I-Malaria yisifo esivela esibhedlela. Uma une- malaria , cishe uzobona izimpawu eziningi ezingacacile ezivame ukutheleleka kakhulu, kanye nezimpawu zokuthengisa ezihlobene ikakhulukazi nokutheleleka kwe-malaria.
Imiphumela yomzimba ye-malaria ivela ikakhulu ngenxa yokuthi ama-parasite ahlasela amangqamuzana abomvu egazi, enza ama-toxin, abangela i-anemia (umsebenzi obomvu we-cell red), futhi angavimbela imithwalo encane yegazi kuwo wonke umzimba.
Izimpawu Ezivamile
Izimpawu zalesi sifo zivame ukuvela emijikelezweni, ehambisana nokujikeleza kokuphila kwezilwane. Phakathi nezigaba ezihlukahlukene zomjikelezo wokuphila kwezilwane, kukhona ukuhluka endleleni umzimba oqobo uqobo uthinta ngayo amangqamuzana egazi abomvu futhi kukhona ukuhluka emthonjeni wezinhlungu eziwumphumela emzimbeni.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana ezihlukahlukene zama-parasites e-malaria, futhi zonke zibangele izimpawu ezifanayo, ngokungafani okuyinhloko okuboniswa njengezikhathi ezehlukene zezifo.
Kungenzeka ukuthi uhlangane nenkathi yokufakelwa emuva ngemuva kokuvezwa kwezilwane, ngokubambezeleka kokuqala kwesifo. Izibonakaliso zokuqala ze-malaria zenzeka phakathi kwamasonto amane kuya kwezingu-40 emva kokuvezwa futhi zingathatha isikhathi eside kakhulu kwezinye izimo.
Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ze-malariya yizo:
- Izinsizwa
- Ukukhathala
- Amandla aphansi
- I-nausea
- Ukuvota
- I-Myalgia (i-muscle aches)
- Isisu sithukuthele
- Uhudo
Izimpawu ze-Cyclic
Imijikelezo yemfiva ehlala emahoreni ayisithupha kuya kwangu-24 ingase ihambisane nokuqhuma, ukuthuthumela, nokuthukumeza kwamalanga noma ukuthuthumela ebusuku.
Lezi zimpawu zomsakazo zivame ukubonakaliswa kakhulu kwe-malaria, ukuhlukanisa nezinye izifo nokugqugquzela ithimba lakho lezokwelapha ukukuhlola nge-malaria . Lezi zimpawu zihlanganisa:
- I-Fever, ephakeme kakhulu
- Ama-Chills
- Ama-Sweats
- Izithukuthuku ebusuku
- Ukudonsa
Izimpawu Ezijwayelekile Ezivamile
I-Malaria ingathinta izinqubo eziningana zomzimba, ikakhulukazi uma ingaphenduliwe.
Izimpawu ezingavamile ze-malariya zihlanganisa:
- I-jaundice : (umbala ophuzi wesikhumba noma amehlo)
- Ukushaya
- Ukuphefumula okubangelwa uketshezi emaphashini
- Isisu esandisiwe esibangelwa ipeni ekhulisiwe
- I-Hypoglycemia (ushukela wegazi ophansi)
Uma ubona lokhu, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuhamba ukuya endaweni evelelekile ye-malariya, funa ukwelashwa ngokushesha.
Izinkinga
Izinkinga ezinkulu ze-malaria zingathinta amaphesenti angama-30 kuya kwangu-60 abantu abadala nabantwana abanesimo. Uma unesidingo sokuzivikela kwamasosha omzimba, noma uma ungenempilo enhle, kungenzeka ukuthi uhlakulele izinkinga. Kodwa-ke, umuntu onempilo onesivikelo esikhulu somzimba omzimba angathuthukisa izinkinga ze-malaria, ngisho nangokwelashwa okunconyiwe.
Thrombocytopenia
Inani eliphansi leplatelet lingaphazamisa ukugaya igazi, kubonakalisa njengokuphuma ngokweqile noma ama-blood clots ngokweqile.
I-anemia
I-anemia encane yenzeke ngokutheleleka kwe-malariya. Ngesinye isikhathi, ukutheleleka kungaphumelela, kubangele ukubala kwesibalo segazi elibomvu eliphansi kakhulu noma kunciphise kakhulu umsebenzi obomvu wegazi. Izimpawu ze-anemia zihlanganisa ukukhathala, ikhanda, nokucindezelwa kwegazi okuphansi.
Ukubandakanywa kwezinso
Ama-parasites ngaphakathi kwamaseli abomvu angabangela ukuvinjelwa kwezitsha ezincane ezintsheni noma amangqamuzana egazi abomvu angase ahlanganise ngenxa yobuthi.
Lokhu kungaphazamisa ukusebenza kwezinso ezivamile futhi kungabangela ubuhlungu.
Ukubandakanywa kobuchopho
I-cerebral malaria, isimo lapho i-parasite ikhona emaqenjini egazi ebuchosheni, akuvamile. Izimpawu zihlanganisa ukuhlukunyezwa, ukukhubazeka kwezimoto, ukulahlekelwa kombono, ukwehlisa ukuqonda, ukuhlaselwa komqondo kanye nokulahleka okungapheli kwegazi noma ngisho nokufa.
Ukulahlekelwa Ubumnandi noma i-Coma
Ukuhlukunyezwa okungajwayelekile okubangelwa yi-malaria, ukungaphenduli kungenziwa ngenxa yezifo ezithuthukisiwe, ngisho nangaphandle kwe-malaria ye-cerebral.
Ukufa
I-Malaria ingabangela ukufa ngenxa yokucindezeleka okubanzi. Izingane ezithathelwana ne-malaria zingase zithole ukufa kwabantu abadala.
Kodwa-ke, ukunakekelwa ngokushesha kwezimpawu kuhamba phambili ekuvimbeleni hhayi kuphela lokhu kodwa zonke izinkinga.
Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
Abesifazane abakhulelwe bathole ukuthi banokukhubazeka okuvamile kune-malaria. Uma ukutheleleka kungelashwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kungabangela ukukhubazeka kokubeletha noma ingane encane ingazalwa nge-malaria.
Izifo Ezijwayelekile
Abantu abaningi abanesisindo somzimba sokuzivikela esinempilo bahlakulela isandulela ngculaza. Izifo eziphindaphindiwe ngokuvamile ziveza izimpawu ezinamandla kunezifo zokuqala, ezinezinsuku ezinde kunesikhathi sokuvuthwa ngenxa yokuzivikela okuyingxenye. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi izifo ezithathelwanayo ziba nzima futhi ziqhubeke, zenze izinkinga ezinkulu, yingakho izinyathelo zokuvimbela ziyadingeka.
Nini Ukubona Udokotela
Uma unemfiva, ukukhathala, ikhanda elisha noma ikhanda eliphikisanayo, kufanele ubone udokotela wakho ngoba lezi zibonakaliso zezifo eziningi. Uma unomkhuhlane we-cyclical, izikhukhula, nokukhukhumeza, lokhu kubonisa ngokutheleleka ukutheleleka kwe-malaria.
Kumele ujwayelane nezibonakaliso ezivamile ze-malariya uma usesimweni sezulu esishisayo futhi uqaphele ukuthi uyalunywa yizinyosi, njengoba kuyindlela yokudluliswa kwe-malaria.
> Imithombo:
> Demissie Y, Ketema T. Izimpawu ezinzima ze-malaria ezihambisana nePlasmodium vivax phakathi kweziguli ezivakashela izikhungo zezempilo eMadolobheni aseMendi. I-Northwest Ethiopia. I-BMC I-Dis Infect. 2016 Aug 22; 16 (1): 436. i-doi: 10.1186 / s12879-016-1780-z.
> Omisiwe M, Duffy PE. I-Malaria ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. I-Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2017 Jun 1; 7 (6). i-pii: a025551. i-doi: 10.1101 / cshperspect.a025551.