Okwenza Igazi Lokuxoshwa Kusetshenziselwe Ukwelashwa Iziguli
I-blood thinner imithi esetshenziselwa ukuvimbela noma ukuphatha ama-blood clots.
Izinhlobo zegazi abahlukumezayo
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zegazi elincane, enye ibizwa ngokuthi i-anticoagulant kanti enye ibizwa ngokuthi i-antiplatelet. Ngenkathi bobabili bevimbela ukuvalwa kwegazi, noma ngokunembile, kunciphise ukwakhiwa kwezindwangu, benza kanjalo ngezindlela ezahlukene.
I-Anticoagulant: Lolu hlobo lwemithi lusebenza ngokuphazamisa izici ezijwayelekile zokuvala izinto ezihamba emzimbeni.
Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuthi igazi ligqoke futhi likhulise ubude besikhathi umzimba odinga ukuwenza ngempumelelo i-clot. Ama-anticoagulants anonya kakhulu kunamaphilisi e-antiplatelet, ngakho-ke lolu hlobo lwemithi lisetshenziswa lapho isiguli sidinga igazi ukuba "libe mncane".
I-Antiplatelet: Lolu hlobo lwemithi lusebenza ngokuphazamisa "isignali" yamakhemikhali lapho umzimba uthumela uma kudingeka ukudala i-clot. Ngokuvamile, isignali yayizokwenza i-plateslet isebenze, uhlobo lwegciwane lesigungu segazi, kanye namaplatelet ayeyobutha esakhiweni sokugaya futhi aqale ukunamathela ndawonye ukuze enze i-clot. Njengoba imishanguzo ye-antiplatelet isakazwa, ukusakazwa kwesignali kokubili kubambezeleka futhi "ivolumu" iguqulwa, ngakho amaplanethi amancane ayaphendula.
Kungani Igazi Elixoshwa Ngasetshenziswa?
Ukwelashwa yiyona ingozi eyaziwayo yokwakhiwa kwezindwangu zegazi, njengoba isiguli ngokuvamile sisaqhubeka isikhathi eside ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, futhi amahora noma izinsuku ezilandela inqubo.
Ukungabi nhlobo kuyinto eyaziwayo engozini yokwakheka kwegazi, ngakho ukuvimbela ama-clots kuyisici esibalulekile sokunakekelwa kwe-perioperative.
Kwezinye iziguli, igazi elincane lisetshenziselwa ukunciphisa igazi, okwenza kuthathe isikhathi eside ukuba igazi lingene. Kwezinye iziguli, igazi elincane lisetshenziselwa ukuvimbela i-clot esivele ikhona ekubizeni (futhi ukuvimbela ama-clots angeziwe ekwakheni).
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kunquma uma kudingeka igazi elincane futhi umthamo okufanele unikezwe.
Ezinye iziguli zizodinga igazi elincane isikhathi eside, njengesiguli esinesigqi senhliziyo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Atrial Fibrillation. Kwabanye, njengeziguli ezasanda kuhlinzwa, zingase zibe negazi elincane ngenkathi zifakwa esibhedlela kodwa azidingeki futhi.
Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa
Abaqashi begazi kukhona izinto ezikhohlisayo ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Udokotela ohlinzayo kumele athole ibhalansi phakathi kokuvimbela ama-clots futhi ukuba nesiguli siphuze kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Kulezi ziguli eziningi ezithatha igazi elincane ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, umthamo wegazi omncane ovame ukuthathwa nsuku zonke umiswe amahora angu-24 ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu ukuphazanyiswa okufishane kuvame ukuvimbela ukuphuma ngokweqile ngaphandle kokwandisa kakhulu ingozi ye-clot yegazi. I-blood thinner ingabuye ivuselelwe ngosuku olulandelayo ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, ecabanga ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwegazi kubonisa ukuthi lokhu kulungile.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa
Ama-blood thinners ngokuvamile awayena phakathi kwemithi ehlinzekwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa ngaphandle uma kunezimo ezikhethekile ezenza ukusetshenziswa komzimba wegazi kuzuzise isiguli, njengokusebenzisa umshini we- lung bypass machine .
I-Blood thinners yenza ukwanda kwegazi ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, ngakho kufanele kucatshangelwe ngaphambi kokuba unike lolu hlobo lwemithi uma ukulahlekelwa kwegazi kungenye ingxenye yokuhlinzwa.
Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa
Izindlala zokugaya igazi zivame ukusetshenziselwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ukuze kuvinjelwe i-blood clots emilenzeni, okuthiwa i- Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) nezinye izinhlobo zezindwangu zegazi. Ama-clots egazi kufanele ahlale ethathwa ngokungathí sina, ngoba i-clot eyodwa ingaba ama-clots amaningi, noma i-clot emlenzeni ingahamba futhi ibe yindwangu emaphashini. Inhliziyo engabetha ngesigqi esivamile ingabangela ukuthi ama-clots enze ifomu elidala isifo, ngakho-ke indlela i-blood clots ihlolwe ngayo ngokucophelela ukuze kube nomphumela ongcono kakhulu.
Ukuvivinya Igazi Lakho
Kunezivivinyo ezintathu zegazi ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlola igazi lokuvala. Lezi zivivinyo zibizwa nge-Prothrombin Time (PT), i-Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT) ne-International Normalized Ratio (INR). Ungase uzwe lezi zivivinyo ezibhekwa ngokuthi "izifundo zokuqhafaza", "izikhathi zokuvala" noma "PT, PTT, INR" njengoba zivame ukuhlelwa ndawonye.
PT, PTT kanye ne-INR imiphumela nokuthi bayasho ukuthini
Igazi legazi elivamile
Phakathi kweminye imithi ejwayele ukusetshenziselwa i-blood thinning yilezi ezilandelayo:
- I-Heparin
- I-Plavix
- I-Coumadin / i-Warfarin
- Lovenox
- Aspirin
Ukuzikhethela kwegazi elincane kakhulu kwenziwa ngumhlinzeki ohlinzayo, okungenzeka ukuthi uyazi ukuthi kungakanani ukwelashwa okulindelwe ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa okuthile. Bangase bafise ukuvimbela kancane ukuvimba, noma kungadingeka ukuthi bancishise ngokuphawulekayo amathuba okuvala, kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lokugula nokuhlinzwa.
Ngokuvamile, ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, uHeparin unikezwa njengesibhamu esiswini esisodwa kuya kwesithathu ngosuku. Kwezinye izimo, iLovenox isetshenziselwa indawo yeHeparin, kodwa iningi lamacala ayenziwa omunye noma omunye ngesikhathi sokuvuselelwa esibhedlela. Kulezi ziguli ezikhishwa ngokushesha ngemva kokuhlinzwa, igazi elincane lingase libekiwe noma lingenqunywe njengoba kulindeleke ukuthi isiguli sihamba usuku lonke, okuyinto eyanciphisa kakhulu ingozi yezindwangu zegazi.
> Umthombo:
> I-Blood Thinners. I-Medline Plus. Kufinyelelwe > May, > 2015. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/bloodthinners.html