Izimpawu, Ukuxilongwa, Nezinqubo Zokunakekela I-Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma
Yini i-macroglobulinemia yama-Waldenstrom futhi yini okudingeka ukwazi uma uthola ukuthi unesifo?
I-Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia - Incazelo
I-Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM) uhlobo olungavamile lwe- non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) . I-WM ingumdlavuza ochaphazela i-lymphocyte B (noma ama-cell B) futhi ibonakala ngokweqile kwama-protein okuthiwa i-IgM antibodies.
I-WM ingabuye ibizwe ngokuthi i-macdenomic macrolobulinemia, i-primary macroglobulinemia, noma i-lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma.
Ku-WM, isifo somdlavuza wesifo somdlavuza senziwa kuma-lymphocyte B ngaphambi nje kokuba zikhule zibe ngamaseli e-plasma. Amaseli e-plasma anesibopho sokukhiqiza ama-anti-antibody amaprotheni. Ngakho-ke, inani elikhudlwana lala maseli liholela esilinganisweni somuthi othile we-antibody, i-IgM.
Izimpawu nezimpawu ze-WM
I-WM ingathinta umzimba wakho ngezindlela ezimbili.
Umnkantsha we-Bone uqhuma. Amangqamuzana e-lymphoma angadonsela umongo wakho, okwenza kube nzima emzimbeni wakho ukukhiqiza izinamba ezifanele zamaplatelets, amangqamuzana egazi abomvu namaseli amhlophe egazi . Ngenxa yalokho, lezi ziphutha zizokwenza izimpawu nezimpawu ezijwayelekile ze-anemia (isibalo esiphansi se-cell cell), i- thrombocytopenia (isibalo esiphansi seplatelet), ne- neutropenia (inani elincane le-neutrophil - neutrophils luhlobo olulodwa lweseli elimhlophe legazi) . Ezinye zalezi zimpawu zingafaka:
- Ukusuka okungavamile noma okungavamile, njengezinsini eziphaphayo, izivunguvungu ezingavamile, noma iziphuzo ze-nosebleeds
- Ukuzwa ukhathele ngokungavamile, noma ngabe uthola ukulala ngokwanele
- Ukuphefumula nganoma yikuphi ukuzama
- Ukutheleleka okuvamile noma ukugula okungeke kubonakale ukulwa
- Isikhumba esiphezulu
Ukungahloniphi . Ngaphandle komphumela walo emnothweni wamathambo, inani elikhulayo leprotheni ye-IgM egazini lakho lingabangela lokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-hyperviscosity.
Ngamafuphi, ukungaziphenduleli kusho ukuthi igazi liba linyene noma li-gooey futhi lingase libe nobunzima obugeleza kalula ngemithambo yakho yegazi. Ukuzikhohlisa kubangela esinye isethi sezimpawu nezimpawu ezibandakanya:
- Izinguquko embonweni, njenge-blurriness noma ukuwohloka kombono
- Izinguquko zesimo sengqondo, njengokudideka
- Isizungu
- Izinsizwa
- Ubumbulu noma ukubetha ezinyaweni noma ezandleni
Njengezinye izinhlobo ze-lymphoma, amangqamuzana omdlavuza angaba khona kwezinye izindawo zomzimba, ikakhulukazi esitebeleni nesibindi, futhi abangela ubuhlungu. Ama- lymph nodes angavuvukala angase abe khona.
Kumele ukhumbule ukuthi lezi zimpawu nezimpawu zingase zibe ezicashile futhi zingaba khona kwezinye izimo eziningi ezingathí sina. Uma unenkinga mayelana nanoma yiziphi izinguquko empilweni yakho, kungcono kakhulu ukubonisana nodokotela wakho noma umhlinzeki wezempilo.
Yini eyenza i-WM?
Njengawezinye izinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza, aziwa ukuthi yini ebangela i-WM. Kodwa-ke, abacwaningi baye baveza ezinye izinto ezibonakala zivame kakhulu kubantu abanesifo. Izici ezikhona eziyingozi zihlanganisa:
- Ubuneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-60
- Umlando wesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-monoclonal gammopathy yokubaluleka okungakahleleki (MGUS)
- Umlando we-WM emndenini wabo
- Ukuba nesifo sofuba lwe- hepatitis C
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-WM ivela emadodeni kaningi kunabesifazane, futhi kubantu baseCaucasia kaningi kunabaseMelika baseMelika.
Ukuthola i-WM
Njengoba kunezinye izinhlobo zegazi nomdlavuza weMarrow, i-WM ivame ukutholakala isebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi kanye ne- bone marrow biopsy kanye ne-aspirate .
Ukubala okuphelele kwegazi kungabonisa ukwehla kwezinombolo zamaseli egazi aphilile ajwayelekile, njengama-red cells, amaplatelets, namaseli amhlophe egazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlola kwegazi kuzobonisa ukwanda kwenani leprotheni ye-IgM.
I-bone yomnkantsha i-biopsy ne-aspirate izohlinzeka imininingwane mayelana nezinhlobo zamaseli emnkantsheni, futhi isize udokotela ahlukanise i-WM nezinye izinhlobo ze-lymphoma.
Ukwaziswa kanjani i-WM?
I-WM uhlobo olungavamile kakhulu lomdlavuza, kanti abacwaningi basenendlela ende yokufunda mayelana nezinketho ezahlukene zokwelapha ezitholakalayo, nokuthi ziqhathaniswa kanjani nomunye ngokulandela ukusebenza kwazo. Ngenxa yalokho, abantu abasanda kutholakala ukuthi bane-WM bangakhetha ukuhlanganyela ekuvivinyweni kokwelashwa ukusiza ososayensi ekuqondeni kabanzi ngalesi simo.
Ayikho ikhambi elaziwa nge-WM ngalesi sikhathi, kodwa kunezinketho eziningi ezibonise impumelelo ethile ekulawuleni lesi sifo.
- I-Plasmapheresis: Inani elingavamile kakhulu le-IgM egazini lingabangela ukugodla noma ukuqina kwegazi. Legazi elikhuni lingenza kube nzima izakhi kanye ne-oksijini ukuba ithunyelwe kuwo wonke amaseli omzimba. Ukukhipha ezinye i-IgM egazini kungasiza ukunciphisa ubukhulu begazi. Phakathi ne- plasmapheresis , igazi legulane lisakazwa kancane ngomshini osusa i-IgM bese ebuya emzimbeni wabo.
- I-Chemotherapy ne-Biotherapy: Iziguli ezine-WM zivame ukuphathwa nge-chemotherapy. Kunezinhlanganisela eziningana zezidakamizwa ezingasetshenziswa. Ezinye zazo zihlanganisa ukuhlanganisa i-Cytoxan (cyclophosphamide) kanye ne- Rituxan (rituximab) ne-dexamethasone, noma i-Velcade (bortezomib) ne-Rituxan ne-dexamethasone. Kunezinye izidakamizwa eziningi kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwezidakamizwa ezisetshenziselwa ukuphatha i-WM kokubili ekusebenzeni nasekuhlolweni kwemitholampilo.
- Ukufakelwa Kwama-Stem Cell: Akukwazi ukuthi iyiphi indima ye- stem cell transplantation ezoba nayo ekuphatheni i-WM. Ngeshwa, ukuguga kweziguli eziningi ze-WM kunganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kokufakelwa kwe-allogeneic, okungaba nemiphumela emibi ye-toxic, kodwa ukufakelwa kwe-autologous ngemuva kokukhipha i-chemotherapy ephakeme kakhulu kungaba yindlela enengqondo futhi ephumelelayo, ikakhulukazi kulabo abaphethwe yisifo sabo .
- I-Splenectomy: Njengezinye izinhlobo ze-NHL, iziguli ezine-WM zingase zibe nephutha elikhulisiwe, noma i-splenomegaly. Lokhu kubangelwa ukwakheka kwe-lymphocytes ku-spleen. Kwezinye iziguli, ukususwa kwe-spleen, noma i-splenectomy, kungase kuhlinzeke ukuxolelwa ku-WM.
- Buka futhi ulinde: Kuze kube i-WM ebangela izinkinga, otholampilo abaningi bazokhetha "indlela yokulinda nokulinda" yokwelashwa. Kulokhu, uzoqhubeka nokuqapha ngokucophelela ochwepheshe bakho futhi ubambezeleke ukwelashwa okunamandla (kanye nemiphumela emibi ehambisanayo) kuze kube yilapho ubudinga ngempela. Nakuba kungase kube nzima ukucabanga ngokuphila kwakho kwansuku zonke nomdlavuza emzimbeni wakho futhi engenzi lutho ngalokhu, ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi iziguli eziphuza ukwelashwa kuze kube yilapho ziqala ukubhekana nezinkinga ezivela kuso azikho imiphumela embi kakhulu kunabo bantu abaqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha.
Iyifinyelela phezulu
I-Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, noma i-WM, uhlobo oluyinqaba kakhulu lwe-NHL olutholakala kuphela kubantu abangaba ngu-1 500 ngonyaka e-US. Umdlavuza ochaphazela i-lymphocytes B futhi ubangele inani elingavamile kakhulu le-anti-IgM egazini.
Ngenxa yokuthi akuvamile, futhi ngenxa yokuthi ulwazi lwethu lwe-lymphoma luyaqhubeka landa, okwamanje alukho uhlelo olulodwa lokuphathwa kokwelapha lwe-WM. Ngakho-ke, iziguli eziningi ezisanda kutholakala ukuthi zine-WM zikhuthazwa ukuba zihlanganyele ekuvivinyweni kokwelashwa ukuze zisize ososayensi bafunde kabanzi ngalesi sifo esingavamile somdlavuza wegazi, futhi banethemba lokuthi bazoba nethuba lokusebenzisa imithi manje ezoba yindinganiso ikusasa.
Imithombo
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