Izimpikiswano zezemidlalo zingase zibe nemiphumela emibi kakhulu yesikhathi eside
Sibutsetelo
Izimpikiswano kukhona ukulimala kwekhanda okuphazamisayo okuvela kokubili okunciphisa futhi okunamandla kakhulu ekhanda. Ezinye ukulimala kwekhanda kungase kubonakale kube mnene kepha ucwaningo luthola ukuthi izingcikitsi zingaba nemiphumela emibi, yesikhathi eside , ikakhulukazi ukulimala kwekhanda noma izimpikiswano ezihlangene.
Ingxabano ibangelwa ukuhlukumezeka okukhulu kwekhanda lapho ubuchopho buhamba khona ngesihluku ngaphakathi kwegazi.
Amangqamuzana ebuchopho wonke umlilo ngesikhathi esisodwa, kufana nokuthunjwa. Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuthi iziguli ezithintekayo zibonakala zinezinto zobuchopho zabantu abaku-coma.
Ingxabano ingase ibangelwe ukuwa lapho ikhanda elihlasela khona into noma into ehambayo ishaya ikhanda. Ukunyakaza okuzenzekelayo okuguquguqukayo okufana nokushaya okuyinto ephikisayo ikhanda (njenge-punch ngakwesobuso) kungase kube nokukhiqiza ukungabi nalutho. Noma kunjalo, imbiza enkulu kunoma iyiphi indlela ingaveza ukungabi nalutho.
Ngo-2004, idatha eqoqwe kusukela ohlelweni oluyinkimbinkimbi ye-telemetry esetshenziselwa izifundo zokucubungula nge-NFL ithola ukuthi ama-58 kwangu-623 (amaphesenti angu-9,3) abadlali bebhola abaqeqeshwayo abadlali abanobucayi nabo belahlekelwa ulwazi.
Izimpawu Nezibonakaliso
- Izimpawu Zokuqala Zokuphetha Kungabandakanya :
- Ukudideka
- Ukukhathazeka
- Ukulahlekelwa kwememori
- Ukungaboni
- Isayizi engalingani abafundi
- Izinwele
- Isizungu
- Tinnitus
- I-nausea
- Ukuvota
- Umbono ushintsho
- Izimpawu Zokuphetha Zasekupheleni Kungase Kubandakanye :
- Ukuphazamiseka kwememori
- Ukuhlushwa okuncane
- Ukuthukuthela
- Ukuphazamiseka kokulala
- Izinguquko zomuntu
- Ukukhathala
Izimpikiswano zezemidlalo ezixhumene nokucindezeleka nokulahlekelwa kwengqondo
Ukucindezeleka kungenye yezimpawu eziningi ezenzeka ngabadlali ngemuva kokuncintisana. Eqinisweni, ucwaningo oluthile lubona ukusabalala kokucindezeleka ezigulini ezihlukumezeka kakhulu kungaba ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-40.
Ucwaningo oluthile luye lwabonisa ukuxhumana phakathi komlando wokulimala kobuchopho kanye namathuba aphezulu okuthuthukisa ukucindezeleka okukhulu kamuva ekuphileni.
- Ucwaningo oluthile lokuncintisana kwabadlali abavela e-Montreal Neurological Institute of McGill University luchaze ukuthi kunesizathu sokuthi ukucindezeleka kwabadlali abaye baba nezingxabano. Ukuhlola ukuhlolwa okuwenziwe nge-MRI esebenzayo kubadlali ababenokucindezeleka okulandela isingqikithi kubonisa indlela efanayo yokusebenza kobuchopho njengeziguli ezinokucindezeleka okukhulu.
- Olunye ucwaningo lwathola ukuthi kwabangu-2 522 abahlala emdlalweni we-pro-football abadlali, amaphesenti angaphezu kwangu-11 alabo abanomlando wezixazululo eziningi nabo babhekene nokuxilongwa kokucindezeleka komtholampilo. Abadlali ababika izingxoxo ezintathu noma ngaphezulu zangaphambilini babekhona amathuba amaningi okuthola ukuthi banokucindezeleka kunelabo abangenalo umlando wokuncintisana.
- Ucwaningo olwenziwa ngabacwaningi eYunivesithi yase-Illinois e-Chicago College of Medicine lwabike ukuthola izinguquko zesakhiwo emcimbini omhlophe wezinkinga zeziguli ezinokulimala kwekhanda, kanye nokulimala okukhulu kwekhanda okubonisa ushintsho olunzulu kakhulu. Lezi zinguquko zemizimba zihambisana nokulahlekelwa kwengqondo ekucabangeni, ekukhunjweni nasekunakekeleni.
Baye bathola ukuthi ukulimala kwamakhanda amancane kwaholela ekulimazeni kuphela engxenyeni yangaphandle ye-nerve (i-myelin sheath ye-axon), engase ikwazi ukulungiswa, kodwa ukulimala kakhudlwana kakhudlwana kubangela ukulimala kwe-axon ngokwayo, okungenjalo ukulungiswa kalula. Uma i-axon ihlukanisiwe, akunakwenzeka ukuthi ingazilungisa yona.
Ukucubungula kuma-Skiers ne-Snowboarders
Abacwaningi baseCanada bathola ukuthi ukubonakala kokubili komgogodla nokulimala kobuchopho kubonakala sengathi kwanda emhlabeni jikelele. Bika ukuthi lokhu kukhula kwamazinga okulimala kuhambisana nokwanda nokwamukelwa kwemikhawulo ephakeme emithambekeni kanye nokusebenza okunamandla okukhulu, njengokugxuma nokuguquka.
Baphinde babike ukuthi ukugqoka isigqoko sokuzivikela kunganciphisa ingozi yokulimala kwekhanda ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-60 futhi batusa kakhulu izigqoko zabakwa-skiers nabagibeli.
Insiza yezimo eziphuthumayo
Uma uhlupheka nganoma yikuphi ukulimala kwekhanda, vimbela umsebenzi futhi ufune usizo lwezokwelapha. Ngisho noma ucabanga ukuthi i-bump ekhanda ekhanda, ingaba into ebalulekile uma ubuyela emidlalweni.
Ngokusho komcwaningi uMark Lowell, okuvumela umgijimi ukuba abuyele ukudlala ngaphambi nje kokulimala kwekhanda kwandisa ithuba lokulimala kakhudlwana kobuchopho. Ngoba izibonakaliso zemincintiswano emnene - ukudideka, ukudideka, nokulahlekelwa kwememori - kungase zinyamalale ngaphakathi kwamaminithi futhi kungase kungabikwe ngumdlali, abagijimi bavame ukuvunyelwa ukuba baqhubeke bedlala noma babuyele emdlalweni ngaphambi kokuba ubuchopho babo bube neyanele ukuphulukisa.
Ukuhlola nokuhlola
Ukunquma lapho umgijimi kufanele abuyele emidlalweni ngemuva kokuba ingxabano isale indaba yokuphikisana phakathi komphakathi wezokwelapha. Kodwa-ke, amaphrojekthi ahlukahlukene okucwaninga aqhubeka nokufunda kabanzi mayelana nokuhlolwa kokuncintisana nokuhlola.
Abacwaningi ngo-2010 eMnyangweni weMithi yezoMzimba waseNyuvesi yaseMichigan kanye nokuvuselelwa kwaqala ukuhlolwa kwesikhathi esilula futhi esingabizi kangako okungasiza ekuboneni abagijimi abanokulimala kancinci okuyinto enzima ngokwanele yokudinga isikhathi emidlalweni.
Abacwaningi e-University of Pittsburgh's Sports Medicine Centre baqale uhlelo lwekhompiyutha, uhlelo lwe-Post-Concussion Assessment kanye nesistimu yokuhlola ukuCognitive, noma i-ImPACT, eyenza inkumbulo yomgijimi, isikhathi sokuphendula kanye nesivinini sokusebenza ukuze kusize lapho umgijimi engabuyela ngokuphepha imidlalo ngemuva kokulimala kwekhanda.
Ukuhlolwa kuhlola imiphumela eyisisekelo yomgijimi ekuqaleni kwenkathi. Babuyela noma yibaphi abagijimi abaxhasa ukulimala kwekhanda noma ingxabano. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa inikeza ukuhlolwa komgomo ukuthi ngabe umdlali uphilile ngokwanele ukubuyela ukudlala. Uhlelo lwe-ImPACT okwamanje lisetshenziselwa ezikoleni eziningi eziphakeme kanye namakolishi, kanye ne-National Football League ne-National Hockey League.
Umthombo
I-Pellman, Ingqungquthela ku-National Football League: ukubuka kabanzi ngezinzwa ze-neurologists 2004.
UJen-Kai Chenet al. I-Neural izitho zezibonakaliso zokucindezeleka Ukulandela Ingxoxo Emidlalweni YamaMantshi Eminye Izimpawu Zokuphikisana Okuqhubekayo, I-Archives of General Psychiatry. 2008; 65 (1): 81-89.
Kraus MF, et al. Udaba olumhlophe ubuqotho nokuqashelwa kokulimala okubuhlungu kwengqondo okuqhubekayo: ukutadisha ukucubungula ukucubungula. Ubuchopho. 2007 Oct; 130 (Pt 10): 2508-19. Epub 2007 Sep 14.
I-Ackery, et al. Ukubuyekezwa kwamazwe ngamazwe okulimala ikhanda nomgogodla ku-skip alpine kanye ne-snowboarding. Ukuvimbela Ukulimala 2007; 13: 368-375.
Ukuncintisana Okuvamile kanye Nengozi Yokucindezeleka Emidlalweni Yabadlali Bezemidlalo Ethatha Umhlalaphansi. Imithi & Isayensi Yezemidlalo Nokuzivocavoca. 39 (6): 903-909, June 2007.