I-Toxic Rocket Fuel Etholakala Emasampula E-Lettuce Ebusika
Kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, ukuchithwa kwemithi yamanzi kuye kwabhekwa njengenkinga yendawo noma yesifunda, futhi okutholakala ku-Environmental Working Group kwenza ukungcola kwe-perchlorate yinkinga kazwelonke yokukhathazeka-okuholela ekusebenzeni okulawulwa yi-Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Ucwaningo lubonise ukuthi i-lettuce ekhule ekwindla nasezinyangeni zasebusika e-Southern California noma e-Arizona ingaba namazinga aphezulu e-toxic rocketproduct, i-perchlorate kunokuba ibhekwe njengephephile yi-EPA ngokuhlola okuzimele okuhlola i-Environmental Working Group (EWG).
I-EWG ithi ngokumane nje bedle i-lettuce, abesifazane abayizigidi ezingu-1.6 baseMelika abaneminyaka yobudala bokubeletha babethululwa nsuku zonke phakathi nezinyanga zasebusika ukuze bahlolwe ngaphezulu kune-dose ephephile ephakanyisiwe ye-EPA.
Ngokusho kwemibiko yabezindaba, amasampula e-lettuce aqukethe ubuningi be-perchlorate. Enye, eyayiyinkimbinkimbi yezinhlobo zemifino ehlanganisiwe yezingane, yayinezinga elingcolile lokucutshungulwa kwegazi elibhekwa njengamaphesenti angu-20 ephakeme kunamanani aseCalifornia njengamanje abheka sengathi uphephile ngamanzi okuphuza. Ezinye zazinamaphesenti ama-perchlorate aphindwe kasikhombisa kunezinga laseCalifornia lokuphepha.
I-Perchlorate ingcolile ekhona emvelweni njengengxenye yamanye amakhemikhali afana ne-ammonium, i-potassium, noma i-perchlorate ye-sodium. I-ammonium perchlorate ikhiqizwa njengengxenye e-oksijeni-eyongezwayo ekufakeni amafutha amakhulu ama-rocket, imicibisholo kanye neziqhumane.
Ekuvivinyweni kokukhiqizwa kwezinto zokukhiqiza ezitolo, amaphesenti ayisishiyagalolunye ama-sampuli e-lettuce ayequkethe amazinga e-perchlorate, futhi ukuhlinzekwa kwe-lettuce engcolile kuqukethe izikhathi ezingu-4 ngaphezulu kwe-EPA ethi iphephile emanzini okuphuza.
Umthombo we-perchlorate, ngokusho kwe-EWG, kungenzeka ukuthi uMfula iColorado, omanzi aphethwe yi-perchlorate anisela amanzi angu-1.4 million eCalifornia nase-Arizona.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-EWG emikhiqizo yokuthengisa kuqinisekisile ucwaningo lwangaphambili mayelana nezithombo ze-lettuce ezikhulayo ezikhulayo ezikhulayo kanye ne-ulethisi, i-kale, nesipinashi.
"Ukutholakala kwethu kanye nokuhlolwa kwangaphambili kubonisa ukuthi i-rocket fuel fuel hhayi nje inkinga yesifunda ezindaweni lapho amanzi okuphuza angcolile, kodwa ukukhathazeka kukazwelonke wonke umuntu odla i-ulethisi yasebusika," kusho uRenee Sharp, umhlaziyi ophezulu ehhovisi lase-California e-EWG. co-umbhali wombiko. "
I-Perchlorate, ingxenye eqhumayo ye-rocket ne-fuel missile, ingathinta ikhono legciwane le-thyroid ukwenza ama-hormone abalulekile. Ukubeletha, izinsana nezingane, ukuphazamiseka emazingeni e-hormone ye-thyroid kungabangela ukwehlisa i-IQ, ukuphuza kwengqondo, ukulahlekelwa kokuzwa nokukhuluma, kanye nokulahlekelwa kwamakhono.
I-Perchlorate ingcolisa imithombo yamanzi angaphezu kuka-500 yokuphuza emazweni angu-20, ekhonza abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-20. Phakathi kwemithombo emikhulu engcolile yiMfula iCoronto, ongahlinzeki kuphela ngamanzi okuphuza eLos Angeles, ePhoenix, eLas Vegas nakwamanye amadolobha, kodwa futhi anisela ngamaphesenti angama-70 esitokisi sesizwe asuka ngo-Okthoba kuya kuMashi. Ezindaweni eziyi-15 ezihola i-lettuce ezikhulayo e-US, 10 ziyazi noma zisola imithombo yokungcola kwe-perchlorate.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenkathi iningi le-perchlorate ukungcola lonke livela ezisekelweni zamasosha noma izitshalo eziqhutshwa ngabakhiqizi bezokuvikela, i-White House icele iCongress ukuthi ikhulule izikhungo zokuzivikela emithethweni eminingi yemvelo, kuhlanganise nokuhlanzwa kwemfucuza eyingozi.
US Sen. Barbara Boxer, D-Calif., Kanye neNational Sen Sen Nell Soto, D-Ontario, ngamunye wethula izikweletu ezizodinga zonke izinto ezidlulayo nezamanje ezisebenzayo ukuze zidalise ukusetshenziswa kwazo, indlela yokulahlwa kanye nomlando wokuvuza.
Mayelana ne-Perchlorate
Ukukhathazeka mayelana ne-perchlorate kuye kwaba khona kusukela ngo-1997.
I-perchlorate iphazamisa ukungena kwe-iodide ku-gland yegciwane. Ngenxa yokuthi iodide iyisici esibalulekile samahomoni wegciwane, i-perchlorate iyaphazamisa indlela ukusebenza ngayo i-thyroid. Kubantu abadala, i-thyroid isiza ukulawula umzimba. Ezinganeni, i-thyroid idlala indima enkulu ekuthuthukiseni okuhle ngaphezu kwe-metabolism.
Ukukhubazeka komsebenzi we -roid kumama abalindele kungathinta ingane kanye nosana futhi kubangele imiphumela kufaka phakathi izinguquko ekuziphatheni, ukuthuthukiswa kokulibaziseka nokunciphisa ikhono lokufunda.
Izinguquko kumazinga we-hormone we-thyroid angabangela futhi izicubu zegciwane le-thyroid. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-EPA kwe-pochlorate toxicity yukuthi ukuphazanyiswa kwe-perchlorate ye-iodide uptake kuyisenzakalo esiyinhloko esiholela ekushintsheni ekuthuthukiseni noma ekubunjweni kwe-tumor.
Ngokusho kweCalifornia Environmental Protection Agency, ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi i-perchlorate iphazamisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-hormone ye-thyroid, okubangelwa i- hypothyroidism futhi okungavamile, izicubu ze- thyroid. Ingozi enkulu kunabesifazane abakhulelwe, abantwana, nabantu abanezinkinga zempilo noma izimo ze-thyroid ezonakele.
I-EPA Idlulisela Emigomeni Ye-Perchlorate
Eqaphela ingozi ye-perchlorate, i-EPA ibize leli khamera njengento engcolile. Le nhlangano ibonisa imizila ye-toxin emzimbeni womuntu futhi ibeka izindinganiso zokuthi kungcolile. Isenzo sokulawula siyaqhubeka sithuthukisa ukuchayeka kwemvelo ukuze sibheke emazingeni kahulumeni nesifundazwe.