I-Cerebral Salt Symptoms and Syndrome Yase-SIADH njengezizathu zezinga eliphansi le-sodium
Amazinga aphansi e-sodium (hyponatremia) ezigulini ze-neurology angabangela ukugubha noma i-coma. Ezigulini ezinomonakalo wobuchopho, izinga eliphansi lezinga le-sodium egazini lingabangela uketshezi ukuvuza phezu kwezindonga zegazi kanye nokuvuvukala okubi kakhulu ebuchosheni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinga le-sodium eliphakeme kakhulu (hypernatremia) ngokuvamile liwuphawu lokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi.
Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, lokhu kungase kuholele ekugubheni nase-coma.
Kungani Ukuhlola Imibuzo Yezinga Eliphansi LeSodidi noma Eliphezulu?
Ukuhlola i-electrolyte njenge-sodium, i-potassium, i-calcium ne-bicarbonate yinto evamile esibhedlela. Eqinisweni, iphaneli le-electrolyte livame ukufakwa egazini legazi nsuku zonke ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi amazinga alawa makhemikhali abalulekile angaphansi kwemingcele evamile. Ngenkathi abanye bebheka ukuthi ukuhlola lezi zinsuku zonke kuneziguli eziningi ngokweqile, kunezizathu ezinhle kakhulu zokukhathazeka uma amazinga e-electrolyte engavamile, futhi kufanele ahlolwe okungenani nsuku zonke enyunithi yokunakekelwa kwengqondo ejulile.
Ngenxa yokuthi ukuvuvukala kobuchopho kungabangela ukulimala, ukulimala kakhudlwana kwengqondo, nokufa, odokotela be-ICU yezinzwa ngokuvamile baqaphele ngokukhethekile ukugwema amazinga aphansi e-sodium egazi. Ngeshwa, ukuphazamiseka okunjenge- hemorrhage engaphansi kwe-subarachnoid , izicubu zobuchopho , isifo sokushaya isisu kanye ne- meningitis kungabangela i-hyponatremia, futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuqhuma ukuvuvukala kobuchopho.
Indlela abenza ngayo lokhu ngokuguqula ukulawulwa kwama-hormonal evamile kwamanzi namazinga e-sodium emzimbeni.
Sibutsetelo samazinga eSodium
Kuyinto evamile ngisho nabafundi bezokwelapha bezinyanga zokuqala ukuba badideke ngenxa yezinkinga ze-sodium. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lokho okuyi-value lebhu yegazi empeleni kulinganisa ukuhlushwa.
Okusho ukuthi inani limelela inani le-sodium ngokwemali yetshezi. Kunezindlela ezimbili, ke-ke, ukuthi leli zinga lingaba liphansi:
- I-sodium ingaba yinombolo ephansi, noma
- Kungase kube nokwanda kwenani lamanzi.
Eqinisweni, isimo sesimanje sivame kakhulu futhi singasiza ukudweba amabhola amahlanu we-ping-pong egeleza embizeni yamanzi. Ibhola ngalinye limelela i-molecule ye-sodium. Uma imbiza yamanzi encane, i-balls izobe ihlanganiswe ngokuqinile-lokhu kufana nokuthi ukuhlushwa kuphakeme.
Uma imbiza ikhulu kakhulu (okungukuthi, inqwaba yamanzi), amabhola azoba kude kakhulu-lokhu kufana nokuthi ukuhlushwa kuphansi. Empeleni, inani lamabhola e-ping-pong lihlala lifanayo. Ngokuvamile, i-hyponatremia empeleni imelela inani elikhulu lomkhuhlane, njengokungathi ibhodlela elikhulu lamanzi.
Ama-syndromes angabangela i-Hyponatremia
Izimo eziningi ezenzekayo nezindlela zokuphila zingaholela ku-hyponatremia, kodwa ikakhulukazi kwi-neurology, ama-syndromes angu-2 angabangela izingqondo ezincane ze-sodium:
I-Syndrome ye-Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Hypersecretion (i-SIADH). Le syndrome yindlela eyodwa lapho izingxube ze-sodium zingaba ziphansi. I-hormone ye-antidiuretic (ADH) ivame ukufihlwa ngumzimba ukugcina amanzi.
Lokhu kungaba usizo kakhulu, isibonelo, ngosuku olushisayo lwehlobo. I-hormone ivame ukuhlolwa uma amazinga ahlanzekile efinyelela inani elithile. E-SIADH, amabhuleki avamile ekuvimbeleni i-ADH ayisebenzi, futhi umzimba uqhubeka unamanzi.
Ngeshwa, izinkinga eziningi ze-neurological zibangela i-SIADH, ewela phansi inani elilinganisako le-sodium ekusakazweni kwegazi futhi lingadala ukuvuvukala kobuchopho. Lokhu kungaholela ekwehleni lapho inkinga efana ne-meningitis ibangela i-SIADH, ebangela ukuvuvukala kobuchopho, okwenza ubuhlungu be-SIADH, njalonjalo.
I-SIADH ingabangelwa nezinye izinkinga ngaphandle kokulimala kwemvelo. Isibonelo, izinkinga zamaphaphu afana nomdlavuza noma i- pneumonia zingabangela futhi i-SIADH, njengoba nemithi eminingi ingafana ne-carbamazepine ne-amitriptyline.
Isidakamizwa esingekho emthethweni ecstasy singabangela futhi i-SIADH.
Njengoba sesixoxile, nakuba i-SIADH ibangela izingxube ezincane ze-sodium, yenza kanjalo ngenxa yokungena kwamanzi okuphunyuka. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kunganciphisa ukuthi amanzi adluliselwa kangakanani, futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi imbangela ebalulekile iqondiswa.
I-Cerebral Salt Salt Isifo (CSWS). Le syndrome nayo ibangelwa ukulimala kwengqondo, futhi ibangela ukulahlekelwa kwe-sodium, ngakho-ke, kungaba nzima ukuhlukanisa kusuka ku-SIADH. Noma kunjalo, le ndlela ihluke kakhulu.
Ukwabiwa kosawoti lwe-cerebral kuyinto ehlukile embusweni wokuthi i-hyponatremia empeleni imele amazinga aphezulu angavamile oketshezi olulondoloziwe. Njengoba igama liphakamisa, ukusabalala ketshezi lwama-cerebral empeleni kubangelwa ukuthi umzimba ugobile uqobo usawoti. Ukubuyela esibonelweni sethu sangaphambilini, kunjengokungathi amabhola we-ping-pong empeleni asuswa emgodini, okwenza ukuthi ukuhlushwa kugwetshwe.
Ukwabiwa kosawoti be-cerebral ngokuvamile kubonakala cishe ngesonto emva kokulimala kobuchopho futhi kuxazulula emva kwamasonto amabili kuya kwamane. Noma kunjalo, ngezinye izikhathi kungase kuhlale isikhathi eside, iminyaka ehlala njalo.
Ngenkathi i-SIADH ingabangela izinga lomzimba lomzimba okhulayo ukuba landa noma okungenani lihlale lifanayo, usawoti we-cerebral ukuchitha ukuholela ekudambisweni kwamanzi. Lena enye yezindlela kuphela zokuhlukanisa phakathi kwezinkinga ezimbili, ikakhulukazi esigulini esingazi lutho noma esilandelayo .
Izinketho zokwelapha
Kubalulekile ukuzama ukutshela umehluko phakathi kwe-CSWS ne-SIADH ngoba izinkinga ezimbili ziphathwa ngokuhluke kakhulu. Ku-CSWS, isiguli sidinga uketshezi noma kuzokwenziwa amandla emzimbeni. E-SIADH, izinga lomzimba wonke le-sodium empeleni lihlala elifanayo, kodwa inani le-sodium ngayinye isilinganiso samanzi liwela ngoba umzimba ugcina amanzi amaningi. Ukunikeza amanzi kuzokwenza ukuthi le nkinga ibe nzima nakakhulu, ngakho-ke iziguli ezine-SIADH ziphathwa ngokuvimbela inani lemithombo yamanzi nsuku zonke abangayithola. Ukutshela umehluko kungaba inselele, futhi kungesinye sezizathu eziningi ezenza iziguli zizuze ezinyunithi ezikhethekile zokunakekela lapho zihlaselwe ukulimala okukhulu kwegazi.
Imithombo:
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