Izimbangela, Izingozi Zezingozi, Ukuxilongwa Nokuphathwa Kwe-Delirium
Sibutsetelo
Iziguli eziningi zididekile emva kokuhlinzwa, kepha i-delirium uhlobo oluthile lokudideka okungenzeka kwenzeka esibhedlela futhi ngesikhathi sokuthola ukuhlinzwa kusuka ekuhlinzekeni . Nakuba i-delirium ibangela ukudideka, konke ukudideka akubangelwa yi-delirium.
I-Delirium yinto yokudideka eyenzeka ngokungazelelwe. Kuyinto evamile emvelweni - uma isifo sitholwa futhi siphathwa, isiguli siyabuyela ezingeni elivamile lokucabanga.
Isiguli esididekile nsuku zonke sizodideka kakhulu, futhi ezimweni eziningi, sizobuyela ezingeni labo elivamile lokudideka ngemva kokuba i-delirium ixazululwe.
Izingozi Zezingozi
Ngesikhathi noma ubani engakwazi ukuthuthukisa i-delirium, amaqembu athile angase akwazi ukuthuthukisa i-delirium esibhedlela. Ubudala budlala indima, kodwa ubukhulu bokugula okwamanje, izinga elijwayelekile lesiguli lomsebenzi wosuku nosuku impilo yonke yesiguli idlala ingxenye.
- Abantu abadala nabadala
- Abantu abane-dementia, Izifo ze-Alzheimer noma olunye uhlobo lwengqondo yezempilo yengqondo elinciphisa ikhono lokucabanga ngokucacile noma elidala ukudideka
- Abantu abanokucindezeleka
- Iziguli zokuhlinzwa
- Iziguli ze-ICU, iziguli ezigulayo
- Iziguli ezinokuhlala isikhathi eside esibhedlela
- Imithi eminingi
Njengoba ungacabanga, isiguli esikhulile esine-dementia esidinga ukunakekelwa okujulile sengozini enkulu kunomuntu osemusha ongenabungozi obengeziwe obesegumbini esibhedlela.
Izinyathelo zokunakekelwa okukhulu , ikakhulukazi, ziphazamisa kakhulu emigqeni evamile yokulala / yokuphumula, njengoba iziguli zihlangabezana nezibonakaliso ezibalulekile ezivame ukwenziwa, imithi ejwayelekile, ijwayele ukuguqulwa, iyayithola imithi eminingi futhi ihlala emakamelweni avuliwe ngehora . Kuleso simo ungase uzwe i-delirium ebizwa ngokuthi "i-ICU Psychosis."
Kuvame kakhulu kubantu abadala nasebekhulile kodwa kungenzeka kunoma iyiphi inhlangano yobudala. Kubuye kuvame kakhulu kubantu abanezinkinga ezithile ezingokomqondo ekuphileni kwabo kwansuku zonke, njengokudemeka komqondo.
Laba bantu abadala asebekhulile abane-dementia banengozi enkulu yokuhlaselwa ngokungazelelwe emandleni abo engqondweni ngesikhathi besesibhedlela.
Izimpawu Zokuqala
Ngaphambi kokuba isiguli siqale ukukhombisa izimpawu ze-delirium, kunesigaba sangaphambili ukuthi iziguli zingathola amahora noma ngisho nezinsuku zangaphambili. Ngalesi sikhatsi, iziguli zingase zibike amaphupho acacile kakhulu, ukulukhuni ukulala, isimo sokwesaba noma ukukhathazeka okwakungekho ngaphambili, futhi kungase kuqale ukucela ukuhlala njalo komunye ekamelweni labo.
Ukutshala lezi zibonakaliso kusenesikhathi kungasho ukungenelela kwangaphambili futhi kungavimbela isiguli ukuba siphumelele ngokugcwele okuphefumulayo ezinsukwini ezizayo.
Izimpawu
Ayikho i-test ye-delirium, ayikwazi ukutholakala ngomsebenzi webhu, kufanele ihlolwe ngokubheka ukuziphatha kwesiguli futhi inqume ukuthi ukuziphatha kwabo kufanelana nokuxilongwa kwe-delirium.
Ukubona i-delirium kungaba yinselele njengoba kungase kuhluke kakhulu kwesineke kuya kwesiguli.
Ngokuvamile, abantu abane-delirium bangase babe nobunzima bokugxila esihlokweni esisodwa, ngokuvamile kubonakala bephazamiseka futhi ngokuvamile banesimo esinqunyiwe sokuqaphela.
Ukuphazamiseka kwabo nokucindezeleka kwengqondo kuvame ukubi kakhulu ebusuku, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi "abasolwandle" noma "sundowning".
Ama-hallucinations nama-Delusions
Laba bantu bangase bahlangane nokukhohliswa nokucutshungulwa. Ukwehliswa yizinkolelo ezingamanga eziqhutshwa umuntu. Isibonelo, isiguli esivela ku-delirium singakholelwa ukuthi umhlengikazi uzama ukuwabulala, noma izinambuzane ziwela embhedeni wazo.
Ama-Hallucinations aphazamiseka okubukwayo. Isiguli singase sibone amantombazane ehamba ngezinyawo nxazonke ekamelweni futhi uwabuke abuyele ekhoneni eya ekhoneni. Bangase bafinyelele futhi bazame ukuthinta into engekho, noma bakhulume nomuntu ongekho noma ngisho nomuntu oshonile.
Izimpawu zomzimba
Ngokwempilo, isiguli ngokuvamile asikwazi ukulala kahle, futhi singase siqale ukuba nobunzima ngokugwinya, sikhulume ngendlela eqondakala kalula futhi enengqondo, futhi singaqala ukuthuthumela ngenxa yeso sizathu esicacile.
Lezi zimpawu nezimpawu kufanele zithathwe njengeqembu, hhayi ngabanye. Umuntu ohluphekayo ngokugwinya mhlawumbe akanalo i-delirium, kepha isiguli esingakwazi ukuhlala simanje, asikwazi ukugwinya, sibona izinyoni egumbini labo esibhedlela futhi singalali izinsuku cishe.
Izinhlobo
I-Delirium ingabonisa njengohlobo oluthe xaxa lwe-delirium noma uhlobo olungasebenzi. I-delirium engenamandla idala ukukhathazeka, isiguli singase siphapheme kakhulu singase sikwazi ukulala izinsuku, futhi kungase kubonakale sengathi basesimweni esiqaphile. Kungase kubonakale sengathi "bayalimala" noma baphumule, njengokungathi banakho kakhulu i-caffeine ukuze balele. Lokhu kuziphatha kuvame ukungaqondakali esimweni sokuhlala kwabo esibhedlela - basuke bephapheme lapho umuntu kulindeleke ukuba aphumule ngangokunokwenzeka.
Iziguli ze-deliriactive delirium zingase zibukeke njenge- lethargic, zikhathele kakhulu ukubekezelela umsebenzi, zicindezelekile, zilele futhi zingakwazi ukuhlanganyela engxoxweni. Lolu hlobo luvame kakhulu kunzima ukuhlukanisa nokugula nokukhathala kunomhlobo osebenzayo.
Isizathu Sokuba Sivame Ngokuvamile Ngemva Kokuhlinzwa
I-Delirium ibonakala ngokuphindaphindiwe ezigulini zokuhlinzwa kunabantu abaningi esibhedlela ngenxa yezizathu eziningi, zivame ukuba zigula ngaphezu kokujwayelekile, zithola imithi ye- anesthesia engakwazi ukusiza ekudleni, ingaba nokuhlala esibhedlela isikhathi eside futhi ingathola imithi yobuhlungu ngesikhathi ukutakula kwabo kanye nezinye izidakamizwa ezingadala ukwedlula i-delirium.
Ukwelapha
Ngaphandle kokusiza isiguli ukuthola ukulala kwekhwalithi abayidingayo kakhulu, iziguli ezine-delirium nazo zizodinga ukunakekelwa kokunakekela izidingo eziyisisekelo nezibalulekile ezingenakuzilawula ngenkathi zigula.
Uma isiguli sinomtholampilo, kubalulekile ukuthi abasebenzi basebhedlela (kanye nomndeni nabangani abangase bavakashele) basize ukunikeza isiguli ngezinto ezibalulekile ezidinga kakhulu. Lokhu kubalulekile ukufaka ubuthongo obungaphazanyiswa, ukudla nokuphuza njalo, ukunakekelwa kwezidingo zokugezela nokuvuselela isiguli esididekile njalo.
Ukuhlelwa kabusha ngokuphindaphindiwe kusho ukuthi ngomusa ukuvumela isiguli ukuthi basesibhedlela, kungani bekhona nokuthi yikuphi usuku nesikhathi. Emndenini nabangane, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ungaphikisani nesiguli esididekile noma esibhekene nokukhohliswa noma ukucutshungulwa. Ungase uzame ngomusa ukulungisa kabusha isiguli lapho ukhona nokuthi kungani, kodwa ukuphikisana kuzokwenyusa isiguli kanye nelungu lomndeni kuphela.
Kubalulekile futhi ukungavuli isiguli uma belele ngaphandle uma kubaluleke kakhulu, futhi abasebenzi bangakhetha ukwesula isheke esibalulekile noma phakathi kwemithi yobusuku engalinda kuze kube ekuseni uma kusho ukuvumela isiguli ukuba silale. Ezinye izikhungo zinikeza izigulane kanye nezisindo zeso ezigulini ukuze kwandiswe izinga labo lokulala ngokuvimbela ukukhanya okuqhubekayo nomsindo.
Uma isiguli singenakwethenjwa ukuba sibe yedwa ngaphandle kokulimala ngenxa yokulala embhedeni noma eminye imisebenzi, umndeni, abangane noma abasebenzi basebhedlela cishe kuzodingeka babe egumbini ngezikhathi zonke.
Imithi
Ukubona imbangela eyinhloko ye-delirium kuyisihluthulelo sokwelashwa. Uma imithi ibangela inkinga, yima. Uma ukuhoxiswa kotshwala , izidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni noma imithi yinkinga, yiphathe. Uma ukulahlwa okubuhlungu kakhulu kuyinkinga, ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa ukuhlinzeka indawo engcono kakhulu yokulala kanye nemithi yokukhuthaza ukulala.
Izinsiza zokulala zokubeletha, ezifana neRamelteon (Rozerem), zivame ukunikezwa ukwenza kube lula ukulala , kuyilapho ezinye imithi efana ne-Ativan inganikezwa ukunciphisa ukukhathazeka nanoma yiziphi izimpawu zokuhoxiswa okungenzeka zikhona. Imishanguzo ye-antipsychotic njengeHald ne-Risperdal ingasetshenziswa futhi, kodwa idinga ukunikezwa ngamanani aphansi kakhulu okuvimbela ukudideka kokudideka kwesiguli.
Umthombo:
Delirium Postoperative kulabo asebekhulile: ukuxilongwa nokuphathwa. Ukwelashwa Kwemitholampilo Ekuguga. UThomas Robinson noBen Eiseman. Ifinyelele ngoJanuwari 2015. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2546478/