Ukuvuthwa yisifo esivamile kodwa esesabekayo esivame ukukhuthaza abantu ukuba babone udokotela wabo. Ichazwa njengomsindo ozwakalayo wokushaya umsindo okwenzeka ngokuphefumula.
Sibutsetelo
Ukushisa kungenziwa kokubili ngokuphefumula (ukuphefumula kwesibindi) nangokuphefumula (ukuphefumula okuphefumulayo), nakuba kuvame ukuphefumula. Ngenkathi abantu abaningi-kanye nodokotela kanye nokucabanga nge-asthma lapho bezwa ukuvuthwa, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi "konke okuhambayo akusiyo i-asthma."
Ngaphandle kwezinye izimbangela zokugwinya, ngezinye izikhathi abantu banezimo ezingaphezu kweyodwa eziholela ekuguleni. Lokho kuyindlela ende yokusho ukuthi noma ubani onamasondo kufanele ahlolisise ngokucophelela izimpawu zawo.
Ukuhlaziya
Ngaphambi kokuba ukhulume ngesondo, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi imisindo ozwayo emapapeni yakho iyashaya ngempela. Kungani? Ngenxa yokuthi kunezinye izandi ezingase ziphuthelwe ngokushaya futhi ukuhlola okuqondile kungabalulekile ekutholeni izimbangela.
Odokotela basebentisa leligama lekusebentisa emagama ekuchazeni inchubo yekulalela emaphaphu ekukhona nobe ekungabikho kwemisindvo "evamile" yemaphaphu kanye nanoma yimiphi imisindvo levakala ngayo.
Ukugubha ngokumelene neStridor
Isitela yisimpawu esivame ukuphutha ngokushisa. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba kunezimbangela ezimbalwa zegridi eziyingozi eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha.
Umzila unomsindo ovame ukukhipha izingoma-inothi elilodwa kuphela kunezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zomculo.
Kuvame ukuphakama ngaphezu kwemisindo ngenxa yokuvuthwa futhi kwenzeka ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuphefumulelwa. Umzila uvame ukuphakama ngaphezu kwentamo yangaphakathi, kanti ukuvuthwa kungaba nomsindo kakhulu ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene kuye ngokuthi yiziphi izindiza ezinamandla ezithintekile kakhulu.
Ngokungafani nesiteji, ukuvuthwa ngokuvamile kuvamile umsindo oqhubekile ozwakalayo ngesikhathi sokuphelelwa yisikhathi.
Iqukethe umsindo ozwakalayo womculo kufaka phakathi amanothi angaphezu kweyodwa.
Izimbangela
Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokuvuthwa yi-asthma ne-COPD. Umsindo wesondo usungulwe ngokunciphisa ukuhamba kwemimoya. Lokhu kungaba ngenxa yokuvuvukala noma ukuvinjelwa noma yikuphi ukusuka emphinjeni kuze kube sezindiza ezincane kakhulu. Ezinye izimbangela ezibandakanya zihlanganisa:
- I-asthma -Isizathu esivame kakhulu sokugwinya.
- I-Anaphylaxis -Lokhu kuyisabela esibi kakhulu (ngokuvamile ngenxa yezinyosi zezinyosi noma ukudla amantongomane noma ama-shellfish) okudala ukuvuvukala emqaleni futhi kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha.
- I-brronchitis- Lokhu kungaba kokubili okunzima (okuhlala izinsuku ezimbalwa kuphela) noma okungapheli (amasonto ahlala njalo ezinyangeni kuya eminyakeni).
- I-brronchiolitis -Lokhu kungukutheleleka okubandakanya umoya omncane kakhulu (ama- bronchioles ) futhi uvame kakhulu ezinganeni.
- Ukufisa (ukufisa) umzimba wesinye isizwe -Ukubhuka ngezinye izikhathi kungabangela isondo uma into ephikisiwe ingavimbeli ngokuphelele imimoya yomoya. Ngokuvamile abantu bakhumbula ukuchotshozwa, njengokwesigamu se-steak noma esimweni sezingane, kwezinye izinto. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulu uma into engavimbeli ngokuphelele ukuhamba kwemimoya (njengesiqephu sesanqante), abantu bangase bangakhumbuli isiqephu sokuchofoza.
- I-pneumonia
- Isifo se- COPD -Isifo esithathelwanayo se-pulmonary, njenge-emphysema, singabangela isondo.
- I-Bronchiectasis -Ukuvuthwa kwemikhumbi yezindiza ngokuvamile ngenxa yokutheleleka kwengane noma i- cystic fibrosis ngezinye izikhathi kunzima ukuyihlolisisa futhi kungase kube khona kuqala ukuthi kubangelwa enye imbangela yokushisa.
- I-Epiglottitis -Isimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esibonakaliswe izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukuwa phansi, nokuhlala endaweni eqondile emzamweni wokuphefumula, i-epiglottitis ibangelwa ukutheleleka kwe-epiglottis, isiqephu esincane se-cartilage esinamathele ekupheleni kolimi.
- Izifo ezinjenge-viral ezifana ne-respiratory sycytial virus (i- RSV ) -Izifo eziningi zegciwane zingabangela isondo, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni.
- Umdlavuza we-Lung - Isibonakaliso sokuqala somdlavuza wamaphaphu singase sibe sesisindo, okwenza kubaluleke ukuthi sibone imbangela yokushisa ngisho noma imbangela ibonakala icace.
- Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo
- Ukugqama kwamapulmoni -Izikhukhula ezinemilenze zingase ziphume futhi zihambele emaphashini (amapulmary emboli).
- I-reflux ye-Acid -Ingase ingabonakali ebonakalayo, kodwa i-reflux ye-asidi iyimbangela evamile yokuvutha.
- I-hypperensitivity pneumonitis-Ukuvuvukala okungapheli kwamapayipi okubangelwa izinto ezifana nezinkuni ezibunjiwe kanye ne-droppings yezinyoni zingase zibe nesibonakaliso sokuqala.
- Imithi (ikakhulukazi i-aspirin)
- Ukungasebenzi komthamo wezintambo -Kwenziwe enye noma zombili izintambo zezwi ezivala ngokungenangqondo ngesikhathi sokuphefumula. Lokhu kwaziwa nangokuthi "i-vocal cord asthma."
Ukuxilongwa
Uma ngabe ugijimise, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho-noma ngabe uzizwa ukuthi uyayazi imbangela noma uke wabhekana nesondo esikhathini esedlule. Ngisho noma ngabe uthola ukuthi une-asthma, qiniseka ukuthi uxhumane nodokotela wakho nganoma yikuphi ushintsho ezimpawu zakho.
Shayela udokotela wakho (noma u-911) ngokushesha uma ubhekene nezinhlungu zesifuba, ikhanda elikhanyayo, uthola kunzima ukubamba umoya wakho, noma uqaphele uhlaka lwe-bluish ezindebe zakho nasesikhumba. Ukuvuvukala kobuso bakho, intamo, nezindebe kungaba yisibonakaliso sokusabela kwesifo sofuzo esisongela ukuphila.
Ukuhlola
Okokuqala udokotela wakho uzokwenza (ngemuva kokuqinisekisa ukuthi ukhululekile futhi uzinzile) uthatha umlando wezokwelapha ngokuphelele futhi uhlole ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Eminye yemibuzo abangakubuza yona ihlanganisa:
- Izimpawu zakho zaqala nini?
- Uke waba nezimpawu ezinjengalezi ngaphambili?
- Ingabe isondo sakho sibi nakakhulu ebusuku noma emini?
- Uke wakhaywa yizinyosi noma udlile ukudla okungabangela ukusabela okukhulu kwe-allergenic, njenge-shellfish noma amantongomane?
- Unayo yini enye izimpawu, ezifana nokukhwehlela, ukuphefumula , ubuhlungu besifuba , ukuvotela ubuso noma intamo, noma ukukhwehlela igazi ?
- Unayo umlando womuntu siqu noma womndeni we-asthma, i-eczema, izifo zamaphaphu, noma umdlavuza wamaphaphu?
- Ingabe wena, noma uke wabhekana?
- Uke wamisa ngenkathi udla?
Ukuhlola
Ukuhlola ukuhlola isondo sakho bese unquma imbangela kuzohlukahluka kuye ngokuthi umlando wakho. Esimweni esiphuthumayo, abantu abaphuthumayo nabachwepheshe baqala nge "ABD." Lokhu kusho ukuhamba emoyeni, ukuphefumula, bese kusakaza. Kubalulekile ukuhlola lezi ngaphambi kokuba uqhubeke uzama ukuthola ukuthi yini eyenza ngempela ukushaya. Ukuhlola kungabandakanya:
- Oximetry ukuhlola izinga le-oxygen egazini lakho
- I-x-ray yesifuba
- I-Spirometry
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi, njengokubalwa kwamangqamuzana egazi ukuze ubheke izimpawu zokutheleleka
- Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamapulmonary
- CT scan yesifuba sakho
- I-bronchoscopy uma udokotela wakho ekhathazekile ukuthi ungase ufune (ukuphefumula) into yangaphandle noma ukuthi ungaba nesisu ngaphakathi noma eduze nemimoya yakho
- I-Laryngoscopy ukuze ubuke izintambo zakho ze- larynx nezwi
- Ukuhlolwa kokungezwani komzimba uma udokotela wakho ezwa ukuthi une-allergies ebangela ukuba umoya wakho uphelele
Ukwelapha
Kuncike ekutheni izimpawu zakho zibucayi kangakanani, udokotela wakho uzokwenza kuqala okudingekayo ukuze ukwenze ukhululekile futhi ulawule izimpawu zakho. Njengoba kunezimbangela eziningi zokuvutha, ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kuzoxhomeka esibangelwa isondo sakho.
Izinyathelo zokuqala ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola oksijini okwanele emaphashini akho nokuthi umoya ophefumulayo uyakwenza kuwo wonke amaseli emzimbeni wakho. Ukwelashwa kwe-oksijeni kuvame ukusetshenziswa. Uma ukuphendula okubangelwa ukwelashwa kuyimbangela, i-epinephrine engenayo ivame ukunikezwa.
Ezinye zokwelapha zizoxhomeka ezimbangela eziyinhloko zamasondo. Isibonelo, ukwelashwa kwe-asthma kuzosetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukuhamba kancane kwe-airways ngenxa ye-asthma, kuyilapho inqubo efana ne-bronchoscopy inganconywa uma kucatshangwa ukuthi umzimba wangaphandle ohamba emoyeni ungabangela izimpawu zakho.
Imithombo:
UKasper, uDennis L., et al. Izimiso zikaHarrison zeMithi yangaphakathi. ENew York: McGraw Hill Education, 2015. Phrinta.
Irwin, R. Ukuhlolwa kwezifo ezinesifo ngaphandle kwesifuba kubantu abadala. UpToDate . 8/13/15.
Oo, S., noP. Le Souef. Ingane enamasondo: i-algorithm. I-Australian Family Physician . 2015. 44 (6): 360-4.
Sarkar, M., Madabhavi, I., uNiranjan, N., noMnu Dogra. Ukuphakama kwesistimu yokuphefumula. Ama-Annals we-Thoracic Medicine . 2015. 10 (3): 158-68.