I-longitudinal melanonychia ikhona emgqeni onemibala, ngokuvamile emnyama noma emnyama, kanye nobude bebheyili. Zivamile kubantu abanobumnyama. I-longitudinal melanonychia ibangelwa ukufakwa kwe-melanin emgqeni we-nail ezivela ezimbangela ezihlukahlukene. Inani elincane labantu abane-melanonychia longitudinal bane- melanoma encane .
Izimbangela
I-pigment ezikhonkwane zakho ikhiqizwa ngamaseli okuthiwa i- melanocytes embhedeni wesipikili. Zenza i-melanin, i-pigment enika izinwele umbala wayo futhi ikhiqize i-sun tan esikhumbeni sakho. Embhedeni wesihluthulelo, badlulisela i-melanin kuma-cell akhiqiza i-nail. Uma ubona umcibisholo omnyama esikhwameni sakho, yilapho zikhiqiza khona i-melanin engaphezulu futhi idala umugqa njengoba i-nail ikhula ngaphandle.
Izimbangela ze-melanonychia zihlukaniswe ngezigaba zokwenziwa kwe-melanocytic, lapho amangqamuzana asevele ekhona eqala ukukhiqiza i-melanin eningi, ne-melanocytic hyperplasia lapho amanye amangqamuzana akhiqiza i-pigment avame.
Izinkinga ze-Benign
Ngokuvamile uzobona i-streak emnyama ekhoneni elilodwa. Ku-73% wamacala omdala, lokhu kungenxa yamaseli asevele ekhona okhiqiza ingulube engaphezulu. Umbala wakho wesikhumba sobuhlanga uyisici salokhu, njengoba abantu abanesikhumba somnyama ngokwemvelo ngokuvamile banamaqembu omnyama ase-longitudinal ezinsikeni zabo.
Uthola okuningi njengoba usukhulile, futhi ziba nzima. Kwenzeka kaningi eminwe oyisebenzisayo ukubamba izinto-isithupha sakho, inkomba, nomunwe ophakathi.
Ukukhulelwa kungesinye isikhathi lapho kungenzeka khona ukubona i-longitudinal melanonychia. I-trauma eya epulatifini ye-nail ingabangela futhi. Uma ubona imivimbo emlenzeni wakho omncane noma izinzwane ezinkulu, kungenzeka ukuthi ngenxa yezinzwani zakho ezishaya izicathulo zakho uma zingenalo kahle.
Ukutheleleka kwe-fungal ye-nail kungabangela imifino emnyama, njengoba ikwazi i-psoriasis, ukutheleleka kwesikhumba ezungeze i-nail, i-amyloidosis, ne-lichen planus. Kungase kubonakale, kaningi ngezinhlobonhlobo eziningi, kwisifo se-Addison kanye ne-AIDS.
I-Chemotherapy, i-X-ray kanye ne-electron beam yokwelapha kungabangela ukusebenza kwe-melanocytic, kaningi ngezipikili eziningana. Ingabonakala ku-Laugier-Hunziker syndrome, i-Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, ne-Touraine syndrome.
I-Melanocytic Hyperplasia-Benign ne-Melanoma Malignant
Ama-melanocytes anganda futhi akhiqize i-melanonychia esimweni esibucayi noma esibi. I-benign hyperplasia ingaba ngamalenti (amabala) noma ama-nevi (izidleke). Ezinganeni, amakholomu angu-77.5% we-melanonychia angenxa yokwelapha i-melanocytic hyperplasia.
I-hyperplasia emangalisa i-melanocytic ingase ibe ngenxa ye-melanoma engenawo noma in situ. Kuvame ukubonwa kwisithupha, inzwane enkulu noma inkomba yomunwe. Kuyenzeka ngokuphindaphindiwe kuzo zonke izinhlanga, kuyilapho i-melanoma kwezinye izingosi iyingxenye yezinhlanga ezimnyama.
Izivivinyo zokuxilonga
Ukulawula i-melanoma, i-biopsy ivame ukwenza. I-biopsy ithatha izicubu ematrix e-nail, okungabangela ukuhluleka. Lokhu kungase kungabi yilokho okufunayo, kodwa i-melanoma yisimo esibucayi sezokwelapha esizodinga ukwelashwa.
Umthombo:
UJulie Jefferson * noFiebe Rich. "Melanonychia." I-Dermatol Res Pract. 2012; 2012: 952186. Ishicilelwe ku-intanethi 2012 Jun 27. ini: 10.1155 / 2012/952186. I-PMCID: PMC3390039