Ngesikhathi isifo sezinambuzane sasisesifo sezokwelapha ngokwemvelo, ukwelashwa kwakuvame ukusekela. Iziguli zenziwe zikhululekile ngangokunokwenzeka kanti lesi sifo sasiyothatha ukuthatha inkambo yayo. Kwakungekho izinketho zokusebenzisa imithi yama-antiviral. Ukugonywa kokuthunyelwa kokuthunyelwa kwesikhashana kwaba yindlela kuphela yokwelashwa okusebenzayo odokotela abangazama, futhi bathembela esigulini ukuthi uyabonakala (noma ukuthi iziphathimandla zezempilo zilandelwa labo ababenokuxhumana neziguli ezanda kutholakala).
Njengoba i-World Health Organization (i-WHO) yamemezela ukuthi isiphepho sezinkukhu sabhidliza ngo-1980, abacwaningi baye babe nezilinganiso zezilwane ukuhlola izinketho zokwelapha. Ukuthuthukiswa kwemithi yokwelashwa kwemithi yokuphatha i-variola manje isekelwe kuphela ekuhumusweni kwe-zoonotic ye-orthopoxvirus.
Ukugonywa Kwokuthunyelwa Kwangemva Kokuthunyelwa
Ukunika isiguli umuthi wokugoma ngesibhukela ngemuva kokuba isiguli sesivele sesidalwe kwaba ukwelashwa okuyinhloko uma ngabe kucatshangwa ukuthi kuzoba khona isikhathi sokuba umgomo usebenze. Ukwelashwa kwakungeyona inketho uma isiguli sesivele sesinezilonda. Kodwa-ke, kube khona ukwehla kokuqina kwesibungu sezinambuzane futhi kwezinye izimo, kungenzeka ukuthi lesi sibunguli asizange siphumelele ngenxa yokugoma emva kokudonswa kwe-post-exposure.
Ngeshwa, idatha etholakale phakathi neminyaka lapho iziphathimandla zezempilo ziqeda ngokugcwele lesi sifo akuyona impela ukugqashuka kwesimanje. Iziguli zangezikhathi eziningi ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba zivikelekile ngenxa yegciwane lesandulela ngculazi kanye nokwelashwa okwenyanyala okwelashwa zanamuhla.
Umgomo owenziwe ngesikhathi sokuqeda kwaba yisizukulwane sokuqala futhi inguqulo yanamuhla ingase iphumelele kangcono. Ngokufanayo, imiphumela emibi yomuthi wokugoma ingase ihluke futhi ngokuqinisekile iyoba nemikhakha ehlukene yemiphumela evamile.
Imithi yama-anti-virus
Ngenxa yokuthi akuzange kube khona amacala we-epicpox yangempela eyenzeka kubantu kusukela ngo-1977, ayikho indlela yokuhlola imishanguzo emisha yokulwa negciwane lesandulela ngculazi kumuntu ogciwane lesandulela ngculazi.
Esikhundleni salokho, abacwaningi basebenzisa abantu abanegciwane le-orthopoxviruses noma kuma-primates aphethwe yi-variola virus ephilayo. Kunezidakamizwa ezimbili ezintsha ezinokulwa namagciwane okulwa negciwane lesandulela ngculaza okwakhiwa futhi omunye usuvele egcinwe lapho kwenzeka ukuqhuma kwesibhukela.
Ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kwabantu nge-variola virus yangempela, ayikho indlela yokwazi ukuthi lezi mithi zizoziphatha kanjani noma zizophumelela. Ukuhlolwa kwezilwane kubonisa ukuthi ukuphathwa kwemithi elwa namagciwane emva kokuvela kwezilonda-yilophawu olulindelekile lomtholampilo olutshela odokotela ukuthi isiguli sinesibindi-sisinciphisa lesi sifo ngendlela ephawulekayo. Kodwa-ke, imishanguzo ye-antiviral ayiyona i-panacea futhi ngisho noma izidakamizwa zisebenza kahle nge-ingulube ebantwini, ukulandwa kungase kube khona emacaleni okuqala.
Ukuvimbela
Njengoba ukwelashwa kwe-ingulube kunomkhawulo wokugoma kuphela kanye nemithi eminingi engaphilile i-anti-virus, ukuvimbela kuba yindlela yokwelashwa engcono kakhulu. Amasheya wamanje we-variola virus aphilayo agcinwa kuphela kuma-labs amabili emhlabeni wonke: amaCenter for the Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) e-Atlanta, Georgia, naseVECTOR Institute eRussia. Lezi zinhlobo zegciwane eziphilayo zigcinwa ngenhloso yokucwaninga ukuze zisize ukukhomba izidakamizwa ezingase zibe khona kanye nezinye izinketho zokwelapha.
Izinsongo ezimbili ezinkulu zokudala ukuqhuma kwesibungu sezinambuzane noma ukukhishwa kwe-variola virus ephilayo (ngengozi noma ngenhloso) noma ukuguqulwa kwesinye i-orthopoxvirus, cishe i-virus ye-monkeypox, ukuphazamisa abantu ngendlela efanayo nesifo se-ingulube.
> Imithombo:
> Trost, L., Rose, M., Khouri, J., Keilholz, L., Long, J., Godin, S., & Foster, S. (2015). I-efficacy kanye ne-pharmacokinetics ye-brincidofovir yokwelapha ukutheleleka kwegciwane lesandulela ngculaza: Isibonelo sesifo se-ingulube. I-Antiviral Research , 117 , 115-121. doi: 10.1016 / j.antiviral.2015.02.007
> McCollum, A., Li, Y., Wilkins, K., Karem, K., Davidson, W., & Paddock, C. et al. (2014). Ukukhubazeka kwe-Poxvirus nokuSayina ku-Relics Historical Relics. Izifo Ezithathelwanayo Ezikhulayo , 20 (2), 177-184. i-doi: 10.3201 / eid2002.131098
> Tayarani-Najaran, Z., Tayarani-Najaran, N., Sahebkar, A., & Emami, S. (2016). Umqulu Omusha Wokugonywa Kwengqimba. Journal Of Acupuncture And Studies Meridian , 9 (6), 287-289. doi: 10.1016 / j.jams.2016.09.003
> Cann, J., Jahrling, P., Hensley, L., & Wahl-Jensen, V. (2013). Ukuqhathaniswa Kwemvelo Ye-Isikhumba Ne-Monkeypox ku-Man and Macaques. I-Journal Ye-Pathology Yokufanisa , 148 (1), 6-21. doi: 10.1016 / j.jcpa.2012.06.007
> Damon, I., Damaso, C., & McFadden, G. (2014). Ingabe Sikhona Kukhona? I-Agenda Yokuhlola I-Smallpox Ngokusebenzisa i-Variola Virus. I-Plos Pathogens , 10 (5), e1004108.doi: 10.1371 / iphephandaba.ppat.1004108