Izindwangu zethu zandiswe izandiso eziphezulu zesikhumba sethu futhi zenziwe ngeproteinyini efanayo enzima, ebizwa ngokuthi i-keratin. Isipikili sikhula endaweni engaphansi kwesikhumba esaziwa ngokuthi i-matrix futhi ixhunyaniswe ngokujulile esikebheni segazi nesembatho se-nail esinezintambo ezicebile ngaphansi kwayo.
Izikhonkwane zethu zibhekene nokucindezeleka okukhulu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuxubha ngezicathulo, izinyosi ezinamathela, noma ukuhlala njalo kwama-bacterium kanye nesibungulu (faka imvelo ngaphakathi kwesihlangu).
Ngenxa yalezi zimo, kunezinkinga ezintathu ezijwayelekile zokubhekana nezinkinga esizibona njalo.
I-Toenail Fungus
I-toenail fungus, noma i-onychomycosis, i-infection ekhula kancane ye-nail nelesikhumba ngaphansi kwayo.
Isizathu:
Ungase umangale uma uzwa ukuthi izifo ezithathelwanayo zibangelwa uhlobo olufanayo lwefungi elibangelwa unyawo lomdlali. Eqinisweni, abantu abajwayele ukuhamba ngezinyawo bangase babe nezinkinga zokutheleleka kwezifo.
I-toenail ukhunta ingathinta noma ubani kodwa igcwele kakhulu ukuguga. Abantu abanezifo ezithile, ezifana nesifo sikashukela kanye nezimo ezithinta ukuguqulwa kwesigungu, ziyakwazi ukutheleleka kwezifo ze-nail, kanye nabantu abaye banqanda amasosha omzimba.
Ezinye izici ezingozini zihlanganisa:
- I-Hyperhidrosis, noma ukuthambekela kokuya ezinyaweni ze-sweaty
- Izifo zesikhumba njalo zesikhumba
- I-Trauma ku-nail
- Ukugqoka izicathulo ezihlinzeka ngendawo enomanzi, emnyama futhi efudumele ukuze isikhunta sikhule
Izimpawu:
Izifo ze-Fungal zivame ukuvela ngaphansi kwesipikili bese ziqala ekupheleni kwesipikili (lapho kutholwa khona).
Izinguquko ezivame kakhulu ezenzeka ngezifo ezinamafayilini zihlanganisa:
- Ukungcoliswa ngaphansi kwepikili, ngokuvamile okumnyama, okumhlophe, noma okuphuzi
- Ukuqiniswa kwesipikili
- Ukwanda kwezidumbu ezimhlophe ngaphansi kwepikili okungukuthi i-keratin, iphrotheni enikeza isimo isikhumba nezipikili
- Ingxenye ekhonjisiwe ye-nail ingase ikhululeke noma ihlukaniswe embhedeni wesipikili
- I-nail ibonakala 'iqhuma' noma iphule
Ngaphansi kokuncane, ukutheleleka kungabonakala njenge-white, i-powdery discoloration ngaphezulu kwesipikili.
Ukwelashwa:
Ukwelashwa ehhovisi lika-podiatrist cishe kuyobandakanya ukukhathala, noma ukunciphisa phansi nokukhipha imfucuza kanye nesilonda esibulalayo. Lokhu kuzosiza ukunciphisa ubukhulu be-nail bese kunciphisa ukungahambi kahle okungahle kwenzeke ngokugqoka izicathulo. Ukungahambisani nakho kungase kwandise futhi ukuphumelela kwezifo zokwelapha.
Imithi ye-oral antifungal kanye / noma amandla omuthi wezokwelapha angase abekwe. Kodwa-ke, imithi ye-antifungal ngomlomo akuyona inketho kubantu abaningi ngenxa yemiphumela emibi kanye nezindleko.
Futhi, kunezinhlobo eziningi zemithi yokwelapha engaphezulu kwe-counterpiical for fenus. Kodwa-ke, njengoba i-fungus ihlala ejulile ngaphansi kwesipikili nangaphansi kwayo, le mithi inempumelelo ekunciphiseni imithi, ikakhulukazi uma isakazeke ngokuphawulekayo kuzo zonke izipikili.
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ze-nail ezintsha zivela, kufaka phakathi ukwelashwa kwama-laser owathola imvume ye-FDA.
I-Inrown Toenail
I-inenawn inenail yenzeka lapho umgogodla we-toen, ngokuvamile u-toe omkhulu, ukhula esikhumbeni esiseduze nawo (okuthiwa i-lateral nail fold).
Isizathu:
Izingosi ezandisa amathuba omuntu wokuthuthukisa i-ingrown toenail zihlanganisa:
- Ukufaka izicathulo noma amasokisi angalungile
- Ukuma okungavamile kwezwane
- Ukuhlukunyezwa kwamahlombe
- Izinhlayiya zenziwe zifushane kakhulu
- Umlando womndeni wezinhlanzi ezingenayo
- Izifo ze-fungal
- Ukukhula kweminyaka
- Izinkinga zezempilo ezifana nokusabalalisa umlenze omncane noma isifo samaphaphu
Izimpawu:
I-inrown toenail ibangela ubuhlungu ohlangothini lwezinzwane kanye nokuvuvukala. Kungathathwa igciwane elingabangela ubomvu, ukuvuvukala okwanda, nobuhlungu, ukufudumala, kanye / noma ukukhipha. Qaphela ukuthi isici esinezinyosi ze-nail ngokuvamile asibonakali ngoba singaphansi kwesikhumba.
Ukwelashwa:
Ukwelashwa kwe-ingrown toenail kungenziwa ekhaya ngaphandle uma kukhona ukusola kokutheleleka noma uma unesifo sofuba, njengesifo sikashukela , umonakalo wezinzwa noma ukusabalalisa okubi.
Isinyathelo sokuqala sokunakekelwa ekhaya ukugxilisa inyawo lakho kulesisombululo sikasawoti e- Epsom usebenzisa amanzi okushisa kwamakamelo. Bese uphonsa uhlangothi lwesikhumba sakho ngobumnene ukuze unciphise ukuvuvukala. Qinisekisa ukuthi ungayinqamuli into yakho futhi ucabange ukugqoka izicathulo ezivulekile njengezicathulo kuze kube yilapho inkinga ixazulula.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungase kudingeke ukuba uhlolisise ukulingana nokuma kwezicathulo zakho namasokisi ukuhlola ukuthi yilokho okubangela inkinga yakho eqhubekayo. Kungase kusho ukuthi kufanele ukhethe phakathi kwezicathulo ezimnandi nezinzwane ezinobuhle.
Uma udokotela wakho esolwa ukuthi une-infection, kungase kudingeke uthathe i-antibiotic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phawula ukuthi udokotela wakho angase adinge ukususa ingxenye noma ukuzivikela okuphelele ukuze unciphise ukuvuvukala.
I-Trailer Trauma
I-trauma kuya kwi-toenail ingaba yindabuko noma ivele ibe ngumphumela wokulimala kanzima.
Isizathu:
Ukuhlukumezeka kwe-toenail kungase kwenzeke kusuka ekuhlabheni okuphindaphindiwe ngokuphambene nesihlangu uma uhamba noma ugijima. Kungenzeka ukuthi izicathulo zakho ezintsha ziqinile noma zikhululekile, ezingabangela ukuqhuma okuningi ngokumelene nezwane zakho lapho usebenza. Kungase futhi kube umphumela wokulimala okungazelelwe, njengokubamba inzwane yakho noma ukuphonsa into kuso.
Izimpawu:
Ukulimala esikhungweni sokukhula se-nail, noma i-matrix, kungabangela izinguquko ezimbalwa ezingenzeka kwi-nail. Izinguquko ezingase zenzeke zibandakanya igazi nokulimala ngaphansi kwezinsizakalo, ukufaka ukuqina, noma ukulahlekelwa.
Ukuhlukunyezwa kwe-toenail kungabangela ukutheleleka kokubili kwe-bacterial noma fungal uma ngabe kukhona ingxenye ye-nail evulekile. Lokhu kungaholela ekudumeni kwamnyama kwe-toenail. Ukuhlukunyezwa okunamandla kungaholela ekuphukeni kwethambo ngaphansi kwepikili, lapho isikhali siseduze khona.
Kunoma yikuphi, kungcono ukuthi ube nezinguquko zombala ezibukekayo noma ukuguqula ukukhululeka okuhlolwe ngumjobi wesayensi noma omunye udokotela. Kwezinye izimo, nakuba kungavamile, ukungcola okumnyama noma okumnyama kungaba izibonakaliso ze-melanoma yomdlavuza wesikhumba.
Ukwelashwa:
Ukuba ne-toenail ebanzi noma eyonakele kukhishwe ngokuhlinzwa ngeke kuholele ekukhomeni okunempilo okukhulayo endaweni yayo. Uma isikhungo sokukhula se-nail (i-nail matrix) sonakalisiwe, ngokuvamile siqhubeka sikhiphe isikhunkwane esinyanyisiwe noma esicacile.
Izwi elivela
Uma unenkinga yezinkinga, ungase uzizwe unamahloni ngokubonakala kwawo. Noma ungase ukhathazeke ngokuthi noma yini engalungile nge-toenail yakho iwindi ibe yisimo sempilo esingaphansi esingakaze sitholwe.
Nokho, ngethemba ukuthi lolu lwazi oluyisisekelo luzosiza ekunciphiseni ukukhathazeka kwakho kancane bese ulungele ukuvakasha kukadokotela wakho.
> Imithombo:
> Mozena, DPM, uJohn D. noMitnick, DPM, uJoshuwa P. "Imiqondo Evelayo Ekuphatheni i-Onychomycosis". I-Podiatry Namuhla. Okthoba 2009; 22 (10): 46-51.
> Westerberg D, Voyack MJ. I-Onychomycosis: Amathrendi Amanje E-Diagnosis and Treatment. Am Fam Physician . 2013 Dec 1; 88 (11): 762-70.