Ama-Syndromes eParanoplastic Abantu Abantu abane-Lung Cancer
I-Paraneoplastic syndrome iyisethi sezimpawu ezenzeka ngenxa yesikhumba esivela emzimbeni, kodwa hhayi eseceleni kumdlavuza uqobo. Izimpawu ze-paraneoplastic zivela ngenxa yokuphendula komzimba ngomzimba, noma izinto ezigcinwe ngamangqamuzana omzimba.
I-Paraneoplastic Syndrome e-Cancer Lung
I-paraneoplastic syndromes ivela ezingxenyeni ezingamaphesenti angu-10 zabantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu.
Zingabandakanya cishe noma yikuphi uhlelo lomzimba (okuxoxwa ngezansi ngezansi) futhi ziyimpawu ezingavamile ukuhambisana nomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Izimpawu ezivela kulezi zinkinga zingase zibe izimpawu zokuqala zomdlavuza wamaphaphu, ezivela kahle ngaphambi kokuba izimpawu zomdlavuza uqobo.
Izinhlobo Eziningi Ezivamile
Kunezinqwaba zezimpawu ze-paraneoplastic ezibonwe nomdlavuza wamaphaphu, kodwa okubili okujwayelekile kufaka:
- I-Hypercalcemia ene-squamous cell carcinoma yamaphaphu
- I-Syndrome ye-Inappropriate ADH (SIADH) ekusithekeni ngomdlavuza omncane we-cell lung
I-hypercalcemia njenge-Synthetic Paraneoplastic
I-hypercalcemia njengesifo se-paraneoplastic syndrome senzeke kakhulu kaningi nge- squamous cell carcinoma yamaphaphu , uhlobo lwe-non-small cell cell lung cancer. I-Hypercalcemia ibhekisela ezingeni eliphakeme le-calcium egazini. I-hypercalcemia nomdlavuza wamaphaphu ingabangelwa ukuhlanganiswa komdlavuza okwehlisa i-hormone eyaziwa ngokuthi i-protheroid hormone protein, kanye ne-calcium ekhishwa ukuwohloka kwethambo ngenxa yomdlavuza okhona ethambo .
Izimpawu zingabandakanya ukoma, ubuthakathaka bomzimba, ukulahlekelwa ukudla, ukudideka, ubuhlungu besisu, nokucindezeleka. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokwelapha i-hypercalcemia ngokuphatha umdlavuza ngokwayo, kodwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abantu bathola uketshezi okwanele kubaluleke kakhulu kokubili izimpawu, futhi ngoba lesi sifo sivame ukubangela ukulimala kwezinso.
I-Syndrome ye-ADH Secretion engafanele (i-SIADH)
I-SIADH iyenzeka kakhulu kanomdlavuza wamangqamuzana omncane wamangqamuzana , futhi ibonakala ngezinga eliphansi le-sodium egazini (hyponatremia.) Izimpawu zingabandakanya ukuphathwa ikhanda, ukukhubazeka kwemisipha, ukulahlekelwa inkumbulo nokukhathala, kodwa uma kwenzeka ngokushesha kakhulu noma kunzima kakhulu kungabangela ukuhlukunyezwa nokulahlekelwa ukwazi. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokwelapha i-SIADH ukwelapha umdlavuza, futhi ucwaningo olulodwa lwathola ukuthi ukwelapha umdlavuza omncane wamangqamuzana wamaphaphu nge chemotherapy kunganciphisa izimpawu zabantu abangaba ngu-80%. Imithi ekhethekile ye-hyponatremia (i-sodium ephansi) ngenxa ye-SIADH ingase ihlanganise ukuvimbela ukungenisa kwamanzi noma ukusebenzisa ezinye iziphuzo noma imithi.
Amanye ama-Syndromes eParanoplastic ne-Cancer Lung
I-paraneoplastic syndromes ingathinta cishe noma yisiphi isifunda somzimba futhi ibangele izimpawu eziningi ezahlukene. Ezinye ze-syndromes ezivame ukubandakanya ubuchopho, isimiso se-endocrine, isikhumba, izinso, amehlo, amathambo namaseli egazi. Njengoba lezi zimpawu zingase zenzeke ngaphambi kokuba umtholampilo wamaphaphu utholakale, kungadabukisa kakhulu njengoba odokotela befuna izimbangela. Ezinye izibonelo ezimbalwa zalesi sifo esingase zivele emdlavuza wamaphaphu zihlanganisa:
- I-Cushing's syndrome - Izinga eliphakeme le-cortisol egazini lingabangela ukuvuvukala, ukucindezela kwegazi eliphezulu, ukubukeka kwenyanga "ebusweni," nokwelula amanothi (njengabesifazane abangase bahlakulele ekukhulelwe.)
- I-Acromegaly - Kule syndrome, umdlavuza wamaphaphu ungenza i-hormone efana ne-hormone yokukhula, engabantu abadala abangabangela ukukhula kwezandla nezinyawo.
- I-polymyositis / dermatomyositis - Ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba nezicubu ezithambile kungenzeka, ikakhulukazi ngomdlavuza we-squamous cell lung.
- I-syndromes ye-neurological - Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-syndromes ezinamazinyo ezingamelana nezifo ze-paraneoplastic syndromes nomdlavuza wamaphaphu, nesibonelo esisodwa sibe i-cerebellar ataxia - ukuvuvukala kobuchopho okubangelwa ukuntuleka noma ukuxhumana.
- I-paraneolplastic glomerulopathy yinkinga yezinso okungenzeka ikhona nomdlavuza wamaphaphu njengesifo se-paraneoplastic syndrome.
Ukwelapha
I-paraneoplastic syndromes ihlukahluka kakhulu ezimpawu zabo, futhi kungase kube nezimbangela eziningana zalezi zinhlobo ezithile ze-syndromes, ngakho-ke ukwelashwa kuzoba ngabanye ngabanye. Ngokuvamile, ukwelashwa okungcono kunazo zonke lezi - ikakhulukazi njengoba izinto ezibangela lezi zimpawu ngokuvamile zikhiqizwa ngamangqamuzana omdlavuza noma ngomzimba ekuphenduleni kumangqamuzana omdlavuza - ukwelapha umdlavuza womzimba. Ngokujabulisayo, ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu - ngisho nomdlavuza wamaphaphu ophuthumayo - uye wakhula eminyakeni embalwa edlule, futhi kwenziwa inqubekelaphambili ngisho nakakhulu kunzima ukwelapha umdlavuza njenge-squamous cell carcinoma yamaphaphu nomdlavuza omncane wamangqamuzana wamaphaphu.
> Imithombo:
> Pelosof, L, noD. Gerber. I-paraneoplastic syndromes: indlela yokuxilongwa nokuphathwa. I-Mayo Clinic Proceedings . 2010. 85 (9): 838-54.
> Kanaji, N., Watanabe, N., Kita, N. kanye ne-Paraneoplastic syndromes ezihambisana nomdlavuza wamaphaphu. I-World Journal ye-Clinical Oncology . 2014. 5 (3): 197-223.