Amaprotheni e-Bence-Jones ayingxenye yamagciwane omzimba angatholakala uma usebenzisa ukuhlolwa komchamo, ngokuyinhloko ukuxilonga nokuqapha iziguli ezine-myeloma eziningi, uhlobo lomdlavuza wegazi.
I-Myeloma eminingi
I-myeloma eminingi ngumdlavuza owenza uhlobo oluthile lweseli elimhlophe elibizwa nge-plasma cell. Amaseli e-plasma amaseli enza ama-antibodies ukukusiza ukulwa nezifo.
Ukuze uthole inani elivamile lama-plasma okhiqiza ama-anti-antibody, omunye angasho ukuthi ukuhlukahluka ibhizinisi labo. Benza zonke izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-antibody amaprotheni.
I-myeloma eminingi ingenye yezifo eziningana ezingaveza "i-clone eyodwa yamaseli e-plasma." Cabanga nge-clone eyodwa njengokuthile okuhambisana nesixuku samangqamuzana amawele afanayo. Lesi sixuku asifani. I-clone eyodwa yamaseli ngokuvamile yenza ama-anti-anti-proteine afanayo.
M-amaprotheni
Lapho kuxoxwa ngamaprotheni e-Bence-Jones, amanye amagama amaningi asetshenziswa njalo, njengama-myeloma amaprotheni, ama-proteins, ama-paraproteins, amaketanga okukhanya e-immunoglobulin nama-M-spike. Lezi zindlela zonke zifana, kepha aziguquli neze.
I-'M 'e-M-amaprotheni imele i-monoclonal, okusho ukuthi ukuqoqwa kwamaprotheni kuvela ku- clone eyodwa yama-anti-generating-cell production. Lawa maseli wonke akhiqiza ama-antibodies afanayo noma izingxenye ze-antibody.
Amaketanga Okukhanya
Ama-antibodies yilokho ososayensi ababiza ngokuthi i-immunoglobulins - ukuzivikela emzimbeni ukuthi basisiza ukulwa nezifo, ne-globulin, okusho ukuthi bangamaprotheni.
Lezi zi-immunoglobulin ngokuvamile zikhulu kakhulu, kodwa zinezingxenye ezincane ezihlanganisiwe. Ama-antibodies empeleni aqukethe amaprotheni ambalwa amancane, okuthiwa amaketanga anamandla nezinketho ezilula.
Esithombeni esingenhla, ungabona i-antibody ephelele noma i-immunoglobulin ngaphambili, kodwa isilwane ngasinye sabantu abenza izingxenye ezimbalwa.
Izingxenye eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka "yizintambo ezinzima" futhi izingxenye zegolide "yizintambo ezilula." Kulesi sithombe, izibopho zokukhanya zegolide yizinto ezingase ziba amaprotheni e-Bence-Jones kumuntu one-myeloma eminingi noma esinye isimo.
I-Bence-Jones amaprotheni yiqoqo elikhethekile lalezi zingxenyana ezincane ze-antibody (izinketho zokukhanya) . Ukuba khona kwamaketanga okukhanya ngobuningi kangaka emceni akuyona into evamile. Ngokujwayelekile, inani elincane lamaprotheni wokukhanya angatholakala kumchamo. Amaketanga amancane emcinini angathuthuka ngezizathu eziningi ezahlukene, noma kunjalo, futhi akuwona wonke umdlavuza.
Amaketanga Okukhanya E-Monoclonal
Manje, esimweni se-protein ye-Bence-Jones, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lezi zibopho ezilula akuzona nje uhlobo oludala lwezinketho zokukhanya - ziyizintambo zokukhanya eziyisikhombisa.
I-Bence-Jones amaprotheni, ke-ke ...
- I-monoclonal (ivela ku-clone eyodwa yamaseli)
- Amaketanga okukhanya amancane (amakhophi amaningi eyingxenye efanayo, encane ye-antibody-part)
- Kutholakale kumchamo futhi kuhlotshaniswa nezimo ezihlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi i-myeloma eminingi.
Izimo
I-Bence-Jones amaprotheni yizinhlobo ezithile ze-M-amaprotheni, futhi zincane ngokwanele ukudlula ohlelweni lokuhlunga umzimba, izinso. Lokhu kusho ukuthi, uma lezi zibopho ezilula zivela ngobuningi, zizodlula ukusuka egazini lakho legazi ukuya emcimbini wakho.
Kunezimo eziningana lapho amaprotheni e-Bence Jones angatholakala khona emcinini womuntu, kufaka phakathi okulandelayo:
- I-myeloma eminingi - i-myeloma eningi iyinomdlavuza wegazi lapho kune-cellproduction yamaseli e-plasma - amangqamuzana avela ku-B lymphocytes emnothweni wethambo. Amangqamuzana e-plasma amangqamuzana enza ama-antibodies asivikela kwezinye amagciwane namagciwane. Phakathi kwabantu abangama-50 no-80% abane-myeloma bazoba nokuhlolwa komchamo okulungile kula ma-protein.
- I-macroglobulinemia ka-Waldenström - i-macroglobulinemia yama- Waldenstrom ngumdlavuza ongavamile okwenzeka kumaseli B (uhlobo lwegazi elimhlophe). Amaseli B ahamba ngenqubo yokuba ama-plasma akhiqiza ama-anti-cell. Kulesi sifo, umdlavuza ubonakala ku-B cell, ngaphambi kwephuzu lapho liba yilali seli le-plasma; ngakho-ke, i-macroglobulinemia kaWaldenström ihluke kwi-myeloma eminingi, kodwa lezi zimo ezimbili, ngezinye izindlela, zindlela ezifanayo, futhi zombili zingabangela amaprotheni aseBence-Jones.
- I-MGUS - i-MGUS imelela i-gammopathy yama-monoclonal yokubaluleka okungakahleleki. Lesi sifo singase sibe isandulela se-myeloma eminingi futhi sihilele ukwanda kwenani lamaseli e-plasma, kodwa ayikho enye yezimpawu ezihlobene ne-myeloma eminingi.
Ukubaluleka
Amaprotheni e-Bence-Jones akhona cishe ezigulini ezimbili kweziguli ezintathu ezine-myeloma eminingi. I-myeloma eminingi ingumdlavuza wegazi ohilela ukwenziwa ngokweqile kwamangqamuzana e-plasma. Njengoba nje umdlavuza wamaphaphu wawuyoba nesisindo esingaphezu kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza wamaphaphu angavamile, i-myeloma ihilela ukwedlula kwamangqamuzana e-plasma.
Amangqamuzana e-plasma amangqamuzana enza ama-antibodies asisize silwe nezifo. Amangqamuzana e-plasma ekhanda, kodwa-ke, akwenzi ama-antibodies ansiza ukulwa nezifo, futhi esikhundleni salokho, amangqamuzana e-plasma angaphezu kwalokho enza ama-antibodies amaningi ngokweqile.
Ukuqhathaniswa kwama-immunoglobulin emzimbeni kungaba yinkinga evela ezinhlangeni eziningi ezahlukene, enye yazo isifo sezinso . Ngokuvamile, amasosha omzimba ankulu kakhulu ukuba angahlungwa nge-tubules ezinso. Amaprotheni ama-Bence-Jones amancane ngokwanele ukungena amayunithi okuhlunga ezinso. Ezinso, la maprotheni angakha futhi abangele izinkinga zezinso. Ezinye izinhlobo zamaprotheni cishe zilimaza izinso ngale ndlela kunabanye. Kukhona neminye imiphumela yamaketanga alula kakhulu angathinta izingxenye ezahlukene zomzimba.
Uma utholakale ukuthi unesifo esibangela inani lamaprotheni amaningi okukhanya, udokotela wakho cishe uyokuqapha ngezinkinga ezihlobene. Enye yezinto ezingase zenzeke ngamaketanga alula kakhulu abizwa ngokuthi i-amyloid light-chain amyloidosis, lapho izibopho zokukhanya zihlangana ndawonye bese zakha ama-deposit of substance ebizwa ngokuthi i-amyloid, engabangela ukulimala ezinhlotsheni ezihlukahlukene.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Urine
Ukuhlolwa kwamaprotheni e-Bence-Jones kuhilela ukuqoqa umchamo wakho amahora angu-24 ukuhlola ubufakazi bamaprotheni. Amaprotheni aseBence-Jones athiwa nguHenry Bence Jones, oyisifo samakhemikhali owaqala ukuthola izakhiwo ezingavamile zalezi sampuli zomchamo phakathi no-1800. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamaketanga okukhanya - okuthiwa i-kappa ne-lambda. Uhlobo oluthile lwezinketho zokukhanya lungaba nokubaluleka komtholampilo.
Izwi elivela
Uma usanda kutholakala, thola isikhathi sokufunda ngesifo sakho bese ubuza imibuzo. Finyelela ukuthola usizo kusuka kubangani bakho nabathandekayo. Futhi ubeke ithemba. Ukwelashwa kwamagciwane egazi kuye kwathuthukiswa ngokuphawulekayo eminyakeni yamuva, futhi ukwelashwa okusha okwamanje kuvivinyo lwekliniki.
> Imithombo:
> Basile U, Gulli F, Torti E, et al. Ukuhlola indlela yokuhlola ukuhlolwa kwe-protein ye-Bence Jones. I-Clin Chem Lab Med. 2016; 54 (11): e331-e333.
> Cook L, Macdonald DHC. Ukuphathwa kwe-paraproteinemia. I-Medical Journal ye-Postgraduate . 2007; 83 (978): 217-223.
> Kyle, R., Larson, D., Therneau, T. et al. Inkambo yezokwelapha yokukhanya okukhanyayo ekhwehlela i-myeloma eminingi (idiopathic Bence Jones proteinuria): isifundo seqembu eliphindaphindiwe. I-Lancet Hematology . 2014. 1 (1): e28-36.