Ukuqothulwa komzimba kunciphisa ukuvama kwesigcawu sezitshalo ezakhelwe kahle futhi kubonakala izitshalo ezinzima futhi ezincane futhi kunzima ukuzixosha. Isimo esivumelanayo, esahluke kubantu ngabanye ngokusekelwe kwendlela yabo evamile yokunyakaza kwezimbilini kanye nezimpawu zabo zokungahambi kahle. Kungabangelwa yilokho okunciphisa i-motility yamathumbu noma okuvimbela amathumbu.
Ukuqothulwa kwenzeka kaningi ezigulini eziseduze nokuphela kokuphila. Iziguli ze-Cancer zingaba nesisindo esikhulu kunazo zonke, kanti amaphesenti angu-70 kuya kwabangu-100 amaphesenti eziguli anesibindi ngesikhathi sokugula. Lesi simo sithinta izinga lempilo yesiguli kakhulu. Kubangele ukucindezeleka ngokomzimba, kwezenhlalakahle nangokwengqondo ezigulini, ezingathinta nabanakekeli babo.
Izimpawu
Isibonakaliso sokuqala sokuqothulwa sinciphisa imvamisa kanye nenani lokunyakaza kwesibilini. Iziguli kanye nabanakekeli bazo ngezinye izikhathi zibonisa ukuthi lokhu kunciphisa ukudla okunciphisa ukudla noma uketshezi. Ngenxa yokuthi ukuqothulwa kungokwemvelo, kusho ukuthini isiguli esisodwa. Isibonelo, uma isiguli sivame ukuba nokunyakaza kwamathumbu nsuku zonke futhi ngokuzumayo siqala ukuba nabo kathathu ngesonto, ukuqotshwa kufanele kubhekwe. Uma, noma kunjalo, isiguli sivame ukunyakaza ngamalanga onke, ukuhamba izinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu ngaphandle komunye kungase kungabi inkinga.
Ezinye izibonakaliso zokuqothulwa zifaka ukubhuka , ukuvinjwa kwesisu , ukuguqulwa kwesilinganiso segesi esadlulayo, isisindo segesi esiphuthumayo, ubuhlungu obungama-rectal noma ukucindezelwa, ubuhlungu obuphambene nemisipha yokunyakaza, nokungakwazi ukweqa isithunzi. Uma ukuqotshwa kungakaphenduli isikhathi esithile, isicanucanu nokuhlanza kungenzeka futhi.
Izimbangela
Ukuqokwa kungabangelwa yisifo. Ukuqotshwa okuhlobene nomdlavuza kungabangelwa izicubu ezithombeni noma eziseduze nezitho zokugaya, umgogodla, noma isifunda se-pelvic. Ama-tumor angase acindezele noma avimbele isilonda noma aphuze umkhuhlane wamathumbu.
Izifo ze-neurological-njenge- Parkinson , i- MS , ne- ALS -zikhathi ezithile ziphazamisa ukungasebenzi komzimba. Isifo sikashukela singabangela i-neuropathy eholela ekunciphiseni ukunyakaza ekoloni. Ezinye izimo, ezifana ne-hypothyroidism, zingabangela ukuqunjelwa.
Ukuguqula indlela yokuphila njengokunciphisa ukudla kanye nokudla okuketshezi kungaholela ku- hypercalcemia , noma ukwanda kwe-calcium egazini, okungaholela ekunciphiseni ukungena kwamanzi emathunjini, okubangela ukuqothulwa. Ubuthakathaka nokuncipha komsebenzi kuthinta ikhono lokusebenzisa imisipha yamasondo kanye nokuphumula imisipha yomzimba, okubalulekile ekuqedeni okufanele.
Imithi ingase ibe necala lokuqothulwa. Ama-analgesics e-opioid, afana ne-morphine ne-oxycodone, anciphisa i-motility yamathunjini ngokucindezela phambili i-peristalsis futhi akhulise ithoni ye-sphincter yesilwane. Ama-opioids nawo akhulisa ukungena kwamanzi kanye ne-electrolytes emathunjini amakhulu nezincane, okuholela ezitheni ezinzima, ezomile.
Eminye imithi engase ibe nomthelela ekuqotheni ihlanganisa:
- I-Vinka alkaloid chemotherapy efana ne-Velban (vinblastine)
- Izidakamizwa ze-Anticholinergic njengePhenergan (promethazine)
- Ama-anti-depressant Tricyclic afana ne-Paxil (i-paroxetine)
- Izidakamizwa ze-Antiparkinsonian ezifaka i-levodopa
- Izithako ze-Iron
- Antihypertensives (imithi ephakeme yegazi)
- Ama-Antihistamine afana ne-Benadryl (diphenhydramine)
- Ama-Antacids
- Izidakamizwa ezihlanganisa uLasix (furosemide)
Ngingazivimbela Kanjani Noma Ngiphathe Ukuqotshwa?
Ukuvimbela ukuqothulwa ngokuphumelelayo kusekelwe ekutheni uketshezi olwanele, ukudla okufanele, nokusebenza ngokomzimba (ukusebenza okugqugquzela izibilini).
Imithombo:
I-Kinzbrunner, i-BM; I-Weinreb, NJ; I-Policzer, i-JS; Izinkinga Ezivamile: Ukuphela Kokunakekelwa Kwezempilo, uMcGraw-Hill Publishing, 2002.
Ferrell, BR, noCoyle, N; I-Bookbook ye-Nursing Palliative, i-Oxford University Press, ngo-2006.