I-Dysarthria yiyona iphutha lokukhuluma elibangelwa izinkinga zokulawula imisipha ehilelekile ekukhiqizeni inkulumo. I-Anarthria yindlela enzima kunazo zonke yokudangala, okubangelwa ukungakwazi ukuveza inkulumo ecacile, ecacile.
Izimbangela ze-Dysarthria
I-Dysarthria kanye nesimo esibi kakhulu, i-anarthria, ibangelwa ukulimala kwengqondo. Kungabangelwa izimo ezikhona lapho zizalwa, njenge-cerebral palsy noma i-muscular dystrophy.
Uma i-dysarthria ivela ekuzalweni, lokhu kusho ukuthi umuntu akakaze akwazi ukuveza inkulumo ezwakalayo. I-Dysarthria ne-anarthria ingase ibe khona ngenxa yemibandela yezinzwa ezifana ne-multiple sclerosis kanye nesifo sohlangothi, okwenza ukwehla kwamakhono okukhuluma ngemva kokuba umuntu esevele ekwazi ukukhuluma ngokucacile.
Lemibandela elandelayo ingabangela i-dysarthria noma i-anarthria:
- Isibungu
- Ukulimala kwengqondo ebuhlungu
- Isisu senhliziyo
- Isifo sikaParkinson
- I-Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( ALS ), noma isifo sikaLou Gehrig
- Isifo sikaHuntington
- Multiple sclerosis
- I-Myasthenia gravis
- Ukukhubazeka kukaBell
- Isifo sikaWilson
- I-Guillain-Barre syndrome
- Isifo se-Lyme
- Imithi- Imithi ethile, njengezidakamizwa noma izidakamizwa, ingabangela nokudangala. Ngokujwayelekile, lolu hlobo lwe-dysarthria luxazulula ngemuva kokuba imithi igqoke.
Izimpawu zoDysarthria
Uma une-dysarthria, kungenzeka ukuthi ube nenkulumo evezwe yiyodwa noma ngaphezulu kwezici ezilandelayo:
- Izinga lokukhuluma elincane
- Ukuhlanganisa ikhwalithi yenkulumo okunzima ukuyiqonda
- Ukunyakaza okulinganiselwe kolimi, umlomo, nomhlathi
- Ukuma okungavamile okuzwakalayo
- Isigqi esingavamile senkulumo
- Ukuthuthumela noma ukuphefumula kokukhuluma
- Inkulumo ezwakalayo noma ekhuluma kahle
- Ukungakwazi ukukhuluma ngokuzwakalayo
Izinhlobo zeDysarthria
Zonke izinhlobo ze-dysarthria zibhekene nokuhlelwa kwenkulumo.
Uma une-dysarthria, uma uzama ukukhuluma, ungase ubone ukuthi umsindo wakho womsindo uphikisiwe.
I-Dysarthria ingaba mnene, ilinganise, noma ibe nzima. Izinga le-dysarthria lixhomeke ezingeni lomonakalo ohlelweni lwezinzwa.
Uma wena noma othandekayo uthinteka yi-dysarthria, ungase ubone enye noma ngaphezulu yamaphethini okukhuluma ajwayelekile okuyi-dysarthria. Lezi zindlela zihlanganisa:
- I-spystic dysarthria- Njengoba igama liphakamisa, leli phethini lokukhuluma libhekene nokuqhuma kwemisindo njengoba uzama ukukhuluma. Lolu hlobo lwe-dysarthria lubangelwa umonakalo emgwaqeni we-pyramidal, okuyinto indlela ebuchosheni obulawula ukusebenza komzimba ebusweni nasemzimbeni.
- I-hyperkinetic dysarthria - Lena iphethini encane yokukhuluma eyabangelwa izilonda ze-basal ganglia, okuyisifunda endaweni yobuchopho.
- I-hypokinetic dysarthria - Lena iphethini yokukhuluma esheshayo ehlobene nesifo sikaParkinson.
- I-ataxic dysarthria - Lena iphethini yokukhuluma engenabungozi elibangelwa umonakalo ku- cerebellum , elawula ukulinganisela nokuhlanganiswa.
- I-Flaccid dysarthria - Lena iphethini yokukhuluma 'ebuthakathaka' ebangelwa umonakalo emithanjeni ye-cranial, okuyizinzwa ezilawula ngokuqondile imisipha yomlomo neyomphimbo.
- I-dysarthria exubile - Lokhu kunzima ukuchaza iphethini yezinkulumo ezibangelwa ukulimala ezindaweni eziningana zesimiso sezinzwa, njengezinsizakalo eziphezulu noma eziphansi.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-Dysarthria
I-Dysarthria kanye nesimo sayo esibi kakhulu, i-anarthria, itholakale ngudokotela wezokwelapha. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizolalela ngokucophelela inkulumo yakho nomlando wakho wezokwelapha, futhi kufanele ulindele ukuhlolwa okuphelele ngokomzimba.
Ukuhlolwa okukodwa noma okungaphezulu kwalokhu okulandelayo kungadingeka kwenziwe ukuthi kutholakale imbangela yokudangala kwakho.
- I-MRI
- CT scan
- Ucwaningo lwesibindi nesibindi
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Urine
- Ukukhishwa kwe-Lumbar
- I-Brain biopsy
Ukwelashwa kwe-Dysarthria
Ulimi lokukhuluma ngolwazi lwezilwane lungabonisa indlela engcono yokwelapha emva kokuhlolwa kwakho kwezokwelapha. Izindlela ezihlukahlukene zingasetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.
Uma imisipha yakho ibuthakathaka noma iqinile, ungase udinge imishini ehambisana nenkinga yakho. Ngokujwayelekile, ukwelashwa kufaka phakathi ukufaka amasu okuphumuza, ama-lingual kanye nama-mandibular, okufaka i-isometrics, nokuvuselela kwefoni.
Umehluko Phakathi kwe-Aphasia ne-Dysarthria
I-anarthria ne-dysarthria ayibangelwa yizinkinga zokuqonda ulimi noma nezinkinga zokucabanga noma ukuthola amagama afanele. I-Aphasia , ngokuphambene nalokho, inkinga yokukhuluma ebangelwa inkinga yokukhiqiza kanye / noma ukuqonda inkulumo ngenxa yezinkinga ngeyodwa noma ngaphezulu kwezici zobuchopho eziphethe ulimi.
Abantu abanokuzwa i-anarthria banamandla okuqonda amagama, kodwa abakwazi ukuveza inkulumo ezwakalayo. I-Dysarthria, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-dysarthosis, iyisifo senkulumo esishukumisayo esithinta kancane imisipha esetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwenkulumo. I-Anarthria ingenxa yokulahleka okuphawulekayo kokulawula imisipha yezinsizwa zenkulumo. Imisipha ehilelekile ekukhulumeni ihlanganisa imisipha yezindebe, ulimi, umlomo, izigxobo zezwi, kanye nomfutho wezinhlamvu.
Izwi elivela
Ukuphila ne-dysarthria kungakhungathekisa ngoba kwenza kube nzima ukuxhumana, futhi kungase kube namahloni.
I-Dysarthria ingakwazi ukuthuthukisa ngokwengxenye noma ngokuphelele, ngokwezizathu. Uma ngabe i-dysarthria yakho ingalindelekile ukuba ithuthukise ngokwayo, ukwelashwa nokuzivocavoca kuzosiza ukwandisa ikhono lakho lokukhuluma nokukhuluma ngokucacile.
> Ukufunda okuqhubekayo:
> Ukungasebenzi Kwe-Cerebellar ku-Multiple Sclerosis, u-Wilkins A, Front Neurol. 2017 Jun 28; 8: 312. doi: 10.3389 / fneur.2017.00312. eCollection 2017.