I-Granulomas Ifomu Emzimbeni
I-Sarcoidosis yisifo esingenzeka kuwo wonke umzimba kodwa ikakhulukazi sithinta amaphaphu. E-sarcoidosis, ukuvuvukala kuveza iziqhumane zamaseli (ama-granulomas) emathanjeni omzimba. Ama-granulomas angakhula futhi ahlangane futhi ashintshe indlela isitho emzimbeni esebenza ngayo. Kungani ifomu le-granulomas lingacacile, kodwa abacwaningi bacabanga ukuthi i-sarcoidosis iqala uma isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela sisabela kwinto ethile emvelweni.
I-Sarcoidosis ithinta amadoda nabesifazane bazo zonke izizinda nezinhlanga. Kuvame ukutholakala ukuthi abantu abadala baneminyaka engama-20 no-40 ubudala. I-Sarcoidosis ivela kaningi eSweden, amaDanes, ama-Afrika aseMelika kanye nabantu base-Asia, isi-Irish, nesiPuerto Rican. Abantu abavame ukuthuthukisa i-sarcoidosis bahlanganisa:
- abasebenzi bezempilo
- abangaboni
- othisha besikole samabanga aphansi nabasekondari
- abantu abavelele othulini lwezolimo, izinambuzane, izibulala-zinambuzane noma isikhunta
- abacimi bomlilo
Izimpawu zeSarcoidosis
Abantu abaningi abane-sarcoidosis (amaphesenti angu-30 kuya kwangu-50) abanalo izimpawu. Ngokuvamile, lesi sifo sitholakala ngengozi uma laba bantu benesifo se-x-ray kwesinye into. Cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zabantu abane-sarcoidosis banezimpawu ezijwayelekile ezifana nalezi:
- umkhuhlane
- ukukhathala, ubuthakathaka
- ukulahlekelwa isisindo noma ukulahlekelwa ukudla
- ungazizwa kahle (malaise)
Abantu abane-sarcoidosis abangamapayipi abo abathintekayo yisifo (amaphesenti angu-90 abantu) banezimpawu ezifana nalezi:
- ukuphelelwa umoya
- ukukhwehlela owomile
- isondo
- ukuphuza esifubeni, ikakhulukazi ngokukhwehlela
Izimpawu zesikhumba ku-sarcoidosis (amaphesenti angu-25 abantu) zingabandakanya:
- izilonda, izilonda noma izindawo zesikhumba esicacile eduze nekhala, amehlo, emuva, izingalo, imilenze, noma isikhumba
- izibungu ezibuhlungu emagqumeni noma emagqabini abomvu noma obomvu okubomvu nombala ophakanyisiwe (obizwa ngokuthi "i-erythema nodosum")
- izilonda zesikhumba noma ngaphakathi ekhaleni, ezihlathini, izindlebe, izinkophelo noma iminwe (ebizwa ngokuthi "lupus pernio")
I-Sarcoidosis ingathinta amehlo, inhliziyo kanye nezinye izitho zomzimba, okwenza izimpawu ezengeziwe. I-Sarcoidosis ingabangela ubuhlungu obuhlangene nobunzima. Izimpawu ze-sarcoidosis zingase zifike noma zihlale isikhathi eside. Abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu ezimbalwa kuphela; abanye bangase babe nezinkinga eziningi.
Ukuthola i-Sarcoidosis
Ukuxilongwa kwe- sarcoidosis kungaba yinselele ngenxa yezibonakaliso eziningi ezihlukahlukene ezingaveza futhi ngoba izifo eziningi zingabangela izimpawu ezifanayo. Umlando wezokwelapha okuningiliziwe nokuhlolwa okuphelele ngokomzimba kungasiza ekuboneni i-sarcoidosis. Udokotela cishe uzoqhuba izivivinyo ezihlukahlukene, ezifana nesifo se-x-ray, ukuhlolwa kwe-lung function, i-electrocardiogram (ECG) kanye ne-computer ye-tomography (CT) ukuhlola izibonakaliso ze-sarcoidosis kanye nokusizwa ngokuxilongwa. Isampula yamathisipha emaphaphu (i-lung biopsy) ivame ukuthathwa ukuze ibheke ukuba khona kwama- granulomas .
Ukwelapha i-Sarcoidosis
I-Sarcoidosis ihlukahluka komunye nomuntu, ngakho-ke ukwelashwa kuyoba okuhlukile kwesiguli ngasinye futhi kuncike ekutheni uhlangabezana nesifo. Ukwazi ukuthi umzimba omningi uthinteka kanjani yi-sarcoidosis nokuthi ukuthi lesi sifo sisebenza kanjani kuzosiza ukunquma inkambo yokwelapha.
Abantu abangenayo izimpawu ngokuvamile abadingi ukwelashwa. Kulabo abanezimpawu, imithi i-prednisone iyona yokwelashwa okuyinhloko. Eminye imithi, efana neRheumatrex (methotrexate) noma i-Imuran (azathioprin), inganikezwa kanye ne-prednisone noma ithathwe yodwa. Eminye imithi ingadingeka kuye ngezibonakaliso, njengamaconsi ejoka noma izidakamizwa zenhliziyo. I-erythma nodosum ngokuvamile iyahamba ngaphandle kokwelashwa. I-Lupus pernio ingaphathwa nge-creams noma imithi ethathwa ngomlomo noma ijojwe esikhumbeni.
Imithombo:
> "Sarcoidosis." Izifo Zamafutha. Juni 2007. I-National Heart Lung ne-Blood Institute.
UWu, uJennifer J., noKarin Rashcovsky Schiff. "Sarcoidosis." I-American Family Physician 70 (2004): 312-322.