Yeka ukuthi i-Virus, Lapho Uhlala Khona, Isistimu Yakho Yokuzivikela Emzimbeni, futhi I-DNA Yakho Ixhunyiwe
Akekho owaziyo ukuthi yini ebangele ukubola kwesibalo (MS). Lokhu kusho ukuthi kunezici ezine eziyinhloko eziye zavela ukuzama ukuchaza ukuthi kungani abanye abantu bethuthukisa i-MS nabanye abakwenzi. Ngenkathi ngayinye yalezi zici zingachaza ingxenye ye-puzzle ye-MS, akekho ongachaza konke. Lezi zimbangela ezine zihlanganisa:
- amasosha omzimba
- imvelo
- izifo ezithathelwanayo
- izakhi zofuzo
I-Immune System ne-MS
Yize kungekho muntu owazi ukuthi kungani, iningi labacwaningi liyavuma ukuthi i-MS ibangelwa isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela esihlasela umzimba. Ngokuqondile, amangqamuzana omzimba omzimba ahlasela amangqamuzana ebuchosheni nasemthonjeni womgogodla , elimaza umgogodla wangaphandle (myelin) wezinzwa. Umonakalo uphawula ukuthi lezi zinzwa zisebenza kangakanani-umthombo wezimpawu ze-MS nokukhubazeka. Izindlela zokwelapha izifo zisebenza ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene zokuvimbela amasosha omzimba omzimba ekuhlaseleni isimiso sezinzwa.
Indawo kanye ne-MS
Abantu ezindaweni nezindawo ezithile banengozi enkulu ye-MS kunabanye. Ngokutadisha abantu abahamba ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya komunye, abacwaningi bafunde ukuthi izinguquko zomuntu ngamunye ezivela endaweni.
Eqinisweni, i-MS ibonakala ngaphezulu ezindaweni ezingaphezulu kwe-equator. Abacwaningi abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi i- vitamin D ingabandakanyeka ekuchazeni lesi simo. I-Vitamin D ikhiqizwa ngumzimba lapho isikhumba sibhekene nelanga.
Ezindaweni ezikude ne-equator, umkhathi uhlunga ngaphezulu kwemisebe yelanga okunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-vitamin D emzimbeni.
Ucwaningo olusha luveza ukuthi amazinga aphezulu kavithamini D angamvikela umuntu ekuthuthukiseni i-MS, futhi abuye avikele umuntu osevele une-MS ekubuyiseleni.
Kunezinye izici ezemvelo ezithinta ososayensi njengezimbangela ze-MS ezibandakanya:
- ukubhema
- ukudla okunethezeka okusawoti
- ukukhuluphala (ikakhulukazi ebusheni)
Izifo kanye ne-MS
Ama-virus athile ayaziwa ngokudala umonakalo ofana nowabonwa ku-MS. Abanye abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ukutheleleka kungase kubangele ukuthi amasosha omzimba ahlasele amasosha omzimba. Ngokuyisisekelo, igciwane (noma amabhaktheriya) elibangela ukutheleleka kokuqala "libukeka" lifana neseli lesisindo. Isivikelo somzimba sokuzivikela sisungula ama-T-cell ukulwa negciwane. Labo T-amaseli ahlala emzimbeni wakho emva kokutheleleka sekuphelile futhi badidekile uma "bebona" iseli lesisindo, belifaka umsizi. Umphumela wukuthi amasosha omzimba wakho ahlasela isimiso sakho sezinzwa.
I-virus eyodwa evame ukuxhunyaniswa ne-MS yi-virus ye-Epstein-Barr-ebangela "mono." Leli igciwane elivame kakhulu elithinta iningi labantu esikhathini esithile empilweni yabo. Ukutholakala kokuqala kwegciwane kungase kube nendima ekuthuthukiseni kwe-MS, kodwa ochwepheshe abasazi ngokuqinisekile ngalesi sikhathi.
Ngalesi sikhathi, akukho sifo esithathelwanayo (igciwane, amabhaktheriya, noma i-fungus) etholakele ngokuqinisekile ukuthi imbangela ye-MS.
I-DNA yakho ne-MS
Abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi izinhlanganisela ezithile zezakhi zofuzo zandisa amathuba omuntu othuthukisa i-MS. Eqinisweni, ososayensi baye bahlukanisa izakhi zofuzo eziningana ezibonakala zixhunyaniswe ne-MS, iningi eliseduze namagciwane ahlobene nesistimu yomzimba womuntu.
Ukwengeza ekuthuthukiseni i-MS, kungenzeka ukuthi izakhi zakho zofuzo zingabuye zibikezele uhlobo lwe-MS onakho, ukuthi isifo sakho sibi kangakanani, nokuthi ngabe usabela kahle yini emithini yokuguqula isifo se-MS.
Lokhu kukhulunywa, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi i-MS ayisona "isifo sofuzo" -kusho ukuthi akukho gesi elilodwa elizuzwe njengefa noma isethi yezakhi zofuzo ezitholakale ezibonisa ukuthi umuntu uzothola MS. Esikhundleni salokho, kubonakala sengathi izakhi zofuzo ziyisici esisodwa, phakathi kwabaningi, esinqumayo ingozi yomuntu nge-MS.
Amathuba akho okuthuthukisa i-MS akhula uma unesihlobo ne-MS-enye inkomba yokuthi izakhi zofuzo zidlala indima ekuthuthukiseni kwe-MS.
Izithuba zakho zokuthuthukisa i-MS cishe:
- 1 ku-750 uma ungekho izihlobo ezine-MS
- 1 ku-50 uma unomzali onama-MS
- 1 ku-20 uma unezingane zakudala ezine-MS
- 1 ku-4 uma amawele akho afanayo ane-MS
Imithombo:
Birnbaum, MD George. (2013). I-Multiple Sclerosis: Umhlahlandlela Wabahlengikazi Wokuthola Ukuxilongwa Nezokwelashwa, 2 Edition. ENew York, eNew York. I-Oxford University Press.
I-Gourraud PA, i-Harbo HF, i-Hauser SL, ne-Baranzini SE. I-Genetics of Multiple Sclerosis: Ukubuyekezwa Okusesikhathini. Immunol Rev. 2012 Jul; 248 (1): 87-103.
I-National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. I-Multiple Sclerosis: Ithemba Ngokucwaninga.
USalzer J et al. I-Vitamin D njengengqikithi yokuvikela e-Multiple Sclerosis. ukubhalisa. I-Neurol. 2012 Nov 20; 79 (12): 2140-5.