ukulimala okungapheli ezakhiweni zezindlebe. Imithi emisha iphuma kaningi kangangokuthi kunzima ukugcina uhlu olusesikhathini; enye inketho, uma unenkinga yezifo futhi unesifiso sokuthi ingaba imithi yakho, ukukhuluma nommithi wakho noma ukubheka imiyalelo yakho ethize nge-intanethi ngokusebenzisa iwebhusayithi ethi www.drugs.com. Akufanele neze unqabe imithi ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho, noma ngabe ucabanga ukuthi kungase kube negalelo lakho.
- Ukulahlekelwa kokuzwa kwe-age .
- I-earwax ivimbela umsele ongasindlebe . Uma i-earwax eningi kakhulu iqoqa, kuba nzima kakhulu ukuhlanza ngokwemvelo, okwenza ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa noma ukucasuka kwe-eardrum, okungaholela emanzini.
Izizathu Ezincane Ezivamile
- Isifo sikaMeniere . I-tinnitus ingaba isibonakaliso sokuqala se-Meniere's disease, i-inner disorder disorder okungase ibangelwe ukucindezeleka okungavamile kwendlebe yomswakama ongaphakathi. Ukuzizwa komlomo, ukuqina kwe-vertigo nokulahleka kokuzwa yizinye izimpawu zesifo sikaMeniere.
- Amathambo endlebe ashintsha . Ukwehla kwamathambo e-ear ear (i-otosclerosis) kungathinta ukuzwa kwakho futhi kubangele ama-tinnitus. Lesi simo, esibangelwa ukukhula kwethambo okungavamile, sivame ukugijima emindenini.
- Izinkinga ze-TMJ . Izinkinga ngombuthano we-temporomandibular, okuhlangene ngakwesokunene kwekhanda lakho phambi kwezindlebe zakho, lapho umhlathi wakho ophansi uhlangana ne-skull yakho, ungabangela izinhlamvu.
- Ukulimala kwekhanda noma ukulimala kwentamo . Ukuhlukunyezwa kwekhanda noma kwentamo kungathinta indlebe yangaphakathi, ukuzwa kwemizwa noma umsebenzi wobuchopho ohlangene nokuzwa. Ukulimala okunjalo ngokuvamile kubangelwa ama-tinnit in indlebe eyodwa kuphela.
- I-Acoustic neuroma . Lesi sifo esingenangqondo (sinobuhlungu) siqala emgogodini we-cranial ogijima ebuchosheni bakho kuya endlebeni yakho yangaphakathi futhi ulawula ukulinganisela nokuzwa. Futhi okuthiwa i-vestibular schwannoma, lesi simo ngokuvamile sibangelwa ama-tinnitus endlebeni eyodwa kuphela.
Uma unenkinga ye-tinnitus, kubalulekile ukuba nokuhlolwa okuphelele kokuzwa. Kwezinye izimo, isazi se-audiologist sakho sizokutshela ochwepheshe be-ENT ukulawula izimo ezikwelapha ezidinga ukwelashwa ngaphambi kokuxoxa ngezinketho zokwelashwa nawe.
> Imithombo:
Ama-Tinnitus: Ukukhala ngezindlebe nokuthi benzeni ngakho. I-Harvard Health Publications.
I-American Tinnitus Association. Mayelana ne-Tinnitus.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Tinnitus. I-American Academy ye-Audiology .
Zimmer, uCarl. (2010, Okthoba 27). Ukukhala ngezindlebe kuhamba kakhulu. Thola uMagazini.
I-Wright EF, i-Bfano SL. Ubuhlobo phakathi kwe-Tinnitus ne-Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD) Ukwelapha. Int Tinnitus J. 1997; 3 (1): 56-61