Ama-Fractures we-Clavicle
I-collarbone, ebizwa nangokuthi i-clavicle, iyithambo phezulu kwesifuba sakho, phakathi kwesifuba sakho se-breast (sternum) ne-shoulder blade (scapula). Kulula ukuzwa i-clavicle, ngoba ngokungafani namanye amathambo ahlanganiswe nemisipha, isikhumba kuphela sihlanganisa ingxenye enkulu yethambo.
I-clavicle fractures ijwayelekile kakhulu. I-collarbones ephukile ivela ezinganeni (ngokuvamile ngesikhathi sokuzalwa), izingane kanye nentsha (ngoba i-clavicle ayigcwalisi ukuthuthukiswa kuze kube sekupheleni kwezinsizwa eziseduze), abagijimi (ngenxa yezingozi zokushaywa noma ukuwa), noma ngezihlobo eziningi zezingozi nokuwa.
I-Clavicle fractures i-akhawunti phakathi kwezingu-2 no-5% kuzo zonke iziqhekeko.
Izimpawu Ze-Collarbone Ephukile
Ngokuvamile, iziguli ezine -clavicle fracture zikhononda ubuhlungu behlombe kanye nobunzima ukuhambisa ingalo yabo. Izimpawu ezivamile zalokhu ukulimala zihlanganisa:
- Ubuhlungu phezu kwe-collarbone
- Ukukhubazeka kwe-collarbone
- Ukuvuvukala nokulimala eduze kwehlombe. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukulimala kungadlulela esifubeni nasekhanda.
- Kunzima ukuphakamisa ingalo kusuka ohlangothini
- Ubumbulu nokuxubha kungenzeka ngaphansi kwengalo
Ehhovisi likadokotela noma ekamelweni eliphuthumayo, kuyotholakala i-x-ray ukuhlola uhlobo oluthile lwe-clavicle fracture. Udokotela wakho uzophinde enze uhlolo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izimbangela nemithambo yegazi ezungeze i-clavicle zihambelana. Izishukela kanye nezitsha azivame ukulimala ngenxa yekholomu ephukile kodwa ezimweni ezinzima, lokhu kulimala okuhambisanayo kungenzeka.
Izinhlobo ze-Clavicle Fractures
Ngokuvamile, ama-clavicle fractures ahlukaniswa abe izinhlobo ezintathu zokulimala kuye ngokuthi indawo yephuka:
- Mid-Shaft Clavicle Fractures (75%)
Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-clavicle fracture lungaphakathi kwesithathu lesithambo. Lokhu kulimala kungaba yinto elula emthanjeni, noma ehamba kabi. Ukukhathazeka okukodwa kwenzeka uma kunezinhlupho eziningi emathanjeni (ukuhlukana kwesigaba), ukuhamba okuphawulekayo (ukuhlukaniswa), noma ukunciphisa ubude bethambo.
- I-Claple Clavicle Fractures (20%)
I-distal clavicle i-fracture iyenzeka eduze kokuphela kwe-collarbone emhlangothini wehlombe. Le ngxenye yehlombe ibizwa ngokuthi i-acromioclavicular (AC) ehlangene, futhi ama- distal clavicle fractures ngokuvamile anezinkinga ezifanayo zokwelashwa njengengozi yokujoyina i- AC . - Ama-Clavicle Fractures (5%)
Ama-clavicle fractures aphakathi ajwayelekile kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile abe nobuhlobo bokulimala ekuhlanganyeleni kwe- sternoclavicular . Omunye wamapuleti wokugcina okuvulwa emzimbeni usekupheleni kokuphela kwe-clavicle, ngakho-ke, ukukhuphuka kweplate plate ye-clavicle kungabonakala ekupheleni kweminyaka yeshumi nambili.
Ukwelashwa kweClavicle Fractures
Ukuphathwa kwe-clavicle fracture kufezwa ngokuvumela ithambo ukuba liphulukise, noma ukwenza inqubo yokuhlinzwa yokubuyisela ukulungiswa kahle kwethambo futhi ibambe esikhundleni. Ngokungafani nezinye izinkinga eziningi, ezinye izindlela zokwelapha amathambo aphukile azifanelekile kuma-clavicle fractures. Ukushaywa i-clavicle fracture akukwenziwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetha kabusha ithambo (okuthiwa ukunciphisa okuvaliwe) akukwenziwa ngoba ayikho indlela yokubamba ithambo ekuhambisaneni ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa.
Ukwenza isinqumo mayelana nokuhlinzwa, ezinye zezici ezilandelayo zingacatshangwa udokotela wakho:
- Indawo yokuqhekeka kanye nesilinganiso sokuthutha kwethambo (i-nondisplaced, noma i-minimalally displaced, ama-fractures kufanele aphathwe ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa)
- Okunye ukulimala okungenzeka kwenzeke (iziguli ezinobungozi bekhanda noma izinkinga eziningi zingaphathwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa)
- Ubudala besiguli (iziguli ezincane zinekhono elingcono lokuphulukisa kusukela ekuqhekekeni ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa)
- Ukulindela isiguli (uma ukulimala kuhilela nomgijimi, isisebenzi esinzima, noma umkhawulo ophezulu, kungase kube nesizathu esengeziwe sokuhlinzwa)
Udokotela wakho angakwazi ukuxoxa nawe mayelana nenzuzo nokuqeda ukuhlinzwa. Nakuba iningi lama-fractures e-clavicle lingaphathwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa, kunezimo ezithile lapho ukuhlinzeka kunganikeza umphumela ongcono.
Izinhlobo eziningana zesekelo zisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa okungewona ukwelashwa kwama-clavicle fractures. Lezi zihlanganisa u-sling noma u-8-brace brace. Ngokuvamile, ngithanda ukuthungatha, njengoba isibalo se-8 se-brace singaboniswa ukuthi sithinte ukulungiswa kokuhlukana, futhi iziguli ngokuvamile zithola ukuthungatha okukhululekile.
Ukuphulukisa i-Collarbone ephukile
Ama-fractures ama-clavicle kufanele aphulukise ngokuphelele ngaphakathi kwamasonto angu-12, kodwa ubuhlungu buvame ukungena phakathi kwamasonto ambalwa. Ngokuvamile iziguli zibuyela emisebenzini egcwele ngaphambi kokuba amasonto angu-12 adlule, ikakhulukazi neziguli ezincane. Ukwehlisa imfuyo akudingeki kudlule amasonto ambalwa futhi ngaleso sikhathi, umsebenzi olula nokuhamba kahle kungase kuqale.
Njengomhlahlandlela jikelele wokubuyela emisebenzini, akukho okumele kubangele ubuhlungu obubi. Uma ungagqoki isikebhe kubangele ubuhlungu, gqoka u-sling. Uma ukushayela kulimaza isayithi lokuphulwa, ungaqhubi. Uma ukuphonsa ibhola kubuhlungu, ungaphonsa. Uma umsebenzi awubangeli ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukubuya kancane kancane kungenziwa ukuzama.
Ukubuyiselwa ngokuvamile kuvedile, ngokubuyiselwa okuphelele kulindelwe. Iziguli zingase zibone ukuqhuma okuqhubekayo lapho ukuphuka kwakukhona (kaningi izinyanga noma ngaphezulu), kodwa lokhu akufanele kube nzima.
Imithombo:
Jeray KJ. "Ukuhlukunyezwa Okuvamile Kwe-Midshaft" J Am Acad Orthop Surg April 2007 vol. 15 no. 4 239-248