I-EMTALA, i-Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act

Amakamelo Okuphuthumayo Kumelwe Abuke Isikrini futhi Azinze Naphezu Kokukwazi Ukukhokha

Ngo-1986, uhulumeni wase-United States wadlulisa uMnyango Wezokwelapha Nokuphuthumayo (Emergency Treatment and Labor Act) (EMTALA). Lesi senzo sidinga noma yisiphi isibhedlela esamukela izinkokhelo ezivela eMedareri ukuhlinzeka ukunakekelwa kunoma yisiphi isiguli esifika emnyangweni wayo ophuthumayo ukwelashwa, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yisakhamuzi sesiguli, isimo sezomthetho e-United States noma ikhono lokukhokha izinsizakalo.

I-EMTALA iyasebenza ekunakekelweni kwe-ambulensi nokunakekelwa esibhedlela.

I-EMTALA yasungulwa ukuze ilwa "nokulahlwa kweziguli," umkhuba wenqaba ukuphatha abantu abangenakho ikhono lokukhokha izinsizakalo zezempilo. Iqinisekisa ukuthi labo abangenayo ngokwanele ngeke baphambuke ekunakekelweni kwezokwelapha eziphuthumayo. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi u-98% wezo zonke izibhedlela zase-US zibandakanyeka eMedareri ukuze empeleni umthetho uhlanganisa zonke izibhedlela.

I-EMTALA iqukethe eMthethweni Wokuhlanganiswa Kwemali Yezokuhlaziywa Kwezimali Ze-Omnibus (COBRA) futhi iwela ngaphansi kwe-CMS, isikhungo se-Medicare Services.

Imisebenzi yezomthetho yezibhedlela ngaphansi komthetho we-EMTALA

1. Izivivinyo Zokuhlolwa Kwezokwelapha : Noma ubani ofika esiteshini esiphuthumayo esibhedlela kufanele athole ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ukuze anqume ukuthi basesimweni esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Umthetho uthi lezi kumele zenziwe kungakhathaliseki isimo sezimali noma umshuwalense wesiguli, ukuze kube khona okusemqoka okusekelwe kuphela kwezidingo zezokwelapha. I-EMTALA inezincazelo zomthetho "zesimo sezokwelapha eziphuthumayo" nelithi "lizinzile." Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-CMS ithi le mfuneko iyasebenza kunoma iyiphi indawo ehlinzeka ngamasevisi aphuthumayo, hhayi nje kumakamelo aphuthumayo aqokiwe. Uma ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha kuthola ukuthi akukho isimo sezokwelapha esiphuthumayo, akudingeki ukuba banikeze ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo.

1. Ukuzinza noma ukudluliselwa : Uma isimo sezokwelapha esiphuthumayo sikhona, isimo sesiguli kumele siphathwe ukuze sizinzile noma sithunyelwe esikhungweni esifanele. Ikamelo eliphuthumayo alikwazi ukumane lithumele ikhaya lesiguli ngesimo esilindeleke ukuba siqhubeke siqhubeka. Isiguli kufanele saziswe nganoma yikuphi ukudluliselwa nokunikeza imvume . Isiguli esithunyelwe ekhaya esimweni esingaqiniseki noma esithunyelwe esibhedlela esingenazo izakhiwo zokwelapha isimo sazo singase sibe nomthetho ngaphansi kwe-EMTALA.

1. Izibhedlela ziyadingeka ukuthatha izimali zokuhlinzekela izinsizakalo ezikhethekile: Lokhu kukhuluma ngomkhuba wokulahlwa kabusha, lapho izibhedlela ezinamayunithi akhethekile, njengeyunithi yokushisa, zamukela kuphela iziguli ezinekhono lokukhokha. Ngaphansi kwe-EMTALA, kumele bathathe noma yikuphi ukudluliswa okufanele. Noma kunjalo, umthetho ubapha isigatshana sokubalekela. Kumele bavume ukudluliselwa uma benamandla. Uma bengenayo imibhede evulekile noma kakade ekudonseni kwe-ambulensi, akudingeki ukuthi bathathe ukudluliselwa. Kodwa-ke, uma bethela esibhedlela becela ukudluliselwa ukuthi bagcwele kodwa isiguli siyathunyelwa kubo (ukulahlwa) kumele baphathe isiguli lapho efika. Bangabika esibhedlela sokuthumela ngokuphulwa kwe-EMTALA kamuva.

I-EMTALA ayinikeli ukunakekelwa kwamahhala

Nakuba izibhedlela kudingeka zihlole futhi ziphathe iziguli ngaphansi kwe-EMTALA, izinsizakalo zabo azikho mahhala. Bangakwazi ukukhokhela isiguli bese bebafakazela izikweletu ezingakhokhiwe. Akudingeki ukuthi banikeze ukunakekelwa kwabagulayo ngemuva kokukhishwa, kodwa kumele babhekisele emitholampilo nasezinhlelo ezingabanika izindleko ezincishisiwe noma mahhala. Izibhedlela azikwazi ukwenqaba ukuphatha iziguli ezethula ngaphansi kwe-EMTALA esivela zibafanele imali.