I-Anaphylaxis yindlela yokusabela okungazelelwe futhi enamandla okubandakanya uhlelo olungaphezu kwesisodwa somzimba. Kuyinto ephuthumayo yokwelapha ephuthumayo. Ngokuvamile uzoba nokusebenza kwesikhumba nokuphefumula okuphefumula, okungahle kube ukushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic ngokudonsa kwengcindezi yegazi. Funda indlela yokuthola ukusabela kwe-anaphylactic ukuze ufune ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha.
Izimpawu Ezivamile
I-Anaphylaxis ngokuyinhloko i-reactionergic reaction. Ukusabela kwe-allergenic kuba i-anaphylaxis uma ukungezwani komzimba kuqala ukuphazamisa isimiso somzimba esisodwa, njengesikhumba nesimiso sokuphefumula. I-Anaphylaxis iza ngokuzumayo futhi izimpawu ziyaqhubeka ngokushesha.
Ukuze uthole ukuphazamiseka kwe-anaphylactic, bheka kuqala izibonakaliso zokungezwani komzimba:
- Itching
- Olubomvu, ophakanyisiwe, isikhumba esikhulayo kubonakala ngamaphesenti angama-90 amacala
- Ukuphefumula noma ukuphefumula kubonakala ngamaphesenti angu-70 amacala
Izimpawu zingabonakala ezingxenyeni eziningi zomzimba:
- Isikhumba: Ungase ube ne-flushing kanye nokushaya. Ama-hives angathuthuka, aphakanyiswa ama-bumps ama-blanch (aphenduke amhlophe) uma uwacindezela. I-Angioedema ingahlakulela, okuvuvukala phansi kwesikhumba.
- Amehlo: Ungase ube nezibonakaliso zokucasuka kubandakanya ukucheka, ukubomvu, ukukhiqiza kwezinyembezi, kanye nesikhumba kungase kuvule amehlo.
- Ukuphefumula okuphezulu: Ukubambisana, impumu egijima, nokukhipha kungathuthuka. Ungaba nomuzwa wokuvuvukala, ukukhipha, noma ukuphazamiseka komphimbo.
- I-Oral: Ungase uzwe ulimi oluvuvukile, izindebe, noma umphimbo, noma ukuzwa okungavamile kokuzwa.
- Ukuphefumula okuphansi: Ungaba nokuphefumula kanzima, ukuphefumula, nesifuba
- Ukujikeleza komzimba: Ungase ube nesifo senhliziyo esisheshayo noma esincane futhi umfutho wegazi ophansi. Ungase uzizwe uhlaziyekile, udikibala, noma ungadlula.
- Uhlelo lwezinzwa: Ungaba nokukhathazeka noma ukudideka, ube nenkulumo ekhukhumezekile, futhi ungase uzizwe unomonakalo ozayo.
- I-digestive system: I-nausea, ukuhlanza, uhudo, noma ubuhlungu besisu kungenzeka.
Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Anaphylactic
I-Anaphylaxis iba ukushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic lapho isiguli sibonisa izimpawu zokucindezeleka kwegazi eliphansi :
- Ukudideka
- Ukungabi namandla
- Umbala wombala
- Ukungaboni
Ukuphazamiseka kwe-anaphylactic ngokuvamile kunezimpawu zokuphefumula . Isiguli asinenkinga yokuphefumula njalo, kodwa uma senza, kuyisibonakaliso esihle ukuphendula kwabo okubangelwa ukwelapha kuba i-anaphylaxis. Lezi izibonakaliso ze-telltale okufanele uzibheke:
- Ayikwazi ukukhuluma amagama angaphezu kweyodwa noma amabili
- Ukuhlala ngqo ngqo noma ngezandla emadolweni
- Ukushisa ukuphefumula
- Ukuphikisa izindebe ukuphefumula
- Ukusebenzisa imisipha yentamo ukuthatha ukuphefumula
Ukuboniswa kwe-Allergen njengeSignali
Kulula ukubona izimpawu nezimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwe-anaphylactic uma kukhona ukuvezwa kwe-allergen eyaziwayo. Ngokwesibonelo, labo abanezinyosi ezibangelwa izinyosi bevame ukuthi bayazizwa. Noma ubani obenokuzizwa okweqile esikhathini esidlule kufanele aqaphele noma yiziphi izimpawu ngisho noma kungekho ukuvezwa kwe-allergen kuye kwabonakala. Isibonelo, abantu abane-allergies yokudla banamathuba amaningi okuba ne-anaphylaxis ngenkathi bedla ngisho nalapho bengacabangi ukuthi badla ukudla abakutholayo. Kwomunye umuntu, kungasiza ekutholeni imbangela yezimpawu uma begqoka izigqoko zokuqapha zezokwelapha ezibonisa ukungezwani komzimba.
Izimpawu ezijwayelekile
Isiqephu se-anaphylaxis sivame ukukhula futhi sithuthuke masinyane, sifinyelele phezulu kumaminithi angu-30 kuya kwangu-60, bese sixazulula ngokugcwele esikhathini esizayo. Kodwa-ke, kunamaphethini e-atypical.
I-biphasic anaphylaxis ibonakala ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-20 weziguli, ezenzeka kuzo kokubili izingane kanye nabantu abadala. Kwakuvele kucatshangwa ukuthi ihamba phambili. Kulesi sethulo, uzoba nesenzo sokuqala se-anaphylactic futhi sizoxazulula. Kodwa-ke unezimpendulo zokubuyela emuva ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva. Yingakho ungeniswa esibhedlela ukuze ubheke ngemuva kokuphendula kwe-anaphylactic. Kwezinye izimo, abantu ngeke babe nezibonakaliso ezinzima kakhulu ze-anaphylaxis, njengokubethwa kanzima, futhi banqume ukungatholi ukunakekelwa kwezempilo.
Kodwa-ke, basengozini yokuphendula okwenziwa yi-biphasic, okungaholela emiphumeleni enzima. Ucwaningo olwanyatheliswa ngo-2015 lwezehlakalo zezingane lathola izigameko eziphakeme ezinganeni ezineminyaka engu-6 kuya ku-9. Zingase zenzeke kangcono nge-dose eyodwa ye-epinephrine, ebonisa ukuthi babe nesenzo esiphezulu kakhulu. Babuye babe nokuphuza ekutholeni ukwelashwa nge-epinephrine noma befika emnyangweni ophuthumayo.
I-anaphylaxis esilandelayo ibonakala ingavamile. Kulokhu, izimpawu zingadlulela ezinsukwini eziningana kuze kube ngaphezu kwesonto ngaphandle kokuxazulula ngokucacile ngokuphelele.
Izinkinga / Izinkomba ezingaphansi kweqembu
I-Anaphylaxis ingaholela ekufeni uma ingelashwa. I-infarction ye-myocardial noma i-fibrillation ye-atrial ingathuthuka ngesikhathi i-anaphylaxis, futhi lezi zingozi zengqondo zikhulu kakhulu ezigulini ezingaphezu kweminyaka engu-50.
I-Epinephrine iyisidakamizwa esizikhethela ukuphatha i-anaphylaxis, kodwa ibeka ingozi yokudlula ngokweqile futhi idala izinkinga zempilo. Eziguli ezikhulile, ucwaningo oluthile lubonisa ukuthi kuphephile ukuhlinzeka ngezijovo ze-intramuscular rather than epinephrine engenasifo.
Nini Ukubona Udokotela / Yiya esibhedlela
Uma unayo izimpawu ze-anaphylaxis, finyelela ekunakekelweni kwezempilo ngokushesha. Kuyafaneleka ukushayela u-911 ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo. Izikhathi ezivame kakhulu ukuthuthukisa izimpawu emva kokudla, ukugwedwa yizinambuzane, noma ukuthatha imithi.
Ungalindi ukubiza ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo. Ukusabela kungathuthuka ngokushesha. Ama-hives angashintsha ukuphazamiseka kwe-anaphylactic ngemizuzu. Uma uwedwa, usengozini yokungazi lutho ngaphambi kokuthi ungabize ukunakekelwa.
Uma wazi ukuthi usengozini yokuthola i-anaphylaxis ekungezwani komzimba, fonela ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okuphuthumayo ngokushesha nje uma wazi ukuthi uye wavezwa. Ngisho noma usebenzisa i-epinephrine self-injector uzodinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo.
Imithombo:
> Alqurashi W, Stiell I, Chan K, Neto G, Alsadoon A, Wells G. Epidemiology kanye Nokwakhiwa Kwemitholampilo ye-Biphasic Reactions Ezinganeni ezine-Anaphylaxis. Ama-Annal ofergy, i-Asthma & Immunology . 2015; 115 (3). i-doi: 10.1016 / j.anai.2015.05.013.
> Anaphylaxis. I-American Academy Yokuguqulwa Kwesifo Sokuvuthwa Nokuzibulala Ngomzimba. http://www.aaaai.org/conditions-and-treatments/library/allergy-library/anaphylaxis.
> Campbell RL, Bellolio MF, Knutson BD, et al. I-Epinephrine ku-Anaphylaxis: Ingozi Ephakeme Yezinkinga Ze-Cardiovascular and Overdose Ngemva kokuphathwa kwe-Intravenous Bolus Epinephrine Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Intramuscular Epinephrine. I-Journal of Ukuzivocavoca Ne-Immunology Clinic: In Practice . 2015; 3 (1): 76-80. i-doi: 10.1016 / j.jaip.2014.06.007.
> Campbell RL, Hagan JB, Li JT, et al. Anaphylaxis Emnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo Iziguli 50 noma 65 Iminyaka noma Abadala. Ama-Annal ofergy, i-Asthma & Immunology . 2011; 106 (5): 401-406. i-doi: 10.1016 / j.anai.2011.01.011.
> Oya S, Nakamori T, Kinoshita H. Ukukhubazeka Nezici ze-Anaphylaxis ye-Biphasic neyesikhashana. Ukuhlolwa kweziguli ezingama-114. I-Medicine ejulile nokuhlinzwa . 2014; 1 (4): 228-233. i-doi: 10.1002 / ams2.48.