Inkohliso Yenhliziyo Ebandayo Ejwayelekile Kwizitha
I-patent ductus arteriosus, noma i-PDA, iyisifo senhliziyo esisencane esivame ukuzalwa kwengane ngaphambi kwesikhathi lapho i-ductus arteriosus (isitsha esixhuma umthambo we-pulmonary kuya e-aorta ehla) ehluleka ukuvala.
Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kuvumela ukuthi igazi elithile lomntwana lidlule amaphaphu. Uma kushiywe kungalashwa, i-PDA ingabangela ukucindezeleka komfutho wegazi , ukushaya inhliziyo kwenhliziyo (ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile), nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo ngokukhululeka.
I-PDA ithinta cishe isigamu sazo zonke izitha ze-micro (ezithunyelwe ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-26 noma isisindo esingaphansi kwesigidi esisodwa) namaphesenti angu-15 ezitha zezilwane ezazalwa emavikini angu-30. Abambalwa besikhathi sokuqala sezinsuku zokubeletha bane PDA.
Indlela i-Patent Ductus Arteriosus eyenzeka ngayo
Ngaphambi kokubeletha, igazi lomntwana lixoshwa yi-placenta hhayi amaphaphu. Ngenxa yalokhu, uhlelo lokuphefumula lwe-fetus luhluke kakhulu nolusana olusanda kuzalwa.
Emabhokisini, inani elincane legazi liya ngqo emaphashini agcwele amanzi ukuze abondle. Okunye kusakazwa emzimbeni njengoba igazi lihanjiswe nge-ductus arteriosus, e-aorta, nasenhliziyweni.
Lapho kuzalwa, umsebenzi wokuphefumula ushintsha: umntwana uqala ukuphefumula umoya, futhi noma yikuphi igazi elihanjiswa emaphashini li-oxygenated. Kulesi sigaba, i-ductus arteriosus isho ukuvala. Uma kungenjalo, enye yegazi e-deoxygenated ishiya amaphaphu futhi iphindiselwa kabusha e-aorta lapho iqhutshelwa khona emzimbeni kufomu elingaxoshiwe.
Izimpawu ze-Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Inhliziyo ibubula ngokuvamile isibonakaliso sokuqala sezingane ezizalwa nge-PDA. I-PDA encane ingase ingabangeli izinkinga ezibalulekile, ngakho-ke ngokuvamile ayinakekelwa. Kodwa-ke, uma i-PDA inkulu, ingabangela izimpawu ezibaluleke kakhulu, kufaka phakathi:
- I-Lethargy nobuthakathaka
- Ukuphefumula okusheshayo noma okusebenzayo
- Ukuphazamiseka okukhulu (okunamandla kakhulu)
- I-Tachycardia (isilinganiso senhliziyo esingaphezu kwesilinganiso sokuphumula esivamile)
- I-Cyanosis (umbala wesikhumba se-blue-ish ngenxa yokungabi khona kwe-oksijeni), ngokuyinhloko ethinta izansi ezingezansi
- I-Dyspnea (ukuphefumula okuncane)
- Ukudla okumbi
- Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo
- Ukuhluleka ukuphumelela
Ukuqaphela nokuphatha i-Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Uma i-PDA icatshangwa, i- echocardiogram yenhliziyo iyokwenziwa ngokujwayelekile. Le nqubo, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-echo cardiac, isebenzisa amagagasi omsindo ukuze athathe ukunyakaza enhliziyweni. I-X-ray yesifuba ingabuye iyalwe (njengoba ama-PDA amakhulu angabangela njengokukhulisa kwenhliziyo).
Uma kutholakala, ama-PDA amaningi amancane azoshiywa ukuze avalwe eyedwa. Uma i-PDA ebangela izimpawu, udokotela angakhetha ukuphatha imishanguzo engu-IV njenge-NeoProfen (uhlobo olukhethekile lwe-ibuprofen) noma i-indomethacin.
Kulabo abanesifo sengqondo somfutho wegazi ophezulu, ukudla okunomkhawulo okungasetshenziselwa uketshezi kungenziwa kunqunywe ukuvimbela ukwakhiwa ngokweqile kwamanzi okugeleza okungafaka ingcindezi engadingekile enhliziyweni.
Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka. Ezinganeni ezidinga ukwelashwa, inqubo evamile, ebizwa ngokuthi ukuhlinzwa kwe-PDA, ingenziwa. Abaningi abadingi ukuhlinzeka ngenhliziyo evulekile kodwa esikhundleni salokho sebenzisa i-catheter efakwe emthini wesifazane noma umvini ukuvala ukuvula.
> Umthombo:
> Inhliziyo kazwelonke, iLung, ne-Blood Institute: Izikhungo Zikazwelonke Zempilo. "I-Patent Ductus Arteriosus." I-Bethesda, e-Maryland; ibuyekezwe ngo-Septhemba 26, 2011.