I-pneumonia ingabangelwa yi-virus noma amabhaktheriya, njenge:
- Igciwane lesifo se-syncytial ( RSV )
- umkhuhlane
- i-metapneumovirus yabantu (hMPV)
- i-coronavirus
- i-parainfluenza virus
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- I-Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Nakuba ezinye izifo ezingamagciwane zingelashwa ngama- antibiotic futhi zivinjelwe nemigomo, ayikho yokwelapha yezimbangela eziningi ezibangelwa yi-pneumonia.
Yize i-pneumonia iyimbangela enkulu yokufa kubantwana emhlabeni wonke, ngenxa yokusetshenziswa okunamandla kwemithi yokugoma, ukutholakala okulungele ukunakekelwa kwempilo, nokutholakala kwama-antibiotic uma kudingeka, ukukhubazeka okungenakwenzeka kakhulu ukuba kube esongela ukuphila emazweni athuthukile.
Kusabalulekile ukufunda ukuthi ukwazi ukubona izimpawu ze-pneumonia, kodwa, kokubili ukuze ungasheshi kudokotela wezingane zakho njalo lapho ingane yakho isanda kubanda futhi ukuze uthole usizo lwezokwelapha uma unesifo se-pneumonia.
Izimpawu ze-Pneumonia
Ngemuva kokuthola izibonakaliso zokutheleleka okuphefumula okuphefumulayo okuphezulu, njengengculazi ephuthumayo nokukhwehlela okuncane, izingane ezihlakulela i-pneumonia (ukutheleleka okuphefumulayo okuphansi) zingase zenze kabi ngokuzumayo futhi zenze ezinye izimpawu nezimpawu, kufaka phakathi:
- ukuhogela ukukhwehlela
- umkhuhlane
- ukwandisa izinga lokuphefumula (i-tachypnea)
- isondo (ngokuvamile isibonakaliso se-pneumonia egazini)
- kunciphise imisindo yokuphefumula
- ama-crackles
- ubuhlungu besifuba
- ubuhlungu besisu
- ukuhlanza
Uyazi kanjani ukuthi ingane yakho iphefumula noma inyuke izinga lokuphefumula?
I-World Health Organization ichaza i-tachypnea njengesilinganiso sokuphefumula okungaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-50 ngomzuzu ngezinsana ezinyangeni ezimbili kuya kwezingu-12 ezinyangeni ubudala, ngaphezulu kwemiphefumulo engu-40 ngomzuzu kubantwana abaneminyaka eyodwa kuya kwemihlanu ubudala, nokuphefumula kuka-30 ngomzuzu ngabantwana ngaphezu kweminyaka emihlanu.
Nakuba ngokuvamile kungadingekile ukuhlolisisa i-pneumonia, i-x-ray yesifuba ingabonisa ukungena emaphashini uma ingane yakho inesifo se-pneumonia.
Izimpawu ze-Pneumonia ye-Flag Flag Red
Ezinye izimpawu ze-pneumonia ezibomvu ze-flag zingase zibonise ukuthi ingane yakho idinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo, okufaka:
- ukuphefumula ngokushesha
- ukuphelelwa umoya
- ukuhoxiswa (ukuphefumula okusebenzayo)
- ukuphosa komzimba
- i-cyanosis
- izimpawu zokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi
Izingane ezinalezi zinhlobo zezimpawu ezinzima kakhulu ze-pneumonia ngokuvamile zidinga ukufakwa ezibhedlela.
Okufanele Ukwazi Ngezibonakaliso Ze-Pneumonia
Ezinye izinto ozozizwa nge-pneumonia nezimpawu ze-pneumonia zihlanganisa ukuthi:
- Ezinye izinhlobo ze-pneumonia zingavinjelwa ngemigomo, kuhlanganise Prevnar, Pneumovax, Hib, nokugoma komkhuhlane.
- I- fever ingenza ngezinye izikhathi ikhule izinga lokuphefumula, kodwa ukuphefumula kwengane yakho kufanele ibuyele evamile njengoba uthola umkhuhlane wakhe ngaphansi kokulawula.
- I-pneumonia etholakale emphakathini yigama elivamile lomuntu odala i-pneumonia futhi engakabonakali esibhedlela.
- Ukuhamba nge-pneumonia ngokuvamile kubangelwa amagciwane e- Mycoplasma pneumoniae futhi kubandakanya izimpawu ezincane zepneumonia ezinganeni ezifunda esikoleni, intsha, nabantu abadala.
Futhi, yiqiniso, khumbula ukuthi akuzona zonke izikhwehlela yi-pneumonia. Ukukhwehlela kwengane kungabangelwa i- asthma , i-bronchitis, imithi yokwelapha , i- reflux , nezinye izinto eziningi ezithathelwanayo nezingezona ezithathelwanayo.
Imithombo:
I-Gereige Rani S. Izidakamizwa ekubukezeni Vol.34 uNombolo 10 Okthoba 2013
I-Lyhenstein R. I-pneumonia ye-Pediatric. - Emerg Med Clin North Am - 01-MAY-2003; 21 (2): 437-51
Sandora TJ. I-pneumonia ezingane ezibhedlela. I-Pediatr Clin North Am - 01-AUG-2005; 52 (4): 1059-81, viii
I-Van den Bruel A. Inani lokuhlola lezici zomtholampilo ekubonisweni ukukhomba ukutheleleka okunzulu ezinganeni emazweni athuthukile: ukubuyekezwa okuhlelekile. I-Lancet. 2010 Mar 6; 375 (9717): 834-45.