I-Pericarditis Ibonisa Ukuvuvukala Kwenhliziyo Yokugaya
I-Pericarditis yisimiso lapho i-pericardium (isikhwama esisivikelayo esivikela inhliziyo), sishaya. Ngokuvamile lokhu ukuvuvukala kunomusa futhi kuphelile. Kodwa kwezinye izimo, i-pericarditis ingaholela ekuguleni okukhulu futhi ngisho nokulimala komzimba.
Yini eyenza i-Pericarditis?
I-Pericarditis ingabangelwa izimo eziningana, kufaka phakathi ukutheleleka, ukuhlasela kwenhliziyo , ukuphazamiseka okuzenzakalelayo , ukuhlukunyezwa kwesifuba , umdlavuza, ukwehluleka kwezinso , noma izidakamizwa.
Izifo ezingakhipha i-pericarditis zihlanganisa izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, isifo sofuba kanye nokutheleleka kwe-fungal . Abantu abanesandulela ngculazi nengculazi bavame ukuthuthukisa izifo ezikhiqiza i-pericarditis.
Ukuphazamiseka okuzenzakalelayo okungabangela i-pericarditis kuhlanganisa isifo samathambo , i- lupus , ne- scleroderma .
I-Pericarditis ivela ezigulini ezifika ku-15% ezinezifo zenhliziyo ezinzima. Kukhona nesimo sekwephuzile sokuhlasela kwe-post-heart-pericarditis, okuthiwa i- Dressler's syndrome , eyenzeka amasonto kuya ezinyangeni emva kokuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo.
Ezinye zezidakamizwa ezingakhipha i-pericarditis zihlanganisa i-procainamide, i-hydralazine, i-phenytoin, ne-isoniazid.
Izinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza zingahle zifinyelele (zisakaze) ku-pericardium, futhi zikhiqize i-pericarditis.
Ezimweni eziningi, ayikho imbangela eqondile ye-pericarditis engabonakala - lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "idiopathic" pericarditis.
Iziphi Izimpawu Ezihlobene Ne-Pericarditis?
Uphawu oluvame kakhulu olubangelwa i-pericarditis ubuhlungu besifuba .
Ubuhlungu bungaba nzima, futhi kuvame ukuqhutshwa kabi ngokushintsha isimo noma ngokuthatha umoya ojulile.
Abantu abane-pericarditis bangase bahlakulele i- dyspnea (ukuphefumula okuncane) nomkhuhlane.
Ukuthola I-Pericarditis?
Odokotela bangakwazi ukuhlolisisa i-pericarditis ngokuthatha umlando wezokwelapha ngokucophelela, ukwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, nokwenza i- electrocardiogram (ekhombisa izinguquko zesimo).
Ngezinye izikhathi i- echocardiogram ingasiza ekutholeni ukuxilongwa.
Iziphi Izinkinga Ezingenzeka Ngama-Pericarditis?
Nakuba i-pericarditis ivame ukuxazulula ezinsukwini ezimbalwa noma amasonto ambalwa, izinkinga ezintathu zingenzeka. Lezi yi- tamponade ye-cardia , i-pericarditis engapheli, noma i-pericarditis engavamile.
I-tamponade iyenzeka lapho uketshezi oluqoqa esikhwameni se-pericardial (isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i- pericardial effusion ) kuvimbela inhliziyo ukuba igcwalise ngokuphelele. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, umfutho wegazi wehla futhi amaphaphu ahlanganiswe, okuvame ukuholela ebuthakathakeni, isizungu , ukukhanya okulula kanye nedyspnea eyedlulele. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa okwanele, i-tamponade yenhliziyo ingaba yingozi. Ukuxilongwa kwe-tamponade kwenziwa nge-echocardiogram.
Kuthiwa i-pericarditis engapheliyo lapho ukuvuvukala komzimba kungavumi ukuxazulula ngaphakathi kwamasonto ambalwa. Kungenziwa kuhlotshaniswe nazo zonke izimpawu ze-pericarditis ejulile, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho kuvame ukuhambisana nemisebenzi enkulu kakhulu ye-pericardial effusions.
I-pericarditis yokuqothulwa komzimba ivela lapho isikhwama esiphezulu se-pericardial sigxila futhi silahlekelwa ukuqina kwayo, okuyinto (efana ne-tamponade) evimbela inhliziyo ukuba ingagcwaliseki ngokuphelele. Izimpawu zifana ne-tamponade, kodwa ngokuvamile ziqala kancane kancane.
I-Pericarditis iphathwa kanjani?
Ukuphathwa kwe-pericarditis ehlose kuhloswe ekuboneni nasekuphatheni imbangela eyimbangela. Ngokuvamile izimpawu zingathuthukiswa ngezidakamizwa eziphikisayo (ngokuvamile izidakamizwa ezingezona izifo ezivuvukala, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ukwelashwa kwe-steroid kuyadingeka), kanye nama-analgesics. Amacala amaningi we-pericarditis ayenzima ukuxazulula ngaphakathi kwamasonto ambalwa futhi angashiyi izinkinga zemizimba engapheli.
I-tamponade ye-cardia iphathwa ngokususa umthamo kusuka esikhwameni se-pericardial, ngokuvamile nge-catheter encane. Ukukhipha uketshezi kukhulula ukucindezeleka kwenhliziyo, futhi kubuyiselwa umsebenzi ovamile wenhliziyo cishe ngokushesha.
I-pericarditis engapheli iphatheka ngokuphathwa ngobuhlungu ngesimo sokuvuvukala esiyinkimbinkimbi, nokukhipha umonakalo omkhulu we-pericardial ovame ukukhona.
Uma i-pericardial effusions iqhubeka iphinda ibuyele, ukuhlinzwa kungenziwa ukuvula ukuhlala unomphela (i-window ebizwa ngokuthi i-pericardial window), evumela ukuthi uketshezi kukhishwe esikhwameni se-pericardial, ngaleyo ndlela kuvimbele ukuhlaselwa.
I-pericarditis ye-Constrictive ingaba yinkinga yokwelashwa okunzima kakhulu. Izimpawu zingaphathwa ngokuphumula kombhede, izidakamizwa, kanye ne-digitalis, kodwa ukwelashwa okucacile kudinga ukuhlinzeka ukukhipha ubuningi obunzima obubonakalayo enhliziyweni. Lokhu kuvulwa kuvame ukujula futhi kuthwala ingozi enkulu.
Izwi elivela
I-Pericarditis ivame ukuba yisimo esilinganiselwe sokuzixazulula lapho inkinga yezokwelapha isisekelo iphathwa. Nokho, kwezinye izimo, i-pericarditis ingaba yindlala, futhi ingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu. Njengoba kunjalo nanoma iyiphi inkinga yenhliziyo, kubalulekile kunoma ubani one-pericarditis ukuthola ukunakekelwa okuhle kwezokwelapha.
> Imithombo:
> Imazio M. Contemporary Management Of Pericardial Diseases. I-Curr Opin Cardiol 2012; 27: 308.
> Adler Y, Charron P, Imazio M, et al. Imikhombandlela ye-ESC ye-2015 Yokuthola Ukuphathwa Nokuphathwa Kwezifo Ezibuhlungu: I-Task Force Yokuthola Ukuxilongwa Nokulawulwa Kwezifo Eziphefumulayo ze-European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Ezivunyelwe yi: European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS). I-Eur Heart J 2015; 36: 2921.