E-United States, abantu abathile abane-Disability Education Act bathi izingane ezine-autism nezinye izifo zokuthuthukiswa kufanele zifakwe ekulungiseleleni okuncane okungavinjelwe. Esikoleni, ukulungiswa okuncane okungavinjelwe yi-classroom ejwayelekile.
Ngokuvamile, izingane ezincane kakhulu ezine-autism zingakwazi ukuphatha ekilasini evamile ngoba amaqembu ezinkolo zasenkulisa ngokuvamile azincane, ngokuvamile abantu abadala abaningi bayatholakala, futhi othisha basenkulisa bafuna izingane ezincane kakhulu ukuba zikhule ngezinga elihlukile futhi zibonise amazinga ahlukene kakhulu wokulawula ngokomzwelo.
I-autistic eneminyaka emibili ubudala "enokuxubana" ayifani kakhulu nomuntu oneminyaka emibili ubudala "enomsindo." Uma ingane yase-autistic iba isithukuthezi, ngisho nomuntu omncane, ongakafundile angathwala lowo mntwana kwelinye igumbi aze ahlalise phansi.
Esikoleni somphakathi, izinto zihlukile.
Kusukela esemncane kakhulu (ngokuvamile ngebanga lesigaba 1), abafundi baphikisana ukuba bahlale behlala isikhathi eside, balalele futhi baphendule imilayezo eminingi ekhulunywe ngayo, bahlanganyele futhi bahlanganyele nabalingani nabo ekilasini, baxoxe ngezikhathi eziyinkimbinkimbi, baphendule kahle ngokuzwakalayo amabellane kanye nemigwaqo egcwele, futhi-nzima kunabo bonke - funda, ngokulingisa ukuthi ungaba kanjani "ingane" evamile ekuhleleni okuhlelekile kwezenhlalakahle njengokudla kwasemini nokuphelelwa yisikhathi.
Ngamafuphi, isikole singesimiso esinzima kunazo zonke umuntu angakwazi ukuzenza ngamakhono okukhuluma, angafundi ngokumlingisa, futhi akhathazeke kalula ngokuguqulwa, umsindo ozwakalayo, nezimo ezingakhiwe lapho okulindelekile kungachazwanga khona futhi kungachazwa.
Ngokwalokho, ngokusekelwe kumthetho we-IDEA, zonke izingane ezikhubazekile kufanele zifakwe emakilasini avamile. Ngokwenza njalo, lokhu akunakwenzeka njalo, okusebenzayo, noma okufiselekayo. Umuntu ongeke afunde ukukhuluma, ukufunda, noma ukubhala akunakwenzeka ukuba athole okuningi eklasini lapho ukukhuluma, ukufunda nokubhala kuyindlela kuphela yokuxhumana noma yokukhuluma kokufunda kwabo bonke abanye abafundi.
Kodwa kuthiwani ngomntwana ongakwazi ukufunda, ukubhala, nokukhuluma - kodwa ngubani futhi owe-autistic? Ingabe lowo muntu kufanele abe "esikhethekile" noma "jikelele"?
Njengoba umthetho ubeka ukuthi ukhethiswa okujwayelekile (futhi imindeni eminingi ikhetha umbono wokufakwa noma yikuphi), izingane ezilinganiselayo kwi-autism esebenzayo zivame ukufakwa ekilasini ejwayelekile nge-1: 1 usizo - umuntu ogxile kakhulu kufanele kube ukusiza ingane eyodwa ukuba "ifinyelele ikharikhulamu ejwayelekile."
Ngokuya ngesimo ohlala kuzo, ama-1: 1 aides angahle noma angadingeki ukuba abe nokuqeqeshwa kwekolishi noma ukuqeqeshwa okuqondene nomsebenzi wabo (nakuba bonke badinga uhlobo oluthile lokuqeqeshwa okuyisisekelo). Ngaphandle kwalokho ama-aides alindeleke ukuthi afundise ngempela abafundi ababaphethe.
Ngakho kuthiwani 1: 1 aides? Impendulo ihlukahluka kuzo zonke izimo, kodwa nansi ezinye zezindlela umsizi angasiza ngayo ingane nge-autism ukuba yingxenye yesimo semfundo jikelele:
- Umsizi angase aqondise ingane yakho ukuba ihlale igxile kubafundi ngokumsiza ukuthola incwadi efanele noma ikhasi, landela imiyalelo, uphakamise isandla sakhe, njll.
- Umsizi angasiza ingane yakho ukuba iphathe ukuziphatha kwayo ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lokuziphatha olwenziwa ngumchwepheshe wokuziphatha.
- Umsizi angasiza ingane yakho ukuba ixoxisane nesimiso sakhe ngokuhamba naye emakilasini ahlukene kanye / noma ababelapha.
- Umsizi angase asekele ukufunda kwengane yakho ngokukhuthaza ukudlala iqembu noma ingxoxo ngezilungiselelo ezingahlelekile njengendawo yokudlala noma amakamelo okudla kwasemini.
- Umsizi angasiza abahlinzeki bezingane zakho ngokuqoqa idatha mayelana nokuziphatha phakathi nosuku lwesikole.
- Umsizi angakusiza ngokunikeza ulwazi olunolwazi olumayelana nosuku lwengane yakho kuze kube yilapho kutholakala khona esikoleni.
Nakuba "akufanele" akutshele ngothisha onzima noma othandana nabo, ezimweni eziningi umsizi uba ngumthombo omuhle womzali mayelana nokuthi kwenzekani esikoleni.
Angase abe uhlelo olukhulu lokusekela ingane yakho. Nokho, qaphela ukuthi ama-1: 1 aides awadalwa alinganayo: umuntu omsekelayo omangalisayo wonyaka angase athathe indawo ye-butterfly yenhlalo yonyaka ozayo ozibheka njengomsizi wothisha kulo lonke ekilasini.