Ukuqonda Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Heart Bypass
Ukuhlinzwa kwezinhliziyo ezintathu ngokuphambene nenhliziyo kuhlinzekwa inhliziyo evulekile lapho izitsha zegazi ezondla inhliziyo zivaliwe ukuze zisebenze kahle. Lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo luvame ukusebenza njengenqubo evulekile yenhliziyo, okusho ukuthi udokotela ohlinzayo uvula isifuba ukuze abone inhliziyo futhi enze ukuhlinzwa.
Ukuhlinzwa kungenziwa njengenqubo encane yokuhlasela lapho isifuba singavulwa.
Leyo nqubo ingavamile kakhulu kunokuhlinzekwa kwenhliziyo evulekile ejwayelekile, njengoba iziguli ezimbalwa zifaneleka ngokomzimba ngaleyo ndlela.
I-Anatomy ye-Human Heart
Ukuze uqonde inqubo ye-bypass kathathu, kubalulekile ukuqonda izinto ezimbalwa mayelana nesimo senhliziyo nesifo senhliziyo. Izindwangu zegazi ezinikezela inhliziyo ngegazi layo siqu zibizwa ngokuthi i- coronary arteries . Kwamanye abantu, imishanguzo ye-coronary ivinjelwe, isimo esaziwa ngokuthi isifo se-coronary artery .
Uma ukuvinjelwa kunzima, kungamisa ngokuphelele ukugeleza kwegazi endaweni yenhliziyo esondwa yilowo mkhumbi wegazi. Ukuyeka ukugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni kuyingozi nakakhulu-ngisho nangaphansi kwemithambo yegazi-ngoba kungabangela ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, ngisho nokufa.
I-Double, Triple, Quadruple, noma i-Quintuple Bypass
Inombolo yemikhumbi enesifo ngokuvamile ibeka inani lemikhumbi ye-graft edingwa nge-passpasses-ezokwenziwa.
Uma izitsha ezintathu zivinjiwe futhi zidinga ukuba zinyathelwe, ukuhlinzekwa kubhekiswa njengokudlula okuphindwe kathathu ngoba kwenziwa ama-graft amathathu. Uma imikhumbi emibili idlulile ukuhlinzwa kuthiwa i- bypass kabili , njalonjalo. Izinqubo ze-Quintuple bypass, lapho imikhumbi emihlanu idlulile khona, ayifaneleki, kepha umkhumbi amane we-quadruple bypass ujwayelekile kakhulu.
Ngaphandle kwezingozi ze-anesthesia jikelele , izingozi ezihambisana nenqubo evulekile yenhliziyo ngenani lezinyathelo ezidingekayo, njengoba ukuhlinzwa kuthatha isikhathi eside futhi isifo se-coronary isifo esiphathwa kakhulu.
Yini Ongayilindela Ngesikhathi Sokuhlinzwa Kwezinhliziyo Ezintathu Zesibili
Ezimweni eziningi, isifo se-aronic coronary singelashwa ngemithi, izinguquko zendlela yokuphila, nezinqubo ezincane ezingenasidingo ezifana nokubekwa kwama-stents. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye iziguli ukuvimbela (s) kunzima kangangokuthi ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inhliziyo iyaqhubeka nokuthola ukugeleza kwegazi okwanele. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi i- coronary artery bypass operation opérational (CABG) .
Eyenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile, inqubo iqala ngemithwalo yegazi ethathwe kwenye indawo yomzimba, ngokuvamile umlenze nesokunxele kwesifuba. Ukuvuna umvuthwandaba kuvame ukwenziwa ngumhlinzeki oyedwa wezempilo njengomsizi wezokwelapha (PA), kanti ingxenye yesifuba yenqubo yenziwa ngumhlinzeki we-cardio thoracic ngesikhathi esifanayo.
Lezi zitsha zibekwe eceleni kwesitsha senhliziyo esivele ngaphambi nangemva kokuvinjelwa. Akufani nemoto esheshayo imoto yakho ithatha ukugwema ingozi, negazi ngokwemvelo lihanjiswa ngasemzimbeni ovinjiwe.
Lonke ingxenye evulekile yenhliziyo yale nqubo kuvame ukusetshenziswa ngokusebenzisa umshini we- lung bypass machine , okuyimishini eyinkimbinkimbi eyenza umsebenzi wenhliziyo namaphaphu ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Udokotela ohlinzayo usebenza ngokushesha ukukhawulela isikhathi isikhathi isiguli esichitha "epompo," ukunciphisa izinkinga ezingenzeka.
Ukusetshenziswa kwalo mshini kudinga igazi eliningi futhi elivame ukunikezwa ukuze libuyisele inani lemali nelamanzi eliphuma emzimbeni, libe yi-oxygenated, bese libuyela emzimbeni. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi bathole amakhilogremu ambalwa okwesikhashana futhi bangathola ukuthi "bakhukhumele" ezinsukwini ezilandelayo ukuhlinzwa.
Uma isiguli sesiphelile futhi sishukumisa, lokhu ketshezi oludlulayo luphuma emzimbeni ngendlela yomchamo.
Uma udokotela ohlinzayo eseqedile inqubo, amashubhu esifubeni afakwe ukukhipha amanzi asemzimbeni angase akhiphe eduze kwenhliziyo futhi avimbele inhliziyo ukuba isebenze kahle noma ekuphulukeni. Lezi zigaxa ngokuvamile zisuswa zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa zokuhlinzwa. I-sternum (isifuba sesifuba) ihlanganiswa ndawonye usebenzisa ucingo olukhethekile lokugcoba futhi isikhumba sivaliwe nge-sutures noma okuyisisekelo.
Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kwe-Heart Bypass
Ngokungafani nokuhlinzwa okuningi, isiguli sivunyelwe ukuvuka kancane kancane futhi ngokwemvelo ku-anesthesia, kunokuba imithi inikezwe ukuze ivuse isiguli. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ngokuvamile amahora amane kuya kweziyisithupha emva kokuhlinzwa ngaphambi kokuba isiguli siqale ukuphaphama nokuqapha, futhi ithini lokuphefumula lihlala likhona kuze kube yileso sikhathi. Usuku lokuqala emva kokuhlinzwa luvame ukusetshenziswa esigunjini sokunakekela inhliziyo noma i-ICU, lapho abahlengikazi bengakwazi ukugcina iso elilindile phezu kwesiguli njengoba beqala ukutakula.
Kulezi ziguli eziningi, umgomo wamahora okuqala angu-12 wokuhlinzwa akugcini nje ukuvuka futhi ube nesibindi sokuphefumula, kodwa uthathe izinyathelo ezimbalwa futhi uhlezi esihlalweni okungenani kanye futhi ngokukhetha kabili. Le nqubo ihloselwe ukuqala kuphela inqubo yokutakula, kodwa ukuvimbela izinkinga ezinkulu ezinjengezindwangu zegazi kanye ne-pneumonia.
Ukubuyiswa Ngemva Kokuhlinzwa Kwesifo Senhliziyo
Ukubuyiselwa kulolu hlobo lwenqubo kuzothatha izinsuku ezimbalwa esibhedlela nezinyanga ezimbalwa ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya. Kwabanye, ukutakula kuzobandakanya ukuvuselela inhliziyo-ukuvivinya umzimba okwenziwe ngaphansi kweso elindile lochwepheshe-ukusiza ukuqinisa inhliziyo. Kwabaningi, ukutakula kuzothatha amasonto ayisithupha kuya kwangu-12, futhi kuzophela ngokubuyela emisebenzini eyajatshaniswa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Kwabanye, bazokwazi ukwenza imisebenzi eminingi, njengoba ukuvivinya kwabo kungagcini ubuhlungu besifuba.
Izwi elivela
Ukuzwa ukuthi wena noma othandekayo udinga ukuhlinzwa okulukhuni, ngokungangabazeki, okukhathazayo. Ukwazi ukuthi yini ongayilindela kuyokusiza ukuthi ulungele ukuhlinzwa nokubuyiswa ngemuva kwalokho. Gcina ovulekile wokuxhumana nodokotela wakho nodokotela ohlinzayo-ungabazi ukubuza futhi uxoxe nganoma yimiphi imibono noma imibuzo efika engqondweni. Uma kungenzeka, ulethe othandekayo ukukusiza ukuthi uthathe amanothi futhi uqonde inqubo.
Ezikhathini eziningi, ukuhlinzeka ngokuhamba kahle futhi uzokwazi ukubuyela ekuphileni kwakho kwansuku zonke kanye nemisebenzi oyithandayo maduze-nje uqiniseke ukuthi ulandela izinkomba ezihlinzekwa udokotela ohlinzayo ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa. Isibonelo, kungenzeka ukuthi ukudla nokuphuza akuvunyelwe emahoreni ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kanti nokudla okunempilo kuzodingeka emva kokuhlinzwa ukuvimbela inkinga ekubuyeni. Ingxenye yokuthola kabusha iwukushintsha izinguquko zokuphila ngendlela enempilo-mhlawumbe kuthuthukisa ukudla kwakho noma ukuzivocavoca ukuze unciphise amathuba okuba udinge ukuhlinzwa kwesibili. Sebenza eduze neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuze wenze uhlelo olukusiza kakhulu kuwe.
Imithombo:
Kuyini i-Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting? I-National Heart Lung ne-Blood Institute. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/cabg/cabg_whatis.html