Umehluko phakathi kwe-Bypass Ebili Nokunye Kwezinhliziyo Zokuhlinzwa Kwezinhliziyo
Ukuhlinzwa ngokuphindaphindiwe kabili kuyindlela eyingozi kodwa evamile yokuhlinzwa inhliziyo. Ukuze uqonde ukuphambana kabili, kuqala udinge ukuqonda izinto ezithile mayelana nesimo senhliziyo nesifo senhliziyo.
Indlela Inhliziyo Esebenza ngayo
Izindwangu zegazi ezinikezela inhliziyo ngegazi layo siqu zibizwa ngokuthi i-coronary arteries. Kwamanye abantu, imishanguzo ye-coronary ivinjelwe.
Uma ukuvinjelwa kunzima, kungamisa ngokuphelele ukugeleza kwegazi endaweni yenhliziyo esondwa yilowo mkhumbi wegazi. Lokhu kuvinjelwa kungabangela ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo. Lokhu kuvinjelwa kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi yi-coronary artery disease.
Ukwelashwa Kwe-Coronary Artery Disease
Ezimweni eziningi, isifo se-aronic coronary singelashwa ngemithi, izinguquko zokuphila kanye nezinqubo ezihlukile ezifana nokubekwa kwama-stents emithanjeni ye-coronary ngesikhathi se-heart catheterization. Kulezi ziguli ezinamablockages ezinzima, ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inhliziyo iyaqhubeka nokuthola ukugeleza kwegazi okwanele. Lokhu kuvulwa kuyaziwa ngokuthi i- coronary artery surpery operation (CABG) .
Ngesikhathi se-Double Bypass
Inqubo yokuguqulwa kabili eyenziwa udokotela ohlinzayo we-cardiothoracic, udokotela ohlinzayo oqeqeshwe ekunakekeleni ukwelashwa kwezinkinga zesifuba. Kulokhu, ukuhlinzwa kuyokwenziwa udokotela ohlinzayo onguchwepheshe bezinkinga zenhliziyo.
Le nqubo iqala ngo-anesthesia jikelele ehlinzekwa ngumuntu we-anesthesiologist, noma kwezinye izimo, i-CRNA - umhlengikazi osebenza phambili ohlinzeka nge-anesthesia. I-anesthesia ejwayelekile ichaza ukuthi izidumbu zomzimba zikhubazekile futhi isiguli siyoba nethubhu yokuphefumula ibekwe ngakho umoya unganika umoya.
Lapho sekuhlinzekwa i-anesthesia, isikhumba sesiguli sikulungele ukuhlinzwa, kokubili esifubeni nasemlenzeni. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi imithwalo yegazi ithathwe kwenye indawo yomzimba, ngokujwayelekile umlenze, futhi ifakwe efakwe kwisitsha senhliziyo esivele ngaphambi nangemva kokuvinjelwa. Igazi libuyiselwa ngokuzungeze ukuvinjelwa emkhunjini. Kwezinye izimo, udokotela ohlinzayo uzosebenza esifubeni futhi umsizi uzophinde alulame imithwalo yegazi emlenzeni. Lo mzamo ohlangene unciphisa ubude bokuhlinzwa futhi kwenza inqubo iphumelele ngokwengeziwe.
Lesi sikebhe segazi esibuyele emuva, siphumelela, senza ukuba inhliziyo ikwazi ukuthola igazi eliyidingayo futhi kusiza ukuvimbela ukulimala kwenhliziyo. Ukuze wenze lokhu kudlula, inqubo evame kakhulu idinga inhliziyo ukuba imiswe ukuze udokotela ohlinzayo asebenze ngenhliziyo ehlabayo yokushaya. Lapho inhliziyo ivaliwe, umshini we-heart-lung bypass usetshenziselwa ukuhlinzeka nge-oxygen negazi emzimbeni ngenkathi inhliziyo isaphila.
Uma ama-bypasses eseqedile, umshini we-heart-lung uvaliwe futhi inhliziyo iqala kabusha. I-sternum (isifuba sesifuba) ifinyelelwe ndawonye ndawonye futhi ukuhlungwa kwesikhumba kuvaliwe. Iningi labantu lizoba nezibilini zesifuba, okuvame ukuxhunyaniswa nokuncelisa noma ukugeleza kwamanzi, ukuvimbela ukwakhiwa kwegazi nxazonke zenhliziyo.
Uma ukuhlinzwa sekuphelile, isiguli siyosuswa ku-ICU noma endaweni efana neyomzimba ukuze ilulame. Ngokungafani nezinqubo eziningi, i-anesthesia ayishintshi nemithi yokuvusa isiguli phezulu. Esikhundleni salokho, i-anesthesia ivumelekile ukuba igqoke kancane kancane ekuhambeni kwamahora amane noma ngaphezulu, okuvumela isiguli ukuba siphume kancane futhi siphumelele kunokuba sisheshe.
Okunye Ukuhlinzwa Kwezinhliziyo Ezivamile
Njengoba usuvele wazi, uma izitsha ezimbili zivinjiwe futhi zidinga ukuba zinyathelwe, ukuhlinzekwa kubhekiselwa njengedola lokuphinda kabili ngoba kwenziwa ama-graft amabili. Uma imikhumbi emithathu idlulile ukuhlinzwa kuthiwa i- bypass kathathu , ama-bypasses amane abizwa ngokuthi yi-quadruple bypass, njalonjalo.
I-quppleple overpass, engama-graph ama-bypass angu-5 enhliziyweni, ayifani neze.
Okunye ukuhluka kwenhliziyo okudlula ukuhlinzekwa yi-"off-pump bypass" okuyinto inqubo lapho inhliziyo iyaqhubeka ishaya ngesikhathi senqubo, kunokuba isebenzise umshini we-heartp lung bypass. Iziguli ezimbalwa zikhethwe kahle kule nqubo kunezinqubo ezivamile zokupompa.
Imithombo:
> Iyini i-Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting? I-National Heart Lung ne-Blood Institute. Kufinyelelwe ngo-2009. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/cabg/cabg_whatis.html