Yeka ukuthi i-Bone Broken Bone ihlolwe kanjani futhi ithathwa kanjani
I-femur, eyaziwa nangokuthi ithambo lethanga, ingenye yamathambo amakhulu kunawo wonke amakhulu kunawo wonke emzimbeni ophuma ehlangothini lwe-hip kuze kube semadolweni . Ngenxa yokuthi inamandla kakhulu, idinga amandla amakhulu ukuwaphula.
Uma kuthiwa, izimo ezithile zezokwelapha zingenza buthaka ithambo futhi zenze kube yingozi kakhulu ekuqhekekeni. Lezi zihlanganisa ukuguqulwa kwamathambo , izicubu, ukutheleleka, ngisho nemithi ethile ye- bisphosphonate esetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-osteoporosis.
Ukuphuka kwalezi zinhlobo kubizwa ngokuthi yi- pathologic femur fractures .
I-Femur fractures ngokuvamile ihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezintathu ezibanzi:
I-Proximal Femur Fractures
Amaphutha ama-femal fracture , noma ama-hip fractures, afaka ingxenye engaphezulu kwethanga lesenzeni eduze kwesibindi se-hip. Lezi fracture zihlukaniswa ngezigaba ezahlukene:
- Ama-femoral neck fractures yilokho okwenzekayo lapho ibhola le-ball-and-socket lihlangene phezulu kwesifazane.
- I-intertrochanteric hip fractures ivele ngaphansi kwezinsikazi zezinsikazi futhi ilungiswa kalula kunezintambo zezintambo zezinsikazi.
- Ukuntuleka kwamapelvic okufiphakile kwenzeka emthanjeni we-pelvic kunokuba i-femur ngokwayo futhi ingasetshenziswa kaningi ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa.
I-Femoral Shaft Fractures
Ukulimala kwe-femal shaft ukulimala okukhulu okuvame ukuvela ngenxa yokushayisana kwemoto ephakeme noma ukuwa okuphakama okukhulu.
Ukwelapha cishe kudinga ukuhlinzwa njalo.
Inqubo ejwayelekile kunazo zonke ihilela ukungena kwe-pole metal (eyaziwa ngokuthi i- intramedullary rod ) phakathi nethanga lesenzeni. Lokhu kusiza ukuxhuma kabusha iziphetho ezimbili ezivikelekile ngezikuluzi ezingenhla nangaphansi kwephutha. Inkonga ye-intramedullary ngokuvamile ihlala ethanjeni kodwa ingasuswa uma ibangela ubuhlungu noma ezinye izinkinga.
Inqubo evamile ehilela ukusetshenziswa kwamapuleti nezikuluzi ukuze kutholakale ukuphuka okubekwe eceleni yi- fixator yangaphandle . I-fixator, ekhona ngaphandle komlenze kodwa ingena esikhunjeni ukuze iqinise izingxenyana zamathambo, iqinisekisa ukuthi i-femur ingenakuqedwa ngokuphelele futhi ikwazi kangcono ukuphulukisa.
I-Supracondylar Femur Fractures
Ukuhlukunyezwa kwesifazane ngokwemvelo kungukulimala okungavamile okwenzeka ngenhla nje kwebhande elihlangene. Lezi fracture zivame ukubandakanya ubuso be-knetilage ehlangothini lamadolo futhi zivame ukubonakala kubantu abane-osteoporosis enkulu noma labo abaye bahlinzwa ukuguqulwa kwamadolo .
Ukuphazamiseka kwesisu esiphezulu yisimo esibucayi njengoba kungandisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa i- arthritis yegciwane kamuva ekuphileni.
Ukwelashwa kwesisu se-superracondylar fracture kuguquke kakhulu futhi kungabandakanya ukukhishwa noma ukukhwabanisa, i-fixator yangaphandle, induku ye-intramedullary, noma ukusetshenziswa kwamapuleti nezikuluvu.
Ukwelapha
Ukuphuka kwesifazane kuhlale kubhekwa njengesidingo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esidinga ukuhlolwa okusheshayo nokwelashwa esibhedlela. Ukwelashwa kuncike ngokuyinhloko endaweni yokuqhekeka kanye nephethini nobubanzi bekhefu.
Ngokubaluleke kakhulu isimo sezempilo somuntu ngamunye, kubandakanya namandla nobukhulu besithambo esithintekile.
I-computed tomography (CT) kanye nokuhlola kwe-imagination magnetic resonance (MRI) yizindlela ezimbili ezijwayelekile zokuhlola lokhu.
> Umthombo:
> Von Keudell, A .; I-Shoji, K .; Nasr, M. et al. Izinketho zokwelashwa ze-Distal Femur Fractures. " J Ortho Trauma. 2016; 30: S25-27. I-DOI: 10.1097 / BOT.0000000000000621.