Ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nezinketho zokwelashwa eziphumelelayo kakhulu
Uma uthola ukuthi une-multiple sclerosis (MS), ukwelashwa okufanele kungenza umehluko omkhulu empilweni yakho yonke kanye nekhwalithi yokuphila. Imithi yokwelapha i-MS, eyaziwa ngokubambisana njengezidakamizwa eziguqula izifo, iqinisile egameni layo-iyashintsha inkambo yangempela ye-MS ngokunciphisa inani nenani lezilonda ezintsha ebuchosheni nasemgodleni, ikakhulukazi okubangela ukubuyela emuva.
Ziphuthumayo kakhulu ngendlela eyedlule yokuphatha i-MS- ngokujwayelekile inhlanganisela ye- corticosteroids ukunciphisa ukubuyela emuva, imithi yokubhekana nezimpawu ezihlukene, kanye nokwelapha ngokomzimba nokusebenza.
Imithi ngayinye yokuguqula isifo se-MS yenza into efanayo kodwa kunezinto ezihlukile ezibalulekile okumele zibheke kuzo njengoba wena nodokotela wakho sinquma ukuthi iyiphi indlela yokwelashwa engcono kakhulu kuwe. Phakathi kwezinye izinto ozofuna ukucubungula uhlobo lwe-MS onalo, kulula kangakanani ukuthi umuthi uzowasebenzisa, imiphumela emibi engaba khona, nokuthi ungadinga ngokucophelela kangakanani ukuthi uhlolwe.
I-Avonex (i-interferon beta-1a)
I-interferon iyinxenye yeprotheni ngokwemvelo eyenziwa ngumzimba. I-Avonex yenziwa kule protein futhi ine-amino acids efanayo. Isebenza ngokunciphisa ukuphendula kwamagciwane okungahlasela amangqamuzana omzimba emzimbeni wakho.
- Yimuphi uhlobo lwe-MS oluphathayo? I-MS yokubuyisela kabusha-ukubuyisela; ngezinye izikhathi unikezwa kubantu abasolakala ukuthi bane-MS kodwa abatholakali okwamanje.
- Iphumelela kangakanani? I-Avonex ibonisiwe ukunciphisa izinga lokuphindaphinda ngamaphesenti angu-30.
- Kunikwa kanjani? Kanye ngesonto ngomjovo we-intramuscular, ngokuvamile ekhaya.
- Ziyini imiphumela emibi? Izimpawu ezinjengezikhukhula phakathi kwamasonto ambalwa okuqala-ngezinye izikhathi zide. Imiphumela emibi engavamile yinkinga nokucindezeleka kwesibindi.
- Ukuqapha: Abesifazane abakhulelwe noma abazama ukukhulelwa akufanele bathathe i-Avonex. Akuyona into enhle abantu abaye babhekana nokucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, noma abanenkinga yokulala noma. Akunakulungele abantu abanezinkinga ze-thyroid, i-anemia, ukulimala kalula, noma umlando wokuwa, izinkinga zenhliziyo, noma izifo zesibindi.
I-Betaseron (i-interferon beta-1b)
I-Betaseron yenziwa kwenye i-interferon eyenzeka ngokwemvelo. Njenge-Avonex, isebenza ngokuhlanza ukuphendula komzimba okungavivinya amangqamuzana omzimba emzimbeni wakho.
- Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-MS eziphatha ngayo? Ukubuyiselwa kabusha-ukubuyisela futhi okuqhubekayo-ukubuyela kabusha.
- Iphumelela kangakanani? I-Betaseron inganciphisa izinga lokuphindaphinda ngamaphesenti angu-30.
- Kuthathwa kanjani? I-subcutaneous (ngaphansi kwesikhumba) I-Sinjection nsuku zonke, ngokuvamile eyenziwa ekhaya.
- Ziyini imiphumela emibi? Phakathi namasonto ambalwa okuqala, mhlawumbe isikhathi eside, ungase ube nezimpawu ezifana nezifo. Ungase futhi uthole ukusabela endaweni yomjovo, njengokuvuvukala, ubomvu, nobuhlungu. Ungakwazi ukuzungeza lokhu ngokujikeleza phakathi kwamasayithi amaningi wokujola. Abanye abantu abathatha i-Betaseron banenkinga yokucindezeleka.
- Ukuqapha: I- Betaseron ayiphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngakho-ke uma ungumuntu wesifazane ocansini kufanele usebenzise ifomu elithembekile lokulawulwa kokuzalwa ngenkathi uyithatha. Kungase kudingeke ukuba uhlolwe njalo ngegazi ukuze uqaphele isibindi, i-thyroid, kanye nokubala kwegazi.
I-Copaxone (i-glatiramer acetate)
I-Copaxone (i-glatiramer acetate) yenziwa ngamanye amino acid atholakele e- myelin ukucabanga ukusiza ukuguqula isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ekubangela ukuvuvukala ezungeze izilonda empeleni ukwehlisa.
- Yimuphi uhlobo lwe-MS oluphathayo? Ukubuyiselwa kabusha-ukubuyisela.
- Iphumelela kangakanani? Iyanciphisa izinga lokuphindaphinda ngamaphesenti angu-30.
- Kuthathwa kanjani? Umjovo ongaphansi kwesikhumba (ngaphansi kwesikhumba) nsuku zonke, ekhaya.
- Ziyini imiphumela emibi? Ukusabela kwesayithi lokungenwa kungase kwenzeke, kufaka phakathi ukuvuvukala, ubomvu, nobuhlungu. Izingosi zokungena kufanele zishintshe.
- Ukuqapha: Njengeminye imithi eminingi yohlobo lwayo, i-Copaxone ayiphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
I-Novantrone (i-mitoxantrone)
Le ukwelashwa kwe-MS iyinhlangano ye-antineoplastic, uhlobo lwemithi yokuqala esetshenziselwa ukwelapha umdlavuza. I-Novantrone isebenza e-MS ngokucindezela izici emasimini omzimba angase ahlasele i-myelin.
- Yimuphi uhlobo lwe-MS oluphathayo? Ukuhamba phambili okuqhubekayo , okuqhubekayo okuqhubekayo, kanye nezinye izinhlobo zokubuyiselwa kabusha-ukukhipha.
- Iphumelela kangakanani? Esifundweni seminyaka emibili lapho uNovantrone ayeqhathaniswa khona ne-placebo, lesi sidakamizwa sanciphisa inani lokuphindaphinda futhi sandisa isikhathi esithile phakathi kwabo. Abantu abasesicwaningweni ababethatha iNovantrone nabo banomthelela wokunciphisa amaphesenti angu-61 ukuwohloka kwekhono lokuhamba nokukhubazeka okuncane kakhulu kwegazi.
- Kuthathwa kanjani? Uzodinga ukuya ehhovisi likadokotela wakho noma kwenye indawo yezokwelapha njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu ukuze uthole ukumiswa kukaNovantrone ngenhliziyo.
- Ziyini imiphumela emibi? I-nausea, ukulahlekelwa izinwele , ukuphazamiseka kokuya esikhathini. Uma umkhuhlane, ukubola, ubuhlungu noma ezinye izimpawu zenzeka, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho.
- Ukuqapha: Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uNovantrone ingabangela umonakalo wenhliziyo, ngakho-ke kunomkhawulo wokuthi umuntu angaphathwa kanjani isikhathi eside- kungabi ngaphezu kwezilinganiso eziyisishiyagalombili kuya kwezingu-12 phakathi nenkambo emibili kuya kwemithathu. Futhi kunciphisa ukuphendula kwegciwane lomzimba, awutholi nhlobo uhlobo lokugoma ngaphandle kokuthola ukukhanya okuluhlaza okuvela kudokotela wakho kuqala. I-Novantrone ayilondekile kwabesifazane abakhulelwe noma ababeletha ingane.
I-Rebif (i-interferon beta-1a)
I-Rebif iyimithi yokwelapha e-interferon yesithathu yokwelapha i-MS.
- Yimuphi uhlobo lwe-MS oluphathayo? Ukubuyiselwa kabusha-ukubuyisela.
- Iphumelela kangakanani? Iyanciphisa izinga lokuphindaphinda ngamaphesenti angu-30.
- Kuthathwa kanjani? Isijova esingaphansi kwesigqokwane (ngaphansi kwesikhumba) kathathu ngesonto. Ngokujwayelekile kwenziwe ekhaya.
- Ziyini imiphumela emibi? Izimpawu ezinjenge-Flu phakathi namasonto okuqala.
- Ukuqapha: I- rebif akuyona ukukhetha okuhle kokwelashwa kwakho uma ukhulelwe noma uhlengikazi. Kungase kudingeke ube nokuhlolwa kwegazi ngezikhathi ezithile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imithi ayizange ithinte ukusebenza kwesibindi , ukubala kwegazi, noma umsebenzi we-thyroid.
I-Tysabri (natalizumab)
I-Tysabri iyi -antibody yamonoclonal eyenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuthi amangqamuzana omzimba omzimba afinyelele ebuchosheni nasendlini yomgogodla .
- Yimuphi uhlobo lwe-MS oluphathayo? Ukubuyiselwa kabusha-ukukhipha isifo sofuba esingakaze siphendule kwezinye izifo.
- Iphumelela kangakanani? Ihlisa izinga lokuphindaphinda kwe-MS ngamaphesenti angu-60.
- Kuthathwa kanjani? Ngamahora angamaviki amane ehhovisi likadokotela noma kwenye indawo yokulashwa.
- Ziyini imiphumela emibi? I-Tysabri ingabangela ikhanda, ubuhlungu, ukukhathala, ukucindezeleka, nokuhuda. Abanye abantu banomphumela wokuqeda imithi.
- Ukuqapha: I- Tysabri yandisa ingozi yokutheleleka ngegciwane lobuchopho okuthiwa i- progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) eqhubekayo engabangela ukukhubazeka okukhulu noma ukufa. Ngenxa yalokhu, uhlelo lokuqapha oluyinkimbinkimbi luhlelwe ngabantu abathatha i- Tysabri . Akuyona ukwelashwa okuphephile kubantu abanesimiso sokuzivikela esibuthakathaka noma abesifazane abakhulelwe noma abancancisayo.
> Umthombo:
> I-National Institute of Neurological Disorder and Stroke. "I-Multiple Sclerosis: Ithemba Ngokwenza Ucwaningo."