Abadala abadala, i-Dementia kanye ne-Mood Stabilizers
Ukuqiniswa kwemizwelo yimithi eyenzelwe ukuphuma ngisho nemizwelo eguquguqukayo kakhulu. Isibonelo, umuntu ophakeme kakhulu (mania) kanye no-lows (ukucindezeleka) angatholakala ukuthi unesifo se-bipolar bese ebeka imithi yokuzinza imimoya ukuze azame ukushintsha ukushintshashintsha kwemizwa nemizwelo yabo. Lezi zidakamizwa nazo zibekiwe ngezikhathi ezithile ukuphatha izimpawu zokuziphatha nokucindezeleka kwengqondo (BPSD) .
Lezi zikhathi ezithile zibizwa ngokuthi " ukuziphatha okunzima " ekudemeni kwengqondo.
Ingabe Ukuqiniswa Kwama-Mood kuphumelela ekudemeni?
Imishanguzo eminingi ehlukene-eminingi yayo ingama-anticonvulsants (izidakamizwa zokunciphisa ukuhlushwa) -ibizwa ngokuthi i-mood stabilizers. Ngokuvamile, ucwaningo alusekelanga ukusetshenziswa okubanzi kokuzizwa komzwelo ku- dementia , nakuba kunezinye izici udokotela azicabangayo uma eyala le mithi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ucwaningo olwengeziwe lungase lukhanyise kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwemithi kubantu abaphila nokuphefumula komqondo.
Nazi ezinye zezimo ezivame ukujula isimo, kufaka phakathi ubukhulu bokusebenza kwazo ekwelapheni ukuhlukumezeka nokuhlukumezeka ekudemeni kwengqondo, ngokusho kocwaningo lwezocwaningo.
Lithium (Eskalith, Lithobid):
I-lithium ngokuvamile ihlelwe ukuba ilaphe ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar. Ngokuvamile izifundo azitholanga ukuthi ziphumelele ekuphatheni izimo eziyinselele ekudemeni kwengqondo.
I-Valproate (i-Depakote):
Leli qembu le-anticonvulsant yezidakamizwa, elihlanganisa i-divalproex sodium (Depakote), i-valproate sodium (Depacon) ne-valproic acid (i-Depakene, i-Stavzor), isetshenziswe abanye odokotela ukuphatha ubuhlungu ekudemeni komqondo kodwa jikelele, ukusetshenziswa kwayo akusekelwa ucwaningo . Olunye ucwaningo lubonise ngisho nokulahlekelwa okwenyuka kwevolumu yengqondo ngokusetshenziswa kwe-divalproex sodium ekudemeni kwengqondo.
I-Carbamazepine (Tegretol):
Lena imithi ye-anticonvulsant ejwayele ukuqondiswa ukuze ilashwe abantu abanesithuthwane. Olunye ucwaningo luye lwathola ukuthi lesi sidakamizwa siphumelele ngokuphumelelayo ekwelashweni kobudlova ekudemeni kwengqondo. Kodwa-ke, akuvame ukusetshenziselwa ngoba kungaba nemiphumela emibi emibi, njengokusebenzisana neminye imithi, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-sodium encane nokunciphisa ukukala kwamangqamuzana egazi elimhlophe.
I-Oxcarbazepine (Trileptal):
Ucwaningo lubonise ukuthi le mithi ye-anticonvulsant ngokuvamile ayizange iphumelele ekunciphiseni ukuziphatha okuyinselele okuhlobene nokuwohloka komqondo.
I-Lamotrigine (Lamictal):
I-Lamotrigene ingenye isidakamizwa esivame ukulalelwa ukuphatha ukugwinya kwesithuthwane. Kuye kwaba nokucwaninga okulinganiselwe okwakuboniswa ngcono ekuguleni komqondo ngokusetshenziswa kwawo, kanti isifundo esisodwa sathola ukuthi ukuphatha kanye nemithi yokwelashwa kwasiza ekugwemeni ukwandisa izidakamizwa ze-antipsychotic. I-US Yokudla Nezidakamizwa Zokuphatha ithi amanothi ase-lamotrigene aneengozi encane yokushisa okusongela ukuphila okungase kuthuthuke njengomphumela ohlangothini.
Imishanguzo ye-Antipsychotic, ngezinye izikhathi ehlukaniswa njengama-stabilizers, ijwayele ukuqondiswa ukuze kusize ukunciphisa ukuziphatha okulukhuni nemizwelo ecindezelayo ekudemeni kwengqondo.
Imithi ye-antipsychotic ihlanganisa i-Abilify (i-aripiprazole), i-Clozaril (clozapine), i-Haldol (haloperidol), i-Risperdol (risperidone), iSeroquel (quetiapine), ne-Zyprexa (i-olanzapine).
Ucwaningo oluthile lwenziwe ngezidakamizwa ze-antipsychotic kanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo kwe-BPSD. Le mithi inesisekelo esengeziwe ekucwaningweni ukukhombisa ukuthi bangasiza ngezindlela eziyinselele ekudemeni kwengqondo, kodwa futhi babe nengozi enkulu yezinkinga, ngisho nokufa, ngokusebenzisa kwabo. Ngenxa yengozi, kube khona ucingo lonke oluvela kwi-Centre of Medicare ne-Medicaid ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa zokulwa nesifo sofuba kubantu abane-dementia.
Imishanguzo ye-Antipsychotic ifanelekile uma umuntu onesifo sengqondo somqondo ephethe i- paranoia , ukukhohlisa noma ukucabangela okubangela ukuba bacindezeleke. Ama-antipsychotics akufanele asetshenziswe ngoba nje umuntu engenasiphelo, exhala, ehamba , noma engalali kahle ebusuku.
Izwi kusuka
Okubaluleke kakhulu, ukungenelela kwemithi okungezona izidakamizwa zokuziphatha okuyinselele ekudemeni komqondo kufanele kuvivinywa ngaphambi kokuba imithi isetshenziswe. Nakuba kungekho sikhambi esisebenza ngaso sonke isikhathi, izindlela ezingezona izidakamizwa zibonise ukuphumelela ekunciphiseni nasekuphenduleni, i-BPSD.
Ukuziphendulela
** Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ulwazi olufakwe kulewebhusayithi futhi oluxhunyiwe kokubili futhi kusuka kule sayithi alulona iseluleko sezokwelapha futhi luyisiqondiso nolwazi kuphela. Ngenze konke okusemandleni ukubika ulwazi olunempilo olunempilo nokucwaningwa ngokwesayensi, kodwa lokhu akulona esikhundleni sokunakekela nokuqondiswa udokotela. **
Imithombo:
Izidakamizwa nokuguga. 2012 Aug 1; 29 (8): 627-37. I-Efficacy kanye Nokuphepha Kwe-Anticonvulsants Entsha Kwiziguli Ezine-Dementia. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22734626
Ukubuyekeza kobuchwepheshe be-Neurotherapeutics. 2012 Feb; 12 (2): 155-8. I-Association of Chronic Divalproex I-Sodium Use ne-Brain Atrophy ku-Alzheimer's. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22288670
Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology [Medical Sciences]. Okthoba 2010, uMqulu 30, Issue 5, iphe 652-658. Ukuhlaziywa kweMeta-Ukuhlaziywa Kwezinzwa Zama-Alzheimer's. http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11596-010-0559-5
I-Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences. 2012, 28 (4): 185-93. I-Mood Stabilizers ye-Treatment of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia: Isibuyekezo Sokubuyekeza. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22453066
I-Psychogeriatrics. 2015 uMar; 15 (1): 32-7. Ukusebenza Kwemitholampilo ye-Amotrigine kanye Nezinguquko Ezilinganisweni Zokusetshenziswa Kwezidakamizwa Ze-Psychotropic ezisetshenziswayo ezifweni ze-Alzheimer With Symptoms and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia: A Trial Open-Label Trial. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25516380
Umnyango WezeMpilo WaseSanta Clara County. Imikhombandlela Yokusebenzisa Imithi. I-Mood Stabilizers. Juni 2014. https://www.sccgov.org/sites/mhd/Providers/PharmacyInformation/MHDGuidelines/Mood%20Stablizers%20Complete%206-2014.pdf
I-United States Library Yomuthi Kazwelonke. I-Drug Record. I-Carbamazepine. September 30, 2015. http://livertox.nih.gov/Carbamazepine.htm
I-United States Library Yomuthi Kazwelonke. I-Lamotrigine. NgoJanuwari 13, 2016. https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/meds/a695007.html