I-hernia yokubeletha ibangelwa ubuthakathaka bemisipha ye-diaphragm. Esikhathini esiningi, akucaci ukuthi kungani i-hernia hiatal iqala, nakuba kunezici ezithile ezingozi. Izimo ezibangela ukucindezela emisipha ye-diaphragm noma izimo ezenza buthaka imisipha kungandisa amathuba okuthuthukisa umlando wokuzala.
Izimbangela ezivamile
Ukuntula kwamasipha omzimba kukuvumela isisu ukuba singene endaweni engaphezu kwesigxili esikhundleni sokuhlala ngokuphepha ngaphansi kwe-diaphragm, lapho kungokwakhe.
I-diaphragm iyisisindo esinamandla esihlukanisa isifuba esiphezulu esifubeni. Inokuvula lapho i-esophagus ixhuma ngesisu, njengoba i-esophagus ivame ngaphezu kwe-diaphragm, kuyilapho isisu ngokuvamile singaphansi kwe-diaphragm. I-diaphragm nayo isiza ukuvula isikhala esifubeni sesifuba uma uthatha umoya ojulile, ngakho-ke kuvame ukumbuthwa kahle emzimbeni.
Izimbangela ze-Diaphragmatic Muscle Weakness
- Ukuguga: Ngokuvamile, amathuba okuba nengane ye-hiatal yanda njengoba ukhula. Imisipha ye-diaphragm ngokwemvelo isuke ibuthakathaka futhi iguquguquke kakhulu nokuguga, futhi, njengoba usukhulile, kungenzeka ukuthi ubhekene nezici eziyingozi zokuba khona kwe-hernia. Ukungafani kubandakanya ukuzalwa okubeletha (kusukela ekuzalweni) kanye ne-inherited hernia, okuyinto eqala esemncane.
- Ukuhlukumezeka: Ukulimala okubuhlungu kungaholela ekucindezelweni kwe-diaphragm, okwenza ukwandiswa kokuvulwa kwemisipha.
- Ukwelashwa: Ukuhlinza ngamathumbu kungandisa amathuba okuthuthukisa umlando wokuzala.
- Ukukhulelwa: Izinsana kanye nezingane ezincane zingakwazi ukuba nomtholampilo wokuzalwa . Lokhu kungalungiswa ngokuhlinzwa.
Ukususwa kwesisu ngenxa yemisipha ye-diaphragm ebuthakathaka kungabangela izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-hernia.
I-Hernia ye-Sliding
I-hernia ehambayo yisimo lapho isisu sakho singasakaza khona isikhathi esingaphezu kwenhlayiya ngenxa yokuvulwa okubanzi ku-diaphragm noma ubuthakathaka besisindo somzimba. Uma une-hernia ehambayo, isisu sakho asiqinisekisiwe endaweni, kepha ubuhlobo obusuka phakathi kwesisu sakho nesifo sakho, esiphezulu ngaphezu kwayo, kugcinwa njengobungane obujwayelekile bokuzivumelanisa.
I-hernia ibuhlungu ngezikhathi zesisindo somzimba, isisu sisuke singena esikhaleni esingenhla kwesibhamu. Isisu singabuyela esimweni sawo sokuqala uma kungekho ukucindezela kwesisu ngokweqile.
I-Paraesophageal Hernia
Lolu hlobo lwe- hernia lubangelwa lapho isisu sidabula ukuvulwa okukhulunywe ku-diaphragm. Kulolu hlobo lwe-hernia yokubeletha, isisu sihlezi eceleni kwesigcawu. Awuhambeli noma alayishe, kodwa uhlala endaweni engavamile eceleni kwesigcawu, lapho kungase kube khona ukucindezelwa noma ukucwiliswa yi-diaphragm.
I-Genetics
Ngokuvamile, i-hernia yokuzalwa ayikholelwa ukuthi iyinzalo, kodwa izimo ezivame kakhulu eziphathelene nokuzalwa okungase zihlotshaniswe ne-hiatal hernia yi- Ehlers Danlos syndrome . Lesi yisifo sofuba esibonakalayo esinemibono ehlukahlukene yemitholampilo, kuhlanganise nokulimaza okulula nokujoyina okunamandla kakhulu.
I-hernia ye-Hiatal ingase ibe khona.
Lesi isimo se-autosomal esiphezulu, okusho ukuthi kuzodingeka uzuze ifa lobabili kubazali bakho ukuze uthuthukise lesi sifo. Ngenxa yokuthi ihamba ngokweqile, uma abazali bakho kuphela benesisindo esisodwa se-Ehlers Danlos Syndrome, khona-ke ngeke babe nesifo, futhi ungaba umuntu wokuqala emndenini wakho ukuba abe nemibonakaliso yemitholampilo ye-syndrome.
Indlela yokuphila
Kunezici ezimbalwa zokuphila eziyingozi ezikhulisa amathuba akho okuba nenhlalakahle ye-hiatal. Kulezi zici eziningi zobungozi, ukuxhuma ku-hernia yokuzala kuyasungulwa kahle, kodwa imbangela ayicacile.
- Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile: Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kungenye yezinto eziyinhloko ezingozini zokungena kwe-hernia. Lokhu kungenxa yokucindezela okwenyuka ku-diaphragm ngenxa yesisindo esinzima.
- Ukuphakamisa kakhulu: Kukholelwa ukuthi ukuphakama okunzima kubeka ukucindezeleka emsimbeni osondayo, okwandisa amathuba okuba umgodi okhulisiwe ovumela isisu ukuba siphambane ngaphezu kwe-diaphragm.
- Ukukhukhuma: Ukucindezeleka kwesisu ngenxa yokukhwehlela kungavumela noma kubangele ukuthi isisu sifinyelele ngaphakathi kwesibindi.
- Ukuhlunga: Ukuhlanza kungandisa amathuba okuba nengane ye-hiata ngenxa yokucindezela ngokweqile ku-diaphragm. Lokhu kufaka hlanganisa ukunyakaza kwamathumba.
- Ukukhulelwa: Ukucindezeleka kwesisu kanye nezinguquko ze-hormonal yokukhulelwa kungandisa amathuba okuba nomlando wokubeletha.
- Ukubhema: Ukubhema kunciphisa imisipha ye-diaphragm, okuvumela isisu ukuba siqhubekele ngaphezu kwe-diaphragm.
> Imithombo:
> Garvey EM, Ostlie DJ. I-Heratal ne-paraesophageal hernia yokulungisa iziguli ezinganeni. I-Semin Pediatr Surg. 2017 Apr; 26 (2): 61-66. doi: 10.1053 / j.sempedsurg.2017.02.008. Epub 2017 Mar 9.
> Nelson AD, uMouchli MA, Valentin N. Ehlers Danlos syndrome kanye nokubonakaliswa kwamathumbu: isipiliyoni seminyaka engu-20 eMayo Clinic. I-Neurogastroenterol I-Motil. 2015 Nov; 27 (11): 1657-66. i-doi: 10.1111 / nmo.12665. I-Epub 2015 Sep 16.