Isifo samaphaphu esingapheli, noma i-CLD, sibhekisela ezinkingeni zamaphaphu ezihlala njalo. Ezinganeni ezingakabiphi, isifo esingapheli sephaphu sibangelwa umonakalo wamaphaphu okungenzeka uma ingane ishaya umoya noma unikezwa umoya-mpilo. Ukwehliswa nokuvuvukala kubangele ukuphefumula ukuphefumula nokuphefumula igazi, futhi imiphumela ingahlala izinyanga noma iminyaka.
Ukuphefumula okunzima kuyisibonakaliso esiyinhloko sesifo samaphaphu esingapheli.
Amantombazane ane-CLD angase adinge ukwesekwa kokuphefumula kudlule izinsuku zokuqala ezingu-28 zokuphila, noma ngemuva kwamasonto angu-36 okugubha. Isifo samaphaphu esingapheli singathinta wonke umzimba. Amantombazane ane-CLD angase abe nezinkinga zenhliziyo nokukhathazeka ukudla noma ukuthola isisindo.
Akuzona zonke izitha zangasese ezazisendlini yokuphuza umoya ezothuthukisa isifo samaphaphu esingapheli. Amathuba okuba nesifo samaphaphu esingapheli sikhuphuka uma usana:
- Wazalwa ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-30 ukubeletha
- Isilinganiso esingaphansi kuka-3 lbs, u-5 oz ngesikhathi sokuzalwa
- Wayene-sepsis noma isifo ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa
- Ingabe umfana noma umhlophe
- Kwakukhona i-patent ductus arteriosus (i-PDA)
Iningi lezingane lizokhipha isifo samaphaphu esingapheli cishe eminyakeni engama-2, njengoba imizimba yabo ikhula izicubu zamaphaphu enempilo. Ukwelashwa kunikezwa ukusiza ngezimpawu ze-CLD njengoba amaphaphu avuthiwe. Ukwelapha okuvamile kufaka ukwesekwa kokuphefumula ukwenza kube lula ukuphefumula, ukudla okunomsoco ophezulu wokusiza ukukhula, nemithi yokuvula amaphaphu nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala.
Incazelo ecacile eyengeziwe ye-CPD
Isifo samaphaphu esingapheli (CLD) sichazwa ngokuthi yizinkinga zokuphefumula ezenzeka emva kwamasonto angu-36 emva kokukhulelwa. Lezi zinkinga zokuphefumula zingabandakanya izimpawu zokuphefumula (ukukhathazeka ukuphefumula), izidingo zokuphefumula oksijini kanye nokungajwayelekile okuboniswe esifubeni x-ray.
I-CPD evamile kangakanani?
I-CPD ivela cishe ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-20 engane engaphambi kwesikhathi.
Lesi sifo sivame kakhulu kulabo abanesisindo sokuzalwa esincane. Ngenhlanhla, izingane ezimbalwa zifa nge-CPD. Nanobe kunjalo, i-CPD iholela emabonakalweni lasetjentiswa ngumoya kanye nekutheleleka lokuphindze kwenteke, lokungaholela ekutfombeni kwetinsita letinyenti ngesikhatsi seminyaka leminyaka yekucala yekuphila.
Kungani i-CPD iyenzeka?
Isizathu sokuthi i-CPD yenzeke ezinganeni ezingaphambi kwesikhathi ukuthi amaphaphu alezi zingane azivuthi kahle futhi akhiqize ama-surfactant. I-surfactant iyinkimbinkolin eyinkimbinkimbi eyenziwe ngamaseli alveolar, okunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwendawo futhi isisiza ukuba siphefumule.
Ezinye izinto zifaka isandla ekwakhiweni kwe-CPD ezinsana ezisencane, kufaka phakathi ukuvezwa kwe-chorioamnionitis, ukuvuvukala, ukugxila kwe-oksijeni ephezulu okulawulwa ngemva kokuzalwa nokuhlukunyezwa kwe-ventilatory.
Ukuvimbela
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-pulmonology ukukhathazeka okubalulekile kuye kwasiza ukuvimbela i-CPD kwezinye izinsana zangaphambi. Lezi zintuthuko zifaka phakathi i-CPAP yangasese yangaphambili (uhlobo oluthile lokungenisa umoya) kanye nokwelapha okufakelwa phezu kwe-surfactant ngemva nje kokuzalwa.
Ukwelapha
Nazi ezinye zezindlela i-CPD ephathwa ngayo ngesikhathi eside:
- Ukwengeza oksijini ekhaya
- I-corticosteroids engabhalisiwe
- Ama-agonists angabhalisiwe
- I-Diuretics
Ukuphathwa kwe-systemic (oral) steroids kuyimpikiswano. Nakuba i-systemic steroids ingasiza ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala, okuyinto engumkhawulo wekhadini le-CPD, kanye nokusiza ingane ukuba ingenayo umoya wokuphuza umoya, ukusetshenziswa kokuqala kwe-dexamethasone (uhlobo lwe-systemic steroid) liye lahlotshaniswa nengozi eyengeziwe yokukhubazeka kwengqondo.
Noma kunjalo, i-CPD ngokwayo ingabangela ukukhubazeka kwezinzwa. Ngakho-ke, isinqumo sokuphatha i-systemic corticosteroids siyinkimbinkimbi futhi senziwa yi-pulmonologist yezingane.
Umthombo:
I-Rosenberg AA, i-Grover T. Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa. Ku: Hay WW, Jr., Levin MJ, Deterding RR, Abzug MJ. ama-eds. UKUHLOLA OKUPHAKATHI Nokwelashwa: Izingane zokwelapha, 22e . ENew York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2013.