I-Nasacort Yokuzivocavoca 24 Ihora (i-triamcinolone) kwakuyi-first intranasal corticosteroid ye-nasal spray eyatholakala ngaphezu kwe-counter (OTC) ngaphandle kwemithi. Kuyinto imithi efanayo njengoba inguqulo kadokotela. I-Flonase ne-Rhinocort yaphinde yaba yi-OTC. Ingabe kufanele usebenzise le mithi, noma enye ye-anti-anti-stistamine ye-OTC, njenge-Zyrtec, i-Claritin noma i-Allegra?
Impendulo ixhomeke kuhlobo nokuqina kwezibonakaliso zakho.
I-intranasal Corticosteroids Thatha Isikhathi Sokusebenza
I-corticosteroids ye-intranasal, i-Nasacort, i-Flonase, ne-Rhinocort, mhlawumbe imithi ephumelela kunazo zonke ye-OTC yokwelapha izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba. Ukuhlukunyezwa kubo ukuthi ngeke basebenze ngesisekelo esidingekayo. I-corticosteroids ye-intranasal ithatha isikhathi sokusebenza-ingase iqale ukunikeza ukukhululeka kwezibonakaliso zokungezwani emva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ukuya kwezingu-10, kodwa ukukhululeka okugcwele kungatholakali izinsuku.
Ama-antihistamine, njenge-Zyrtec (cetirizine), i-Allegra (fexofenadine) noClaritin (i-loratadine), ngakolunye uhlangothi, avame ukusebenza ngokushesha, ngokuvamile phakathi kwamahora ambalwa (noma ngaphansi) kokuthatha imithi. Ngakho-ke, le mithi isebenza kahle uma ithathwa njengesisekelo esidingekayo.
Ama-antihistamine asebenza kangcono ekwelapheni ikhala elimnandi, amehlo anamehlo futhi ahlambalaza-futhi angaphansi kahle kwezimpawu zokungqubuzana komzimba noma impumu egijima.
Kulezi zinhlobo ezintathu zama-antihistamines amasha (futhi angaphansi kancane), umsebenzi we-Zyrtec no-Allegra ikakhulukazi ukwelashwa kwemithi-futhi ngokuvamile ngaphakathi kwehora. UClaritin, ngakolunye uhlangothi, asebenzi futhi uthatha cishe amahora amathathu ukuze asebenze ngokugcwele. Zonke lezi zintathu zama-antihistamine ziyizikhethelo ezinhle zokuphulukiswa kwezifo zentwasahlobo futhi zinganconywa ngokuthatha i-antihistamine yokuhlala efana ne-Benadryl.
Okunye okunye okufakwe ku-OTC okutholakala nge-nasal okutholakala ne-OTC kubandakanya ama-decongestant yama-nasal (nasese- Afrin ) no-NasalCrom (cromolyn).
Ukuphikisana Ngokwe-OTC Ukutholakala kwe-Intranasal Corticosteroids
Esinye isici okufanele sicatshangelwe ukuthi izinhlangano eziningi zezokwelapha, izazi zezingane kanye nama-otolaryngologists ziphikisana ne-corticosteroids ye-intranasal eyenziwa i-OTC. Babephikisana ngaphambili ne-antihistamine Claritin ukuba itholakale ngaphandle kwemithi.
Kodwa-ke, phakathi neminyaka yama-1990, i-FDA ibize ukuthi i- rhinitis ye-allergen iyisifo esingaziwa futhi siphathwe ngaphandle kochwepheshe bezempilo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-FDA inomuzwa wokuthi kuphephile ukuba ube nokuzihlola komphakathi futhi uphathe i-rhinitis ye-allergen isebenzisa imikhiqizo ye-OTC. I-corticosteroids ye-intranasal ingase ingabi ephephile njenge-antihistamines, noma kunjalo, ngakho-ke izingozi nezinzuzo kufanele zicatshangelwe. Nazi izimpikiswano ukuthi ochwepheshe bezokwelapha benza pro and con.
Izinzuzo
I-Nasal corticosteroid sprays seyitholakale emakethe ngemithi engaphezu kweminyaka engama-30, ngokuningi kwemininingwane yokuphepha eqoqwe ngaleso sikhathi. Imiphumela emibi kakhulu ebandakanya ukucasuka kwe-nasal yendawo kanye ne-nosebleeds, ngokuvamile evamile.
Okuphathelene nomphumela wecala kungenzeka ukuthi i- nasal perforation yama-nasal , nakuba lokhu kungavamile. Iningi labantu kufanele lilandele imiyalelo yephakheji eyofaka ulwazi mayelana nokuyeka ukusetshenziswa kwe-corticosteroids ye-intranasal uma i-nosebleeds noma i-irritation yenzeka.
Ngaphandle kwemiphumela emibi yangakini, i-corticosteroids ye-intranasal ayikho into ebangela imiphumela emihle yomzimba. Ukuhlolwa kwe-corticosteroids ye-intranasal ngaphezu kweminyaka emibili akubonanga ukwanda okukhulu kwe-glaucoma noma ukwakheka kwe-cataract. Ezinye izifundo zahluleka ukukhombisa noma yibuphi ubufakazi bokuxoshwa kwe- hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) , okubonisa ukuthi inani le-steroid lithatha, elichaphazela ukubunjwa kwe-cortisol yomzimba.
Kube khona ukukhathazeka ngokunciphisa ukukhula okuphezulu ezinganeni nge-corticosteroids ye-intranasal, nakuba le miphumela iyingcosana futhi ingavumelani. Ukulinganisa ukukhula komsebenzi oqeqeshiwe wezempilo kunconywa ukuthi izingane zisebenzise i-corticosteroids yangaphakathi noma yangaphakathi.
Kukhona nokukhathazeka ngokwezomnotho ngokutholakala kwe-corticosteroids ye-intranasal i-OTC. Umshuwalense wezokwelapha awukwazi ukumboza imikhiqizo ye-OTC ehlanganisiwe uma ishiwo. Noma kunjalo, lokhu kungase kube inzuzo kwabanye abantu, njengoba izindleko zokuya kuqokwa udokotela zidlula kakhulu komkhiqizo we-OTC. Abantu bangase babe nethuba lokuzama umkhiqizo we-OTC ngenxa yezibonakaliso zabo ze-rhinitis, uma kuqhathaniswa nokwenza umzamo wokuthola imithi. Lokhu kungaholela ekulawuleni kangcono izimpawu kanye nekhwalithi yokuphila ethuthukisiwe.
I-Cons
Izinhlangano eziningi zezokwelapha zezokwelapha zikholelwa ukuthi ukuba ne-intranasal corticosteroids etholakalayo i-OTC ingumqondo omubi. Izizathu zalokhu ikakhulukazi zihlobene nokuphepha, njengoba izifundo ezihlukahlukene zibonise ukuthi izinhlobo ezithile zemiphumela emibi zingase zenzeke. Lokhu kufaka:
- Ezinye izifundo zibonisa umphumela ekukhuleni okuqondile ezinganeni, nakuba ezinye izifundo zihlulekile ukubonisa noma yimiphi imiphumela ephawulekayo. Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi izingane ezisebenzisa le mithi kufanele zihlolwe ngokucophelela.
- Kubantu abanomlando womndeni we-glaucoma, kukhona ingozi eyengeziwe yokuthuthukisa i-glaucoma.
- Kubonakala sengathi abantu asebekhulile bangengozi enkulu yokuthuthukisa izidakamizwa kusukela ekusebenziseni isikhathi eside.
- Kubonakala sengathi kunomthelela othile emithini yamaminerali esitokisini kusukela ekusetshenzisweni okuqhubeka isikhathi eside, okungaholela ekutheni i- osteoporosis ivele .
Abaphikisi be-OTC i-corticosteroids ye-intranasal bakholelwa nokuthi abathengi ngeke baqonde ukuthi le mithi idinga ukusetshenziswa njalo ukuze isebenze. Ngokungafani nama-decongestant yama-nasal, azisa impumuzo emaminithi ambalwa, i-corticosteroids ye-intranasal ithatha amahora kuya kwezinsuku ukusebenza. Ngakho-ke, abantu bangase basebenzise amanani aphakeme kakhulu kunokunconywa, okungaholela eminye imiphumela emibi.
Imiphumela emibi eminingi nokungaqondi kahle ukuthi i-corticosteroids ye-intranasal ingasetshenziswa kanjani ukuba le mithi ihlale yimiyalo kuphela, evumela ukuba kuqashwe njalo ngumsebenzi wezempilo.
Izwi elivela
Ukuqonda ukusetshenziswa kahle kwemithi ye- OTC yokwelapha i-rhinitis ye-allergen kungakusiza ukuba ugweme imiphumela emibi. Ungase ufune ukuxoxa ngokukhetha kwakho nodokotela wakho, ikakhulukazi uma ucabangela ukuwasebenzisa izingane noma abantu abadala.
> Imithombo:
> Blaiss MS. I-Corticosteroids ye-Intranasal engaphezu kwe-Counter: Kungani Isikhathi Sifika Manje. Ann Ukuzivocavoca Isifo Somoya Immunol . 2013; 111: 316-8.
> Friedlander SL, et al. Ingozi Yezimphumela Ezimbi, Ukungahambi kahle Kwegazi, Nokunakekelwa Okuneziguli Ezihambisana Nokusetshenziswa Kwe-Over-the-Counter Triamcinolone. Ann Ukuzivocavoca Isifo Somoya Immunol . 2013; 111: 319-22.