I-rabies yabantu iyingqayizivele kakhulu e-United States. Eqinisweni, kubikwa amacala ayisithupha kuya kweyodwa ngonyaka, ngokusho kwamaCenter for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Noma kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqonda izimbangela kanye nezingozi ze-rabies ukuze uzivikele wena nomndeni wakho kulezi zifo ezingasongela ukuphila.
Ama-rabies isifo esivela yi-virus ye-genus Lyssavirus .
Ukudluliselwa ngendlala ngokujwayelekile, igciwane lesandulela ngculaza livame ukungena emzimbeni ngokulunywa yisilwane esithathelelekile. Nakuba ama-rabies ayekade ejwayele ukuxhunyaniswa nezinja, ama-more amacala e-United States manje ahlotshaniswa nokulunywa emakhombini nakwezinye izilwane.
Izingozi Ezivamile Zengozi
Ngenxa yokugonywa kwezilwane ezifakiwe (ezinikezwe abantu abasengozini enkulu kanye nalabo okungenzeka babhekene ne-rabies), inani labantu ababulawa ngabantu abahlobene ne-rabies e-United States liye lahla kancane kusukela ngawo-1970.
Ngokusho kocwaningo olwanyatheliswa kuyi- Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association , kwezingu-4,910 zezilwane zezidakamizwa ezibikwa e-US ngo-2016, ukuhlukana kwaba kanje:
- amantombazane (amaphesenti angu-33,5)
- ama-raccoons (amaphesenti angu-28.6)
- ama-skunks (amaphesenti angu-21.0)
- izimpungushe (amaphesenti angu-6.4)
- amakati (amaphesenti angu-5.2)
- izinkomo (amaphesenti angu-1.4)
- izinja (amaphesenti angu-1.2)
Ukulandela ukuluma kwezilwane, ingozi yokuhlakulela isifo sofuba iphezulu uma:
- i-bite yenzeke endaweni lapho ama-rabies asekhona khona
- isilwane sibonakala sigula noma sibonisa ukuziphatha okungavamile
- umquba wezilwane uthintana nesilonda noma i-membrane yamangqamuzana
Kwezinye izimo, i-rabies ibangelwa ukukhishwa kwesilwane esithathelelekile.
Kubuye kube nombiko wezidakamizwa ezidluliselwa ngendlala egxilile engena emoyeni, ngokuvamile emaphandleni.
Lezi zimo azivamile.
Ngokwemfundiso, kungenzeka ukuthi abantu abaye baphuthunyiswe ngama-rabies ukudluliswa kungenziwa ngokukhala. Noma kunjalo, le mbono ayikaze iqinisekiswe.
Ngaphandle kwe-United States
Ama-rabi ajwayelekile kakhulu emazweni asathuthuka, lapho ukulunywa kwezinja kuhlala khona kuyimbangela evamile. Ngokusho kweWorld Health Organization (WHO), amazwe ase-Afrika nase-Asia enza amaphesenti angama-95 ama-rabies abulawe emhlabeni wonke. I-WHO ilinganisela ukuthi ukutheleleka kwe-rabies kubangela izinkulungwane zabantu abafa minyaka yonke.
E-Australia naseNtshonalanga Yurophu, ukulwa nezidakamizwa kuyingozi enkulu yomphakathi.
Nakuba izidakamizwa zingathinta izilwane ezifuywayo nezilwane zasendle, ukulunywa ezinja ezifuywayo zibhekene nokudluliswa kwegciwane ezingamaphesenti angu-99 ezigameko ze-rabies. Izilwane zasendle, njengezimpungushe kanye nezidakamizwa, nazo zinamandla okusabalalisa igciwane lesandulela ngculaza.
Nakuba kungavamile, kuye kwaba nemibiko ye-rabies esetshenziselwa ukudluliswa kwesitho.
Ukunciphisa Ingozi Yakho
Amasu okuziphatha
Ngisho noma izidakamizwa zivame ukudluliselwa ngokulunywa kwesilwane esingavumelekile, kuwumqondo omuhle ukuxubha ekuziphatheni okungabangela ukuluma. Ukuze ufeze lokho, akufanele neze ufike noma ufune inja engajwayelekile. Kubuye kuhlakaniphe ukubeka ibanga eliphephile phakathi kwakho nenja ebonisa izimpawu ezinjengomzimba othukuthele, umsila onzima, ikhanda elikhuni futhi / noma izindlebe, noma ukubuka okukhulu.
Kufanele futhi ugcine isilwane sakho singatholi nanoma yiziphi izilwane zasendle.
Ukugonywa
Nakuba ama-rabies ezinja ezifuywayo manje ethathwa njengokulawulwa e-United States, i-CDC inqume ukuthi izinja ezifika ku-70 kanye namakati angaphezu kuka-250 kubikwa ngokuhlukumeza unyaka ngamunye. Eziningi zalezi zilwane zazingavunyelwanga futhi zathonywa ngamapulangwe amabi, ama-raccoons, ama-skunks, nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane zasendle.
Njengoba kunikezwe lezi zibalo, kubalulekile ukugoma izilwane zakho ezifuywayo ukuze unciphise ubungozi be-rabi, wena nomndeni wakho nabantu abasemphakathini wakho. Uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi isilwane sakho sithole imithi efanele, khuluma nodokotela wakho wezilwane ngokushesha.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, unganciphisa ingozi yokuthola i-rabies ngokuthola igciwane, ikakhulukazi uma usebenza nezilwane ezifuywayo noma kwenye indawo engcupheni noma uhambo oluya kumazwe anesifo esiphakeme sama-rabies.
> Imithombo:
> Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo. "AmaRabi Abantu." Ngo-Agasti 23, 2017.
> I-Humane Society ye-United States. "Indlela Yokugwema Ukukhishwa Kwezinja." Kugcine ukufinyelelwa ngo-Ephreli 2018.
> X, Monroe BP, Cleaton JM, et al. Ukubhekwa kwamaRabi e-United States phakathi no-2016. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2018 Apr 15; 252 (8): 945-957.
> Rupprecht C, Kuzmin I, Meslin F. "I-Lyssaviruses kanye ne-rabies: i-conundrums yamanje, ukukhathazeka, ukuphikisana nokuphikisana." F1000Res. 2017 Feb 23; 6: 184.
> I-World Health Organization. "Ishidi Lama-Rabies Sheet." Ngo-September 2017.