I-Lower Limbs Kufaka i-Hip, Inkungu, Umlenze, i-Ankle, ne-Foot
Umkhawulo ophansi ubhekisela engxenyeni yomzimba kusukela ku-hip kuya ezinzwaneni. Umkhawulo ophansi uhlanganisa ama-hip, amadolo, nama-ankle, namathanga aso, umlenze, nezinyawo.
Abantu abaningi babhekisela emkhawulweni ophansi njengomlenze. Eqinisweni, umlenze uyingxenye yomzimba emkhatsini wamadolo namajoyini. Indlela efanele yokuchaza umlenze ophansi ingumkhawulo ophansi.
Lokhu kungabonakala njengemininingwane encane. Kodwa-ke, uma ulwazi lwezokwelapha ludluliselwa phakathi kwezibhedlela, odokotela, nabanye ochwepheshe bezokwelapha, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ulimi olufanayo. Ngamazwi ase-anatomiki, umzimba uchazwa kanje:
Ukunyuka Okuphansi
- Ithuluzi: isigaba esiphakathi kokuhlanganiswa kwe-hip namadolo ahlangene
- Umlenze: isigaba esiphakathi kwehlangothini lamadolo kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwe-ankle
Ukugqama okukhulu
- I-Arm: isigaba esiphakathi kwehlangothini lamahlombe kanye nomhlanganiso we-elbow
- Ukuqhathanisa: ingxenye ephakathi komhlanganiso we-elbow kanye ne-wrist joint
Izingxenye Zobuncane Obuncane
Manje ukuthi uyazi ukuthi umlenze awufani nendawo yonke engezansi, nansi izingxenye ezahlukene:
- Ukunikezelwa kwegazi : Umkhawulo ophansi uhlinzekwa yi-artery westeri. Igazi libuya ngemithanjeni ye-saphenous engavamile kanye nemithanjeni ejulile ehlanganisa i-females, i-popliteal, i-anterior tibial, i-posterior tibial, ne-vebula. I-thrombosis ejulile ye-vein yisimo esiyingozi uma uvala ama-veins.
- Amagundane: Igatsha lesigungu sezitho ezincane esivela ku-plexus ye-lumbosacral. I-ncium sciatic igijima ekhanda ngaphansi komlenze ngamunye bese ihlukana ibe nerve ye-peroneal ne-tibial yokulawula imilenze nezinyawo. Ukulimala kwimbangela ye-peroneal kungabangela ukunyakaza kwezinyawo, ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo phezulu kwonyawo nokungakwazi ukuphakamisa unyawo. Ukucindezelwa kwamagciwane omgogodla kungabangela ubuhlungu ukuba bubukeke emlonyeni wesisindo, owaziwa njenge- sciatica .
- Amangqamuzana nama-Joints: Ingxenyana engezansi inamathele ngokuhlanganiswa kwe-hip kuya emathanjeni ase-pelvic. I-femur, noma ithambo lethanga, lifinyelela phansi emadolweni bese lichaza ne-patella. Amathambo omlenze afaka i-tibia emikhulu (ithambo lesibani) ne-fibula encane. Baxhuma ngokuhlangana kwe-ankle namathambo e-tarsal, afaka i-talus, i-calcaneus (ithambo lesithende), i-cuboid, i-navicular, namathambo e-cuneiform. Lezi zixhuma ngama-metatarsophalangeal amalunga emathanjeni amahlanu e-metatarsal ezinyaweni, okuzoxhuma kuma-phalanges ezinzwane, ezinama-interphalangeal joints. Ukuhlukana kwamathambo nokulimala kwamalungu omphetho ophansi kuvamile. Izindwangu nezinyosi zithathelwa ngokuphindaphindiwe uma amalunga ehlaselwa yi-osteoarthritis.
- Imisipha : Imisipha yomlenze ophansi ihlanganisa ezinamandla kunazo zonke futhi zide kakhulu zomzimba, njengoba kufanele zibe namandla ukuhamba nokuma okuqondile. Lezi zinhlanzi zihambisa ithanga nomlenze bese zilawula unyawo. Zihlanganisa ama-gluteus maximums, gluteus medius, iliopsoas, imisipha ye-adductor, i-sartorius, ne-gracilis ye-hip. Imisipha yamathanga ihlanganisa i-quadriceps ngaphambili kanye nemisipha eminyakatho ngemuva. Imisipha yamathole ihlanganisa i-gastrocnemius, i-soleus, i-peroneus longus, i-tibialis yangaphakathi, i-flexor digitorum longus, ne-extensor digitorum longus. I-tendon yama-Achille iyintambo evelele ehlangene nethambo lesithende futhi liyi-tendon enkulu emzimbeni.