Umkhuhlane wegazi, owaziwa ngokuthi "umkhuhlane," uyisifo sokuphefumula esingaba nesifo esinzima, ngisho nokusongela ukuphila kwabanye abantu. Nokho, izindaba ezinhle ukuthi lo mkhuhlane ungavinjelwa ngokubhebhethekiswa komkhuhlane.
Noma kunjalo, unyaka ngamunye, abantu abanesifo se-thyroid nezinye izifo ezizimele bazibuza ukuthi kufanele yini bathole ukuguquka komkhuhlane-futhi lo mbuzo onengqondo, ikakhulukazi ngokucabangela ukuthi imishanguzo ihlangana nomzimba wakho wokuzivikela.
Ngesikhathi kufanele uhlole njalo nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole iziqondiso nezeluleko mayelana nesimo sakho siqu, nansi amanye "amafrifu" okumele uwakhumbule njengoba uhamba ngezinqubo zokwenza izinqumo.
Ubani Okufanele Agonywe?
Ngokwezikhungo zokuLawula nokuvimbela izifo (CDC), ukugonywa komkhuhlane wonyaka waminyaka yonke kunconywa kubo bonke abantu, abaneminyaka eyizinyanga eziyisithupha nangaphezulu (abangenayo ukuphikisana, njengabantu abanomlando wesifo sokugonywa komkhuhlane) .
I-CDC ithi "kugcizelelwe kufanele kugcinwe ekugonyeni kwamaqembu aphezulu kakhulu kanye noxhumana nabo nabanakekeli."
Amaqembu aphezulu kakhulu
La maqembu aphezulu kakhulu ahlanganisa:
- Bonke abantu abaneminyaka engama-50 noma ngaphezulu
- Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emihlanu ubudala
- Abesifazane abakhulelwe
- Izakhamuzi zasemakhaya asebekhulile kanye nezindawo zokunakekelwa isikhathi eside
- Abantu abakhulu kakhulu (labo abane-BMI abangama-40 noma ngaphezulu)
- AmaNdiya aseMelika namaNew Alaskan
- Izingane noma intsha ithola i-aspirin noma imithi equkethe i-aspirin futhi engase ibe engozini yokuthuthukisa i- Reye syndrome
I-CDC iphinde iphakamise umgomo wokugoma kubantu abanempilo ethile engapheli, njenge:
- I-asthma
- Izifo zamapayipi ezingapheli, ezifana nesifo esingavamile se-pulmonary pulmonary [COPD] ne-cystic fibrosis
- Izifo zenhliziyo, ezifana nesifo senhliziyo esibangelwa yisifo sofuba, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo yokugcoba , kanye nesifo se-artery coronary
- Izimo ze-neurological and neurodevelopmental
- Izifo zegazi, njenge-sickle cell isifo
- Izinkinga ze-endocrine, njenge-diabetes mellitus. (Qaphela ukuthi isifo segciwane sonke siwela esigabeni se-endocrine disorder).
- Izifo zezinso
- Ukuphazamiseka kwesibindi
- Izinkinga zemetabolic
Okokugcina, abantu abanesimiso sokuzivikela somzimba esibuthakathaka ngenxa yezifo noma imishanguzo (njengabantu abane-HIV noma i-AIDS, noma umdlavuza, noma labo abane-steroids engapheli) kufanele baphelelwe umkhuhlane.
Uyini Umgomo Wokugula?
Umkhuhlane wegciwane wokujovala uqukethe igciwane lesifo esingasebenzi , okuvuselela ukusabela kwamagciwane emithonjeni yamanje yamagciwane. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ukugoma komkhuhlane kwenziwa ngamagciwane omkhuhlane we- dead (hhayi ama-virusi aphilayo), ngakho-ke ngeke ukwazi ukunikeza umuntu ukutheleleka komkhuhlane.
Ukuze kucacise, eminyakeni ethile, ukugoma komkhuhlane we-influenza (LAIV), owaziwa ngegama lakhe lohwebo "FluMist," wanikwa abantu abathile-lo mgomo (i-spray) iqukethe igciwane eliphilayo, elibuthakathaka.
Kodwa-ke, amaCenter for Disease Control akazange ancoma umgomo we-LAIV wamasalane wonyaka wezi-2017-2018 ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngokusebenza kwawo; nakuba kubonakala sengathi kuzofakwa ekuphathweni kwonyaka wezi-2018-2019.
Kuyini Ukuqhuma Kwemfudu?
Umgomo wokugoma uvuselela amasosha omzimba wakho ukukhiqiza amasosha omzimba ngokumelene nokutheleleka nge-influenza.
Umkhuhlane oguqulwayo awukusizi nje kuphela ukuvimbela ukuthi ungagula ngophuhlane, kodwa futhi kunciphisa ingozi yakho yokubhedlela noma ukuthuthukisa inkinga (isibonelo, ukuthola i-pneumonia ye-bacteria) uma uguga.
Ingabe Ukushaywa Kwemfudu Ngezinye izikhathi Akusebenzi?
Uma ama-virus angasebenzi emgodini wokugoma womkhuhlane ngesikhathi esithile azihambisani ngokuqondile nalabo abageleza emphakathini womuntu, ukudubula komkhuhlane kungase kungabi ngempumelelo.
Kodwa-ke, khumbula engqondweni yakho, noma ngabe ingavumelani ngokufanayo, ukuguqulwa komkhuhlane kusalokhu kukunika ukuvikeleka (kwamanye amazwi, ezinye izinhlobo ze-antibodies "ezinjenge-flu" cishe zingcono kunezinye).
Ingabe kukhona imiphumela emibi evela ku-Vaccine Vaccine?
Njengokuthatha noma yimiphi imithi, kunethuba lokuthi umuntu uzothola ukusabela; Kodwa-ke, uma kwenzeka ukuthi kwenzeke kanjani, ngokuvamile kubumnene futhi kuphila isikhathi esifushane, okuhlala isikhathi esingangenani kuya kwezinsuku ezimbili ngemuva kokudubula.
Izinkinga ezincane ezihlobene nokuguquka komkhuhlane zihlanganisa:
- Ubuhlungu, ubomvu, noma ukuvuvukala lapho kukhishwa khona umkhuhlane
- Ukwesaba nokukhwehlela
- Sore, amehlo abomvu noma anamehlo
- Fever
- Ama-aches, kufaka phakathi ikhanda
- Itching
- Ukukhathala
Ngenkathi kungavamile kakhulu, ukusabela okujulile kungase kwenzeke ngokuguquka komkhuhlane. Enye ingozi eyingozi ehlobene nokuthola ukuqhuma komkhuhlane i-Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) - isimo senhliziyo esenza ubuthakathaka obuncane obunzima obukhulu.
Ingabe Umthelela Wokudwengulwa Kwezikhukhula Kuzogula Ngami?
Ukuhlobana phakathi kwemigomo kanye nesifo sokuzimela kuyisimo esibucayi, ikakhulukazi ngoba siyinkimbinkimbi, kuye ngezici eziningi, njengezifo zomzimba zomuntu kanye nomgomo wokugonywa.
Ngalokho, kungase kube lula ukucabangela izinhlangothi zombili zendaba lapho unquma indlela umkhuhlane oguqula ngayo ongase ube nomthelela omuhle noma ongathinteki kabi umzimba wakho wokuzivikela.
Okuhle
Imishanguzo, njengemfucuza yokudubula, isiza ukuvimbela umuntu ukuba angenele "umkhuhlane" noma ekuthuthukiseni izinkinga ezinkulu ezihlobene nogciwane (uma begula). Ngakho ukuguqulwa komkhuhlane kuvimbela ukutheleleka, futhi ukutheleleka kungaba yilokho okubangela isifo somuntu siqu sokuthuthukisa ukuqala (noma kube yi-trigger ye-flam autoimmune).
Kukhona nobufakazi obunokwesayensi bokuthi imithi ethile (hhayi ukuthi i-flu shot) ingasiza ekuvimbeleni ukubonakaliswa kwezifo ezizimele, ngokuguqula isimiso somzimba somzimba ngendlela evikelayo.
Okubi
Ukusabela kokuthunyelwa kweposi, njengokuthuthukiswa kwe-post-friji edutshulwa i-GBS (isimo esizimele esithinta isistimu yakho yezinzwa), asikisela ukuthi imishanguzo ingabangela ukuzimela.
Ngalokho, kukhona ukukhathazeka ukuthi imishanguzo ingasusa isifo somuntu siqu, okufaka izimo ze-autoimmune ezifana nesifo sikaHashimoto nesifo se- Graves.
Izwi elivela
Umgomo ophazamisayo-isifo sokuzimela ngokuzenzakalelayo ushiya odokotela abaningi, iziguli kanye nabacwaningi ukuba bashaye amakhanda abo.
Ekugcineni, ayikho impendulo enhle, ngaphandle kokucabangela isimo somuntu ngamunye, esilinganisa inzuzo yomgogodla ngengozi yayo.
Noma, uma kuziwa ekubhebhethekeni komkhuhlane, inzuzo ingase ibe ngaphezu kwanoma yiziphi izingozi (iningi labantu).
Okubalulekile uma unesifo se-thyroid noma esinye isifo, yenza ingxoxo evulekile, eqotho nodokotela wakho-kungengqondo, futhi uzozizwa ube ngcono ngemva kwalokho, wazi ukuthi wenza isinqumo esinolwazi.
> Imithombo:
> Izikhungo zokuLawula izifo. (2018). "Izikhombandlela ze-CDC zeSikhathi seFlu se-2017-2018."
> Vadala M, i-Poddighe D, iLaurino C, i-Palmieri B. Ukugonywa kanye nezifo ezizimele: ukuvimbela imiphumela embi yempilo ekugcineni? I-EPMA J. 2017 Sep; 8 (3): 295-311.