Umdlavuza we-Ovarian uye wabizwa ngegama elithi "umbulali othulile" ngoba kuthiwa yizibonakaliso ezimbalwa nezinyathelo ezigabeni zakuqala zesifo. Nokho, maduzane, abacwaningi bathole ukuthi abesifazane empeleni bavame ukuba nezibonakaliso, njengokuqhaqha kwesisu, ukuzwa ngokugcwele ngokushesha lapho bedla, ubuhlungu be-pelvic, kanye nemvamisa ye-urinary, kodwa ngokuvamile baqaphele, bangaqondakali futhi baxoshwa kalula ngenxa yento ethile .
Ukuthola umbono wezokwelapha mayelana nalezo zimpawu kubalulekile ukubamba umdlavuza we-ovarian ekuseni ngoba, ngeshwa, akukho ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kwesifo ngalesi sikhathi futhi amacala amaningi atholakale ezigabeni zabo eziphambili.
Izimpawu Zokuqala Zokuqala
Lapho ekwaziswa ngomuthi we-ovarian diagnostic futhi ebuza ngomlando wezibonakaliso ezihlobene, abesifazane abaningi babukeka emuva futhi bayaqaphela ukuthi babenezibonakaliso ezinjalo isikhathi esithile-bekungabonakali noma bebucayi ukuze baxoxe nodokotela.
Abacwaningi baye baqaphela ukuthi izimpawu ezine, ikakhulukazi, zingase zibe khona ekuqaleni kwezifo. Uma uthola noma yikuphi kwalokhu, khuluma nodokotela wakho.
Ukuvimbela Amathumbu
Iningi labantu liyaqaphela ukuvimbela kwesisu nokuvuvukala ngezikhathi ezithile, ikakhulukazi esikhathini sokuqala noma ngemva kokudla ukudla okukhulu. Kodwa ukuqhuma okuphikisanayo kuyisibonakaliso sokuxwayisa somdlavuza we-ovarian. I-degree of bloating ingahlukahluka komnene kuze kube nzima, kodwa ngokuvamile iyenzeka nsuku zonke futhi ingaba nzima kakhulu isikhathi.
Ukuziphendulela okuhle kungase kube khona.
Njengoba lesi sibonakaliso singenangqondo, qaphela uma izingubo zakho zizwa ziqinile emgqeni wakho, ngisho noma ungakutholi isisindo. Thatha isibuko esibukweni. Ngeke uzizwe uvinjelwe kodwa qaphela ukubhula okubonakalayo esibukweni. Abanye besifazane bathuthukisa amanothi, ikakhulukazi uma bengakaze bakhulelwe.
Esikhathini esiningi, ukuvimbela umdlavuza we-ovarian wokuqala kukhishwa njengento ehlobene nobudala, ukuyeka esikhathini, noma ukuthola amakhilogremu ambalwa. Ukuzwa ukuvinjelwa okungaphezu kosuku noma ezimbili kuyisizathu sokukhathazeka.
Ubuhlungu be-pelvic noma ukucindezela
Ubuhlungu be-pelvic obuzwa njengezinhlanzi zokuya esikhathini zibuye zivame nomdlavuza we-ovarian. Njengokuvimbela, abesifazane abaningi bavame ukuzwa ubuhlungu be-pelvic ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi phakathi nezikhathi zabo. Kodwa uma ubuhlungu be-pelvic obuphikelela, ikakhulukazi uma buhambisana nomqondo wokucindezela kwe-pelvic, kuyisizathu sokubona udokotela wakho. Ubuhlungu bungasendaweni eyodwa, kodwa futhi kungasakazwa futhi kuzwe konke okuvelayo.
Ukuzwa Ngokugcwele Ngokudla
Abantu abaningi abanomdlavuza we-ovarian zakuqala bathi bayazizwa begcwele ngokushesha ngemva kokudla ukudla okujwayelekile okwedlula okwenziwe esikhathini esidlule. Bangase baqhubeke nokuzwa lokhu phakathi kokudla. Lokhu kungahle kube khona noma kungahambisani negesi nokwehliswa. Ukulahlekelwa isisindo kuvame ukwelashwa kakhulu kwe-ovarian kansa kodwa kungase kube uphawu lokuqala oluhlobene nalo mqondo wokugcwala esifundeni esiswini noma esiswini.
Ukuvama kwe-Urinary
Ukuvuthwa ngokuphindaphindiwe noma ukuzwa umuzwa wokuphuthuma uma udinga ukuhamba kungase kwenzeke ngokushesha ngomdlavuza we-ovarian.
Lokhu kungahle kuhlobene nokucindezelwa kwesikhumba esivela ku-tumor kodwa futhi nezinguquko ze-hormonal ezibangelwa ezinye izicubu. Abanye besifazane banomuzwa wokuthi banesidingo sokuvuthwa, kepha uma behlezi baqaphele ukuthi akudingeki bahambe.
Izimpawu eziseqophelweni eliphezulu
Kunezinye izimpawu ezivame ukutholakala nomdlavuza we-ovarian, kodwa eziningi zazo zivele kuphela ngemva kokuba isisu sifinyelele esiteji esiphambili. Futhi, kunezimbangela eziningi ezingabangela lezi, futhi kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho ukuthi anqume imbangela.
Izinguquko Emikhwalweni Yezinkwa
Lesi yisibonakaliso esibaluleke kunazo zonke okufanele usiqaphele (somdlavuza wekoloni, futhi). Imikhuba yamathumbu ingashintsha kokubili ukuqotshwa nokuhuda.
Uma isiguli sigxilisa ingcindezi emathunjini, izitshalo zingase zibe mncane kakhulu. Esikhathini esilandelayo sezinga lomdlavuza we-ovarian, izicubu emathunjini nasesiswini zingabangela ukuvimbela isisu. Izimpawu zalezo zivame ukufaka ubuhlungu obuhlungu besisu, ukuhlanza, nokuhuda.
Ubuhlungu Ngezinkinga Zokulala
Ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokulala , okubizwa nangokuthi i-dyspareunia, kungase kwenzeke nomdlavuza we-ovarian kodwa futhi kuyisibonakaliso esivamile sezinye izimo ezifana nesifo sokuvuvukala kwe-pelvic. Lobuhlungu buvame ukuzwa ohlangothini olulodwa ngaphezu kolunye kodwa lungenziwa jikelele. Ubuhlungu obunjengesiqhwa sokuya esikhathini kungase futhi buqale ngezocansi bese uqhubeka isikhathi esithile emva kwalokho. Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi lesi sibonakaliso singaba isibonakaliso esiyisixwayiso semibandela eminingi, kodwa singabangela ubunzima obungokomzwelo nobuhlobo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho uma ubhala noma yikuphi ukukhathazeka ngesikhathi noma emva kocansi.
Ukuhlungu obusemhlane
Ubuhlungu bungase buvele emuva noma endaweni engezansi (ohlangothini lomzimba, cishe emkhatsini wezinyosi kanye nomlenze) futhi uzizwe ufana nobuhlungu bokuya esikhathini noma izinyathelo zokuqala zomsebenzi. I-backache engezansi engahlobene nemisebenzi efana nokuphakamisa okunzima kufanele ibone.
Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo okungenalutho noma ukutholakala kwesisindo
Lapho kutholakala isisindo, ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngokusheshisa ngenxa yokuqoqwa kwamanzi emzimbeni (nge-ascites, okuphawulwe ngezansi).
Ukulahlekelwa isisindo kungenzeka ngenhlanganisela yezizathu, kufaka phakathi ukuzwa kokuqala kokugcwala nokulahlekelwa kwesidlo. Ngomdlavuza ophuthumayo, umdlavuza wesifo somdlavuza -isifo sokulahlekelwa isisindo, ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo somzimba, nokulahlekelwa ukudla-kungenzeka ukuthi kudlalwa.
Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo okungenasisekelo kuchazwa njengokulahlekelwa ngamaphesenti angu-5 noma ngaphezulu kwesisindo somzimba esikhathini esiyizinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kwezingu-12. Isibonelo sokulahlekelwa kwesisindo esingachazwanga kungaba owesifazane wamaphilenti angu-150 olahlekelwa ngamakhilogremu angu-7.5 esikhathini esingangezinyanga eziyisithupha ngaphandle kokushintsha kokudla kwakhe noma ukuvivinya umzimba.
Ukulahleka kwesisindo okungenalutho kufanele kuhlolwe ngaso sonke isikhathi, njengoba kunezinye izimo ezibucayi ezingabangela lesi sifo ngaphezu komdlavuza we-ovarian. Ucwaningo luye lwabona ukuthi ngaphezu kwengxenye yesithathu yabantu ababhekene nokulahlekelwa kwesisindo okungalindelekile banomdlavuza wezinhlobo ezithile.
Iqoqo le-Fluid esiswini (ama-Ascites)
Enye indlela yokuvuvukala kwesisu kungavela ezinyathelweni eziphakeme kakhulu zomdlavuza we-ovarian. Ngama-metastases kuya emgodini wesibindi nesibindi, inani elikhulu lomswakama lingagcina futhi ludinga amanzi. Lokhu kubizwa njenge- ascites . Ama-Ascite nawo angabangela ukuphefumula uma umkhuhlane uqhubekela phezulu emaphashini.
Ukukhathala
Ukukhathala yiyona ndlela ejwayelekile kakhulu yomdlavuza kepha kungaba uphawu lwezinto ezihlukahlukene zezokwelapha. Ukukhathala okwenziwe ngomdlavuza kuvame ukuhluka ngokukhathala okujwayelekile; ayiphenduli ebusuku obuhle bokulala noma indebe enhle yekhofi. Njengomdlavuza we-ovariya uyaqhubeka, amangqamuzana omdlavuza aphikisana namaseli aphilile amandla, okuholela ekukhathaleni.
I-Germ Cell ne-Stromal Cell Izikhwama
Ama-tumor ye-germ nesifo socansi, izifo ze-ovarian ezivame ukutholakala kwabesifazane abasebasha, zingase zibe nezimpawu ezichazwe ngenhla kodwa zingase zibe nezimpawu ezengeziwe. Ezinye zazo zihlanganisa:
Masculinization
Izicubu ezikhiqiza ama-hormone ezinhlobonhlobo zesilisa zingaholela ekuzileni kwamasimini, ngezibonakaliso ezifana nokwehliswa kwezwi nokukhula kwezinwele zesilisa. Lezi zimpawu zivame ukutholakala ezinhlakeni ze-stromal ovarian ezibizwa nge- Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors .
Ukukhishwa kwamagciwane noma ukukhipha
Ukukhishwa kwamagciwane (okucacile, okuphuzi, noma okwegazi) kanye / noma ukugeleza okufana nesikhathi kungase kwenzeke. Izimpawu zokugaya ngaphambi kokuqeda (isikhathi sokuqala), emva kokunqamuka kwesikhashana, noma umjikelezo phakathi kwabesifazane abaneminyaka yobudala yokubeletha kufanele zihanjiswe udokotela njengoba kunezimbangela eziningi ezingase zibe khona. Ukuphuma kwegazi okungavamile kuyisifo esivamile samathumba omzimba we-stromal futhi kuhlotshaniswa ne-estrogen eyabanjwa yizicubu.
Ukuguga Okungenangqondo
Ukuqala kwentsha (okungakahleleki) kungase kwenzeke ngenxa yezicubu zokuvimbela i-estrogen futhi kuvame ukubonwa nge-germ cell kanye ne-stromal cell tumors. Izimpawu zingase zibandakanye ukuthuthukiswa kwesifuba sokuqala, ukuthuthukiswa kwezinwele ze-pubic, noma ama-early ments kumantombazane.
Ubuhlungu obukhulu bePelvic
Ubuhlungu obukhulu be-pelvic nokucindezelwa yizibonakaliso zokuqala zomdlavuza we-ovari, kodwa ubuhlungu obunzima bungakhipha isifo se-ovarian ngendlela ehlukile. Izicubu ze-ovari, ikakhulukazi i-germ cell kanye ne-stromal cell tumors, zingabangela i-ovary ukuba iguquke eduze kwe-tube fallopian (torsion). Uma lokhu kwenzeka, imithwalo yegazi ehambisa igazi ku-ovary ingaqedwa, futhi ukungabi khona kwegazi kungabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukuphuma kwegazi, futhi ngokuvamile ukutheleleka.
Mass Mass
Okuvamile kakhulu ne-germ cell kanye nezicubu ze-stromal cell kumantombazane nabesifazane abasebasha, inqwaba ye-pelvic ingase ibe uphawu lokuqala lomdlavuza. Izicubu ze-ovari (njenge-cysts) ngezinye izikhathi ziba zikhulu kakhulu ngaphambi kokuba zidale izimpawu eziningi.
Izinkinga
Ngaphandle kwezimpawu ezingenhla, umdlavuza we-ovarian ngezinye izikhathi ungabangela izinkinga, ngokuvamile ngenxa yemetastases kuya esiswini nasemaphaphu. Khumbula ukuthi abantu abaningi banezinkinga ezimbalwa uma zikhona. Noma kunjalo, kubalulekile ukwazi ezinye zezindlela futhi ufune ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma unayo izimpawu. Ezinye zazo zihlanganisa:
Ukwakhiwa kwemizimba
Ngeshwa, ukuvimbela izifo kungase kwenzeke kokubili ngenxa yemithi yokugaya esiswini nasesikhwameni, nokunamathela (izicubu ezibomvu) ezakhiwe emva kokuhlinzwa kwesisu noma kwesisu (kubandakanya ukuhlinzwa komdlavuza we-ovarian). Lezi zicubu ezilalayo zingaholela ezinkanyeni nasezikhungweni ezifuywayo, okwenza kube nzima.
Izimpawu zivame ukufaka ubuhlungu obukhulu, ubuhlungu besisu nokuhlanza. Kuvame ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe izingxenye ezithintekile zamathumbu. Uma kwenzeka lokhu, ithubhu yesisu esiswini noma i-nasogastric tube ngokuvamile idinga ukondla ngenkathi isilonda sithola.
I-Stomas (Ileostomy neColostomy)
Uma umathumbu ungakwazi ukuxhunyaniswa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ngenxa yesithiyo esincane noma esikhulu, ukuphela kwesilwane kungasetshenziswa isikhumba esikhunjeni noma okwesikhashana (ngokuphindwa kabusha) noma ngezinye izikhathi unomphela. Lapho ubuthongo obuncane buhilelekile, le stoma (uxhumano lwamathumbu esikhumbeni sokudonsa amanzi) kuthiwa i-ileostomy, futhi uma ihlanganisa i-colon, i-colostomy.
I-Perforated Colon
Umdlavuza we-ovariya uvame ukumelana nodonga lwamathumbu futhi ukhule. Izicubu zingenza buthakathaka, zibeke isiteji sezinyosi ezitholakala emathunjini futhi zidale ukutheleleka (peritonitis). Kuvame ukuhlinzwa ukuze kudlule indawo enesifo segciwane.
Ukuvinjelwa kokugcinwa kwe-Ureter / Urinary
Ama-cancer angama-ovari angakwazi ukusabalala esikhwameni, avimbele amashubhu avela ezinsweni kuya kwesinye. Uma kokubili ureters kuvinjelwe, ukukhipha umchamo kuzokwehla. Uma ngabe i-ureter eyodwa ivinjiwe, kungenzeka kube khona izimpawu noma kungaba khona ubuhlungu obukhulu, kuye ngokuthi indawo yokuvinjelwa. Ukubekwa kwe-stent ukuze ubambe i-ureter evulekile kungadingeka ukuxazulula ukuvinjelwa.
I-Pleural Effusion
Nge- metastases kuya emaphashini noma esifundeni sesifuba, uketshezi lungakha phakathi kwezingqimba ezibeka emaphashini (i- pleura ). Ngesinye isikhathi lokhu okuketshezi kuqukethe amangqamuzana omdlavuza futhi kubizwa ngokuthi i- effusion ebulalayo yesikhala .
Inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-thoracentesis (ukubeka inaliti esikhumbeni esikhwameni esifubeni) kungasetshenziselwa ukukhipha amanzi. Amaphutha amaningi aphindaphinda abuyele umdlavuza futhi, uma kwenzeka lokhu, i-stent ingafakwa ukuze kuvunyelwe amanzi okuqhubekayo; njengenye indlela, amakhemikhali angase abekwe phakathi kwezingxenye zokubangela izinambuzane ukuba zishaye ndawonye ukuze uketshezi oluthe xaxa lungakwazi ukwakha ( pleurodesis ).
I-Bone Pain
Ubuhlungu be-bone obuhlobene ne-bone metastases bungaba nzima, kodwa kunezinketho eziningi ezibandakanya izidakamizwa eziguqula amathambo kanye nokwelashwa kwemisebe okungasiza.
Nini Ukubona Udokotela
Ukubuyekezwa kwezifundo ezingu-2016 kutholakale ukuthi izimpawu ezaba nomthelela omkhulu wokubonisa umdlavuza we-ovari zihlanganisa ubukhulu besisu, ukuvinjwa kwesisu (noma ukugqama kwesisu), ubuhlungu besisu noma isisu, ukuvuthwa kwesisu noma kwesisu, nokulahlekelwa ukudla.
Lokho kusho, khumbula ukuthi izimpawu zokuqala zomdlavuza we-ovari, lapho zikhona, zivame ukungaqondakali futhi zicashile, futhi ngalunye lwalezi zimpawu, ngokuvamile kunezinye izimo ezingenabungozi ezingase zibe imbangela. Noma yini ebonakala ingalungile futhi ehlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, ikakhulu uma ifana nalokho okubonayo ngenhla, kufanelekile ukuxoxa.
Uma ukuhlola kwakho kuvamile, kodwa umzimba wakho usakutshela ukuthi kukhona okungalungile, lalela. Landela futhi noma uthole umbono wesibili. Umdlavuza we-Ovarian ungomunye wegciwane elingelapheka noma okungenani uphathwe ukuze uvumele amathuba aphansi kakhulu okubuyela lapho etholakala ezinyathelweni zakuqala.
> Imithombo:
> Ebell, M., Culp, M., noT. Radke. Ukubuyekezwa Okuhlelekile Kwempawu Zokuthola I-Ovarian Cancer. I-American Journal of Medicine Prevention . 2016. 50 (3): 384-394.
> National Cancer Institute. I-Ovarian Epithelial, I-Tube yama-Fallopian, ne-Primary Peritoneal Cancer Treatment (PDQ) -Health Professional Version. Kubuyekezwe 01/19/18. https://www.cancer.gov/types/ovarian/hp/ovarian-epithelial-treatment-pdq